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Dive into the research topics where Ernst H. Reimerdes is active.

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Featured researches published by Ernst H. Reimerdes.


Methods in Enzymology | 1976

[3] Determination of proteolytic activities on casein substrates

Ernst H. Reimerdes; Henning Klostermeyer

Publisher Summary In terms of chemical definition, casein is a product from cows milk and shows a variable protein composition 5,6 depending on its origin, hygienic qualities, storage, and the procedures for isolation. Casein is often used as substrate for the determination of proteolytic activities. It is easily available and stable under storage conditions. On account of its complex composition and random structure, this substrate undergoes proteolysis with all the known proteolytic enzymes without any necessity for prior denaturation. The extent of hydrolysis is generally determined, after acid precipitation of the unaltered casein by measurement of the absorption at 280–290 nm in the clear filtrate. This absorption is due to the presence of aromatic amino acids in the acid-soluble casein fragments. This article details on the studies of proteolytic activities in casein substrates and their outcome. It details the assay procedure performed to determine the proteolytic activities on casein substrates.


Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology | 2005

Quality related minimization of acrylamide formation--an integrated approach.

Knut Franke; Marco Sell; Ernst H. Reimerdes

An integrated approach is described with respect to acrylamide minimization in heated foodstuffs. All relevant variables have to be considered and the main focus is on maintaining the expected product quality. The role of the processes at the interface between product and heating medium during processing is characterized for the case of frying operations. Examples of parameters influencing these processes with respect to minimizing acrylamide and maintaining product quality (e.g. brown color) are described. First, the local distribution of acrylamide in a French fries type model food was investigated. Lowering water activity at the surface of French fries before frying contributes to a reduction of acrylamide without lowering product quality. Both pre-drying of the potato sticks before frying and an increasing of salt concentration at the product surface by coating with a salt solution showed positive effects. Additionally, it was demonstrated by simulation that combined effects of these measurements may enable a reduction of up to 80% in the acrylamide content.


Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology | 1977

Heat Induced Crosslinks in Milk Proteins and Consequences for the Milk System

Henning Klostermeyer; Ernst H. Reimerdes

The protein system of milk is rather unusual, there are nearly no interchain crosslinks found. Even intrachain crosslinks, especially disulfide bridges, are present only in about every fourth protein molecule. Heating causes dramatic changes in the structure of milk proteins, resulting in the formation of polymeric networks. The contribution of individual milk proteins, namely the beta-lactoglobulins, alpha-lactalbumin and chi-casein, to the formation of crosslinks is studied with respect to heating temperature and time, pH and atmosphere. Measured are changes in molecular weights and in the SH/SS-levels as well as the formation of dehydroalanine, lysinoalanine, lanthionine and isopeptide bonds. Some practical aspects of crosslinking in milk proteins are discussed.


European Food Research and Technology | 1979

Methoden zur Bestimmung der Chinolizidinalkaloide in Lupinus mutabilis

Dietrich von Baer; Ernst H. Reimerdes; Walter Feldheim

SummaryIn this paper rapid procedures for the determination of total alkaloids (photometric, titrimetric) and for the semiquantitative determination of individual alkaloids (TLC) in the seeds ofLupinus mutabilis are presented. For all three methods an improved extraction procedure is employed. After transforming the alkaloids into their bases, the resulting material is dried with basic alumina and the alkaloids are extracted with chloroform.For the photometric determination of total alkaloids bromocresol purple is used as color reagent. The indicator for the titrimetric determination is tetrabromophenolphthalein ethyl ester. The individual alkaloids are evaluated semiquantitatively after Separation on TLC-plates and staining with Draggendorff reagent.All three screening tests are useful for the selection of low alkaloid Lupin strains and for the control of debittering processes.ZusammenfassungEs werden Schnellmethoden zur Bestimmung der Gesamtalkaloide (photometrisch, titrimetrisch) und zur semi-quantitativen Bestimmung der Einzelalkaloide (dünnschichtchromatographisch) im Samen vonLupinus mutabilis beschrieben. Für die drei Schnellbestimmungsmethoden wird ein verbessertes Extraktionsverfahren dargestellt. Die Alkaloide werden in ihre Basen überführt, das Material wird mit basischem Aluminiumoxyd getrocknet und die Alkaloide mit Chloroform extrahiert.Bei der photometrischen Bestimmung der Gesamtalkaloide dient Bromkresolpurpur als Farbreagens. Zu ihrer titrimetrischen Bestimmung wird Tetrabromphenolphthaleinäthylester als Indikator benutzt. Die Einzelalkaloide werden semi-quantitativ, nach ihrer dünnschichtchromatographischen Trennung nach Anfärbung mit Dragendorffs Reagens bestimmt.Die drei Schnellmethoden sind für die Auslese alkaloidarmer Lupinen und zur Überwachung von technologischen Entbitterungsverfahren geeignet.


European Food Research and Technology | 1985

Ion chromatographic determination of lactulose and epilactose in the presence of lactose and other carbohydrates in milk and milk products

Ernst H. Reimerdes; K.-D. Rothkitt

A method is described for the analysis of carbohydrates in milk and milk products which develop during heat treatment. It is based on the separation of their borate complexes by anion exchange chromatography using two optimized buffer systems. A reliable qualitative and quantitative determination of the disaccharides lactulose and epilactose is possible even in the presence of large amounts of lactose (buffer system I). Using the second buffer system lactulose can also be detected in the presence of fructose. In addition other relevant carbohydrate components like ribose, mannose, galactose and glucose can be determined simultaneously.SummaryA method is described for the analysis of carbohydrates in milk and milk products which develop during heat treatment. It is based on the separation of their borate complexes by anion exchange chromatography using two optimized buffer systems. A reliable qualitative and quantitative determination of the disaccharides lactulose and epilactose is possible even in the presence of large amounts of lactose (buffer system 1). Using the second buffer system lactulose can also be detected in the presence of fructose. In addition other relevant carbohydrate components like ribose, mannose, galactose and glucose can be determined simultaneously.ZusammenfassungEs wird eine Methode zur Bestimmung von Kohlenhydraten mit Hilfe der Ionenaustauscherchromatographie der Boratkomplexe mit 2 Puffersystemen beschrieben, die die Analyse der Kohlenhydrate in Milch und Milchprodukten im Zusammenhang mit der Milcherhitzung ermöglicht. Die durch Erhitzung gebildeten Disaccharide Lactulose und Epilactose können selbst in Gegenwart von großen Mengen Lactose einwandfrei getrennt und quantitativ bestimmt werden (Pufferprogramm I). Durch Einführung eines zweiten Pufferprogrammes gelingt es außerdem, Lactulose auch bei Vorliegen von Fructose zu trennen und quantitativ zu bestimmen. Außerdem können andere Kohlenhydrate wie Ribose, Mannose, Galaktose und Glucose gleichzeitig bestimmt werden.


European Food Research and Technology | 1988

Analytik von Gangliosiden unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Milch

Uwe Dirks; Ernst H. Reimerdes

Gangliosides are sialic acid containing lipid compounds of a very complex nature, which are involved in many physiological processes. Gangliosides are very important constituents of membrane material in animal tissue, where they occur at very low concentrations. Improved analytical procedures are therefore required to study their behaviour, their role in living systems and their isolation for further investigations. In this paper, all analytical methods which may be important in the analysis of gangliosides are summarized and discussed. These include extraction, purification, enrichment and chromatographic procedures. In bovine milk, three gangliosides of known structure are present. Their isolation, structure and analytical importance (buttermilk) are also reported.ZusammenfassungGanglioside sind Sialinsäure enthaltende Lipide (N-Acetylneuraminsäure), die als funktionell wichtige Bausteine besonders in Membranen anzutreffen sind. Sie spielen eine wichtige Rolle in vielen elementaren physiologischen Vorgängen in tierischem Gewebe. Um ihre weite Bedeutung näher zu untersuchen bzw. die komplexe Struktur zu charakterisieren, sind aufwendige analytische Verfahren notwendig, die in dieser kurzen Übersicht dargestellt werden, d. h. Extraktion, Reinigung und Anreicherung Bowie chromatographische Methoden. In der Milch (Milchfettkügelchenmembran) wurden bisher drei Ganglioside in ihrer Struktur aufgeklärt. Sie werden bei der Verbutterung in der Buttermilch angereichert und könnten so als wichtiges analytisches Hilfsmittel dienen.


European Food Research and Technology | 1977

[A quantitative micromethod for the caffeine determination (author's transl)].

Walter Feldheim; Ernst H. Reimerdes; Gernot-Rainer Storm

SummaryA combined procedure with thin-layer-chromatography and densitometry is described for the quantitative estimation of caffeine in biological material. This method ist applicable in the nanogram range. Test samples of less than 100 μl may be used. The samples (capillary-blood) are extracted with the same volume of chloroform. Caffeine is separated from interfering compounds by thin-layer-chromatography. Commercial silica-60-plates with chloroform/acetone (9 + 1; v/v) as solvent are used. The running time is about 30 min. The quantitative densitometric determinations are performed in the remission mode at 273 nm. In the range from 10 to 60 ng/spot the calibration curve is linear. Accurate quantitative data will be obtained even at concentrations of 1 mg/1 caffeine. The detection limit is at about 0.1 mg/1.ZusammenfassungZur quantitativen Bestimmung von Coffein in biologischem Material wird ein kombiniertes Verfahren aus Dünnschichtchromatographie und Densitometrie beschrieben. Das Verfahren läßt Bestimmungen im Nanogramm-Bereich zu. Das Probenvolumen liegt unter 100 μl.Die Proben — Capillarblut — werden zunächst mit dem gleichen Volumen Chloroform extrahiert. Anschließend wird das Coffein mittels Dünnschichtchromatographie von Begleitstoffen und störenden Substanzen abgetrennt. Es werden Kieselgel-60-Fertigplatten und Chlorofom/Aceton (9 + 1; v/v) als Fließmittel verwendet, dabei beträgt die Laufzeit 30 min.Die quantitative densitometrische Auswertung erfolgt durch Remissionsmessung bei 273 nm. Im Bereich von 10–60 ng Coffein/Fleck verläuft die Eichkurve linear. 1 mg/I Coffein kann noch sicher quantitativ erfaßt werden. Die Nachweisgrenze liegt bei 0,1 mg/1.


Zeitschrift f�r Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung | 1983

Isolierung und funktionelle Eigenschaften von Molkenproteinfraktionen@@@Isolation and functional properties of whey protein fractions: I. Fraktionierung von Molke mit Aceton@@@I. Fractionation of whey by acetone

Hans-Arist Mehrens; Henning Klostermeyer; Ernst H. Reimerdes

SummaryFunctional properties of samples, obtained from whey proteiLehrstuhln concentrates by fractionation with acetone, were determined. Soluble nitrogen was at a minimum between pH 4.5 and 5.5, a strong influence of salts was observed. Aqueous suspensions of the proteins showed a thixotropic flow with a maximum of apparent viscosity at pH 5.5. Depending on conditions, heating yielded either gels or coagulates. Mercaptoethanol and cysteine produced marked firmness of the gels, whereas N-ethylmaleimide resp. oxidizing agents had the opposite effect. Gels from acetone precipated whey proteins were far firmer than whey proteins of commerce. Foaming properties of the precipates were relatively poor, those of the supernatans, depending on test conditions, good.ZusammenfassungEs wurden funktionelle Eigenschaften von Präparaten, die durch Fraktionierung von Molkenproteinkonzentraten mit Hilfe von Aceton erhalten wurden, geprüft. Die Gesamt-N-Löslichkeit hatte ein Minimum bei pH 4,5–5,5, sie wurde durch Salze deutlich beeinflußt. In Suspension zeigten die Proteine thixotropes Fließverhalten, das Maximum der scheinbaren Viscosität lag bei pH 5,5. Erhitzung führte je nach Bedingungen zu Gelen oder Coagulaten. Mecaptoethanol und Cystein bewirkten deutliche Verfestigungen der Gele während N-Ethylmaleinimid bzw. Oxidationsmittel gegenteilig wirkten. Die Festigkeit der Gele von Acetonpräcipitaten war denen käuflicher Molkenproteinerzeugnisse weit überlegen. Die Schäumungseigenschaften der Präcipitate waren relativ schlecht, die der Überstände je nach Umständen gut.


European Food Research and Technology | 1986

Eine rechnergesteuerte Schnellmethode zur Bestimmung von Harnstoff in Milcherzeugnissen: Magermilchpulver unterschiedlicher Provenienz

Uwe Dirks; Ernst H. Reimerdes

The enzymatic determination of urea in spray-dried skim milk powders was transferred to a computer aided photometric analysing system. Sample preparation is optimal using ultrafiltration, but the direct use of a milk sample is also possible with this system. The precision including sample preparation as coefficient of variation was about 0.69%, the standard deviation of the assay was 0.115-0.135 at an average content of 5.4-5.5 mg urea per 100 ml skim milk. The method was tested on 147 spray-dried skim milk powders, which were of varying origin and collected at different times of the year (Jan.-Oct.). In this way a representative survey for the urea content of a great number of skim milk powders was possible. It was also shown, that the urea content is highly affected by season. It is very constant from February to May (0.25-0.26%), and rises from June to October up to nearly 0.32%.SummaryThe enzymatic determination of urea in spray-dried skim milk powders was transferred to a computer aided photometric analysing system. Sample preparation is optimal using ultrafiltration, but the direct use of a milk sample is also possible with this system. The precision including sample preparation as coefficient of variation was about 0.69%, the standard deviation of the assay was 0.115–0.135 at an average content of 5.4–5.5 mg urea per 100 ml skim milk. The method was tested on 147 spray-dried skim milk powders, which were of varying origin and collected at different times of the year (Jan.-Oct.). In this way a representative survey for the urea content of a great number of skim milk powders was possible. It was also shown, that the urea content is highly affected by season. It is very constant from February to May (0.25–0.26%), and rises from June to October up to nearly 0.32%.ZusammenfassungEs wurde die enzymatische Harnstoff-Bestimmung in Sprühmagermilchpulvern auf ein rechnergesteuertes photometrisches Analysensystem übertragen. Die einfach zu handhabende Probenvorbereitung verleiht dem Analysensystem einen hohen Grad an Rationalität. Die flüssigen Proben wurden direkt oder nach Ultrafiltration für die Harnstoff-Bestimmung eingesetzt. Die Wiederholbarkeit bei der Probenvorbereitung ausgedrückt als Variationskoeffizient betrug im Mittel 0,69%, die Standardabweichung bei aufeinanderfolgenden Testansätzen 0,115–0,135 bei einem durchschnittlichen Gehalt von 5,4–5,5 mg Harnstoff/100 ml Magermilch. Die Methode wurde an einem umfangreichen Probenmaterial von 147 Magermilchpulvern, die nach saisonalen (Januar bis Oktober) Kriterien ausgewählt wurden, erprobt. Es wurde auf diese Weise ein breiter Überblick über die jahreszeitabhängigen Harnstoffgehalte in Sprühmagermilchpulvern unterschiedlicher Herkunft erhalten. Die Harnstoffgehalte sind von Februar bis Mai nahezu konstant (0,25–0,26%), steigen von Juni bis Oktober aber auf Werte von 0,32% an.


European Food Research and Technology | 1977

Gel diffusion—A simple and sensitive technique for the assay of proteinase inhibitors and its use for the determination of the ratio of proteinases in mixtures

Fujio Takahashi; Ernst H. Reimerdes; Henning Klostermeyer

ZusammenfassungIn caseinhaltigen Agarosegelen erzeugen sowohl Pepsin wie Chymosin radiale Diffusionszonen, deren Durchmesser bei gegebener Zeit dem Logarithmus der Enzymmenge proportional ist. Die Bestimmungsgrenze liegt für beide Enzyme unter 1 μg. Bei Zugabe des Inhibitors Pepstatin A zu den Proteinasepräparaten werden die Diffusionszonen beider Proteinasen verkleinert, aber in unterschiedlichem Ausmaße. Auf dieser Basis kann in technischen Labpräparaten das Mengenverhältnis Pepsin/Chymosin mit einer Genauigkeit von ±5% bestimmt werden. Bei Umkehr der Reaktion zum Nachweis des Inhibitors sind Mengen im Bereich von 10−9 Mol sicher erfaßbar. Die Methodik ist verallgemeinerungsfähig als Screening-Test für Proteinaseinhibitoren.SummaryIn casein-containing agarose gels, pepsin and chymosin form radial diffusion zones; the diameters of these zones show rectilinear correlations with the logarithm of the enzyme concentration at constant time. The sensitivity for both enzymes is below 1 μg. Addition of the inhibitor pepstatin A to these enzymes causes a reduction of the diameters of the diffusion zones, with large differences for both the enzymes. With this procedure, the pepsin/chymosin ratio in rennet preparations was assayed with an accuracy of ±5%. Identification of the inhibitors allows the determination of amounts in the namomole range. This method is a simple technique for the evaluation of proteinases and their inhibitors in screening systems.

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Anja Knecht

University of Münster

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Heike P. Schuchmann

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

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Horst Klaffke

Federal Institute for Risk Assessment

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Ingrid Halle

Friedrich Loeffler Institute

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Isabelle Kölling-Speer

Dresden University of Technology

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Karl Speer

Dresden University of Technology

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