Enrique Ramos-Clason

Seroprevalencia de IgG contra Rubeola en mujeres entre 10-49 años, en Cartagena, Colombia

Objetivo Determinar la seroprevalencia de Inmunoglobulina G (IgG) contra Virus de la Rubeola (VR) en Cartagena y si las metas de cobertura en inmunizacion contra VR han sido alcanzadas. Metodos Se desarrollo un estudio transversal, durante 2009. Se incluyeron mujeres entre 10-49 anos de edad. Los individuos fueron seleccionados aleatoriamente. Las variables socio-demograficas fueron registradas por entrevista directa. La IgG contra VR fue detectada mediante ELISA. Para analizar diferencias entre grupos se emplearon la prueba exacta de Fisher y X2. Se aplico un modelo de regresion logistica para correlacionar variables. Resultados Se analizaron 1 528 muestras. El 93 % (n=1 422) de la poblacion fue seropositiva. Las mujeres entre 10-14 anos reportaron un menor nivel de seropositividad en relacion con el resto de la poblacion. Las diferencias entre proporciones de seroprevalencia fueron estadisticamente significativas en los rangos de edad (p<0,001) y la ocupacion (p=0,042). Las mujeres entre 10-14 anos reportaron riesgo elevado para seronegatividad (OR=0,27, p<0,001). Conclusiones Las metas de seroprevalencia contra VR no han sido alcanzadas en Cartagena y nuevos casos de Rubeola o Sindrome de Rubeola Congenita podrian presentarse en el Distrito. Estos hallazgos revelan que no hubo progreso significativo desde 2006, cuando el porcentaje de cobertura en vacunacion contra VR oscilaba entre 90-95 %. El alto riesgo en el grupo de 10-14 anos sugiere falencias en la administracion de las dosis iniciales en el esquema de vacunacion.

Tumores primarios del sistema nervioso central en Cartagena, 2001- 2006

Objectives Determining the frequency of primary central nervous system tumours diagnosed in Cartagena; Colombia, from 2001-2006 and determining the demographic, epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients having central nervous system tumours reported by a single institution in Cartagena between 2001 and 2006. Methods A passive epidemiological surveillance descriptive study was carried out. The pathology reports of new diagnosed central nervous system primary tumours from all laboratories in Cartagena were taken and the available clinical records regarding these cases were analysed. The overall incidence rate and incidence rates by year, gender, age and histological type were estimated, with 95 % confidence intervals. Standardised morbidity rates were also calculated. Results There were 390 such cases during 2001-2006. The overall incidence rate was 6.91/100,000 people-year. Meningiomas were the most frequently occurring histological types (3.46/100,000 people-year). The provenance could only be determined in 43.1 % of cases. Standardised morbidity rates were higher in Cartagena regarding those reported in the United States and by the Colombian National Cancer Institute and the Population-based Cali Cancer Registry. Conclusions There was a higher incidence of primary central nervous system tumours in Cartagena than in the rest of the country. Registry and surveillance systems should be improved and research into risk factors encouraged.

Frecuencia de enfermedades huérfanas en Cartagena de Indias, Colombia

OBJECTIVE Estimating the frequency of genetic orphan diseases in Cartagena de Indias (Colombia). METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study was carried out employing data from the Health Care Service Individual Records (RIPS) of 2003-2010, kept by the District Administrative Department of Health-DADIS- in Cartagena de Indias. Genetic ODs included in national classification from Colombian Ministry of Health were chosen, and those identify by the Q reference according to the International Codes of Disease (ICD10) were finally selected for descriptive analysis. RESULTS A total of 522 181 people who consulted the health system were recorded. 0.8 % (n=16 527) had a diagnosis Q. Finally, 391 people (0.075 %) had diagnostic impression of genetic OD. Within this population, 75 different diagnostic impressions were found. Congenital malformations and deformities of the musculoskeletal system (Q65-Q79) were the most frequent (38.6 %), followed by Other Congenital Malformations (Q080-089) with 16.6 %. CONCLUSIONS It was obtained the first report of the frequency of genetic orphan diseases from the second largest on the Colombian Caribbean coast city. It is suspected that misreporting in RIPS database is reducing actual frequency of OD. Further active search could reveal complete prevalence.