Enilda Rosendo do Nascimento

Avaliação da cobertura e indicadores do Programa de Humanização do Pré-natal e Nascimento no município de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

OBJECTIVES: calculate selected indicators for the prenatal care provided to pregnant women by public healthcare services in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. METHODS: this quantitative study, carried out in the city of Salvador used records of prenatal care from those health units integrating the Brazilian Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program (BPBHP), kept records from their pregnant subjects and contributed regularly with information to the SISPRENATAL database in 2002. Data from the Municipal Health Departments Regulation and Assessment Coordination (reference year = 2002) were analyzed by means of a statistical software and presented in simple frequencies. RESULTS: the indicators under investigation determined prenatal care coverage of 14.2% in the health clinics, totaling 6044 women. Of these 37.8% were registered in the BPBHP. Anti- tetanus vaccine or additional doses were given to 33.5% of the subjects in the BPBHP and HIV testing was performed in 17.6%. CONCLUSIONS: during 2002, it was determined that the BPBHP in Salvador provided low coverage for prenatal care, anti-tetanus vaccination and anti-HIV testing. Although BPBHP has the objective of maternal and neonatal mortality reduction, it failed to cover the major cause of maternal death in Salvador: abortion.

Associação entre gravidez não planejada e o contexto socioeconômico de mulheres em área da Estratégia Saúde da Família

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of unplanned pregnancy and verify its association with sociodemographic factors in women enrolled in the FHS - Family Health Strategy, in suburban sanitary Salvador - BA. METHODS: A quantitative, exploratory, cross-sectional study, with a sample of 191 pregnant women, stratified by health units. The pregnancy was categorized into planned and unplanned, and sociodemographic characteristics constituted the independent variables. The magnitude of the associations was obtained by the ratio of prevalence and confidence intervals (95%), estimated by Poisson regression, with the level of statistical significance, 5% (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The prevalence of unplanned pregnancy was 66.5%; age, marital status, occupational situation, and income exhibited statistically significant proportional differences with regard to type of pregnancy. There was a positive association between age, marital status and occupation with unplanned pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: The results reaffirm the association between unplanned pregnancy and socioeconomic conditions, and the ESF appears to have been effective in ensuring the reproductive rights of women.

Especificidades de usuários(as) de drogas visando uma assistência baseada na heterogeneidade

O artigo enfoca a heterogeneidade de grupos e de pessoas usuarias de drogas, com enfase nas especificidades de mulheres. Trata-se de revisao da literatura sobre o fenomeno das drogas e saude, a partir de textos selecionados que utilizam a variavel empirica sexo. Foram identificadas diferencas no consumo de drogas entre homens e mulheres e especificidades entre mulheres tanto em relacao a aspectos epidemiologicos quanto aos determinantes socio-culturais do fenomeno. Identificou-se que a taxa de consumo, tipo da droga, idade, mortalidade e comorbidade foram aspectos responsaveis pelas principais diferencas de genero. Especificamente em grupos de mulheres, foram identificadas diferencas relacionadas ao tipo de droga versus idade e procura por tratamento versus tipo de atividade desenvolvida pela unidade de saude. Os dados demonstram que a assistencia as pessoas usuarias de drogas deve contemplar especificidades individuais e de grupos.

Social representations concerning the breastfeeding practices of women from three generations

Breastfeeding is a practice that involves teaching and learning across generations. Women experiencing breastfeeding need models that come from their mothers and maternal grandmothers. Therefore, this studys objectives were to capture social representations concerning breastfeeding held by women from three different generations of the same family and identify continuities and discontinuities in the practice and representation related to the phenomenon and the work of nurses in this process. This qualitative study based on the Social Representations Theory was developed in a hospital in Itabuna, BA, Brazil. The sample consisted of 21 women. Data were collected between October 2009 and July 2010. We show that the representations move between positive and negative perceptions, and that the teaching-learning process is conducted across generations, especially by nurses, through observation and the media, and that childcare is defined by feeding, body, health and affection. We conclude that it is necessary to understand the representations from both individual and generational perspectives. DESCRIPTORS: Breastfeeding. Family. Generation. Woman. Nursing.Breastfeeding is a practice that involves teaching and learning across generations. Women experiencing breastfeeding need models that come from their mothers and maternal grandmothers. Therefore, this studys objectives were to capture social representations concerning breastfeeding held by women from three different generations of the same family and identify continuities and discontinuities in the practice and representation related to the phenomenon and the work of nurses in this process. This qualitative study based on the Social Representations Theory was developed in a hospital in Itabuna BA, Brazil. The sample consisted of 21 women. Data were collected between October 2009 and July 2010. We show that the representations move between positive and negative perceptions, and that the teaching-learning process is conducted across generations, especially by nurses, through observation and the media, and that childcare is defined by feeding, body, health and affection. We conclude that it is necessary to understand the representations from both individual and generational perspectives. DESCRIPTORS: Breastfeeding. Family. Generation. Woman. Nursing

Mulheres negras e brancas e os níveis de acesso aos serviços preventivos de saúde: uma análise sobre as desigualdades

O racismo institucional e um fator determinante no acesso aos servicos de saude, principalmente para as mulheres negras que sofrem com o impacto das interseccoes das desigualdades de genero e raca. O objetivo deste estudo e determinar os diferenciais das caracteristicas socio demograficas e os niveis de acesso aos servicos preventivos de mulheres na Bahia, segundo raca/cor. Os resultados revelam que, para o nivel de acesso considerado bom, as mulheres brancas representam 15,4%, enquanto as negras respondem por 7,9%. O estudo demonstrou que as desigualdades raciais e o racismo institucional sao uma barreira no acesso aos servicos preventivos de saude para as mulheres negras.

Racismo e saúde: representações sociais de mulheres e profissionais sobre o quesito cor/raça

Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem multimetodologica apoiado na Teoria das Representacoes Sociais, com o objetivo de apreender as representacoes que o quesito cor tem para usuarias e profissionais de servicos publicos de saude. Foi realizado em Unidades Basicas de Saude do municipio de Salvador com 103 sujeitos. Os dados foram coletados por meio do Teste de Associacao Livre de Palavras e da entrevista semiestruturada. Utilizou-se Analise Fatorial de Correspondencia e analise tematica. Os resultados mostram oposicao de respostas entre pessoas que se autoclassificaram como brancas e pretas e oposicao entre as pessoas mais jovens e mais velhas do estudo. As representacoes sobre o quesito cor retratam a complexidade da classificacao racial e a necessidade de efetivacao de trabalhos sobre politicas de saude e de racas brasileiras.This is a multimethodology study founded on the Social Representations Theory, with the objective of aprehending the representations that the color issue has for the users and professionals of public health care services. The study was performed at Public Basic Health Units in Salvador, with 103 subjects. Data collection was performed using the Free Word-Association Test and semi-structured interviews. Factorial Correspondence Analysis and thematic analysis was used. Results showed an opposition of answers among people who classified themselves as white and black, and an opposition between the younger and older people. Representations about the color issue portray the complexity involved in racial classification and the need to implement studies on health policies and Brazilian races.

Indicadores de qualidade da assistência pré-natal em Salvador - Bahia

OBJETIVO: Analisar indicadores de qualidade da assistencia pre-natal prestada por servicos publicos de saude de Salvador/Ba, apos a implantacao do Programa de Humanizacao no Pre-natal e Nascimento (PHPN). METODOS: Estudo quantitativo realizado nas unidades basicas de saude de Salvador que aderiram ao Programa de Humanizacao no Pre-natal e Nascimento . RESULTADOS: Baixo percentual de gestantes inscritas no Programa de Humanizacao no Pre-natal e Nascimento realizaram seis consultas de pre-natal (9,76%); mais da metade dessas mulheres realizaram todos exames basicos e houve baixo percentual das que compareceram a consulta de puerperio (5,66%). Ademais, apenas 5,66% concluiram a assistencia pre-natal. CONCLUSAO: assistencia pre-natal em Salvador, prestada atraves do Programa de Humanizacao no Pre-natal e Nascimento no ano 2002, caracteriza-se por baixa cobertura pelas unidades de saude tanto de consultas pre-natais quanto de exames basicos e consulta puerperal.OBJECTIVE: To analyze prenatal care quality indexes of public health services in Salvador, Bahia following the implementation of the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program (PBHB). METHODS: This quantitative descriptive study was conducted in primary care units in Salvador that adopted the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program. RESULTS: Few pregnant women registered in the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program had the benchmark of six prenatal consultations (9.76%). More than half of these registered pregnant women received all basic exams. However, only few women received puerperal consultations (5.66%), which conclude their maternal care. CONCLUSION: Prenatal care in Salvador, carried out through the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program in 2002, had a low performance in basic exams, and in prenatal and puerperal consultations.

Discriminação racial no cuidado em saúde reprodutiva na percepção de mulheres

Racial discrimination can influence the functioning of the health services and the relationships between health professionals and service users, and may be reproduced imperceptibly, through how the people in the vicinity are treated. This study aimed to describe womens perception about racial discrimination in health care practices in reproductive health. It is an exploratory-descriptive study, with a qualitative approach. The information was collected in a Primary Health Care Center in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil in 2010, through semi-structured interviews held with 25 women. The technique of thematic analysis was used for analyzing the discourses. The analysis revealed situations of discrimination experienced or witnessed by the women in the reproductive health services and recognition of discrimination related to race/color and to social class. Despite there being perception of racial discrimination, the women had difficulty in recognizing that they suffered such practices, evidencing the naturalization of racial inequalities in reproductive health care. DESCRIPTORS: Perception. Reproductive health. Nursing. Race and health.

Representações sociais de mulheres de três gerações sobre práticas de amamentação

Breastfeeding is a practice that involves teaching and learning across generations. Women experiencing breastfeeding need models that come from their mothers and maternal grandmothers. Therefore, this studys objectives were to capture social representations concerning breastfeeding held by women from three different generations of the same family and identify continuities and discontinuities in the practice and representation related to the phenomenon and the work of nurses in this process. This qualitative study based on the Social Representations Theory was developed in a hospital in Itabuna, BA, Brazil. The sample consisted of 21 women. Data were collected between October 2009 and July 2010. We show that the representations move between positive and negative perceptions, and that the teaching-learning process is conducted across generations, especially by nurses, through observation and the media, and that childcare is defined by feeding, body, health and affection. We conclude that it is necessary to understand the representations from both individual and generational perspectives. DESCRIPTORS: Breastfeeding. Family. Generation. Woman. Nursing.Breastfeeding is a practice that involves teaching and learning across generations. Women experiencing breastfeeding need models that come from their mothers and maternal grandmothers. Therefore, this studys objectives were to capture social representations concerning breastfeeding held by women from three different generations of the same family and identify continuities and discontinuities in the practice and representation related to the phenomenon and the work of nurses in this process. This qualitative study based on the Social Representations Theory was developed in a hospital in Itabuna BA, Brazil. The sample consisted of 21 women. Data were collected between October 2009 and July 2010. We show that the representations move between positive and negative perceptions, and that the teaching-learning process is conducted across generations, especially by nurses, through observation and the media, and that childcare is defined by feeding, body, health and affection. We conclude that it is necessary to understand the representations from both individual and generational perspectives. DESCRIPTORS: Breastfeeding. Family. Generation. Woman. Nursing

Prenatal care quality indexes of public health services in Salvador, Bahia

OBJETIVO: Analisar indicadores de qualidade da assistencia pre-natal prestada por servicos publicos de saude de Salvador/Ba, apos a implantacao do Programa de Humanizacao no Pre-natal e Nascimento (PHPN). METODOS: Estudo quantitativo realizado nas unidades basicas de saude de Salvador que aderiram ao Programa de Humanizacao no Pre-natal e Nascimento . RESULTADOS: Baixo percentual de gestantes inscritas no Programa de Humanizacao no Pre-natal e Nascimento realizaram seis consultas de pre-natal (9,76%); mais da metade dessas mulheres realizaram todos exames basicos e houve baixo percentual das que compareceram a consulta de puerperio (5,66%). Ademais, apenas 5,66% concluiram a assistencia pre-natal. CONCLUSAO: assistencia pre-natal em Salvador, prestada atraves do Programa de Humanizacao no Pre-natal e Nascimento no ano 2002, caracteriza-se por baixa cobertura pelas unidades de saude tanto de consultas pre-natais quanto de exames basicos e consulta puerperal.OBJECTIVE: To analyze prenatal care quality indexes of public health services in Salvador, Bahia following the implementation of the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program (PBHB). METHODS: This quantitative descriptive study was conducted in primary care units in Salvador that adopted the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program. RESULTS: Few pregnant women registered in the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program had the benchmark of six prenatal consultations (9.76%). More than half of these registered pregnant women received all basic exams. However, only few women received puerperal consultations (5.66%), which conclude their maternal care. CONCLUSION: Prenatal care in Salvador, carried out through the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program in 2002, had a low performance in basic exams, and in prenatal and puerperal consultations.