Ersin Can

Somatic embryogenesis, callus production, and plantlet growth in sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.)

Abstract Plant parts (internode segments, young leaves, apical‐axillary meristems, petioles and immature inflorescences) isolated from the fresh, full‐leaved and juicy sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) were used as explants in this study. The ex‐plants were cultured on B5 medium with 5.4 μM or 10.7 μM NAA combined with 0, 0.9, 1.4, or 2.3 μM of kinetin and 0, 0.9, 1.3, or 2.2 μM of BAP to determine the effects of explant types and medium compositions on the callus induction and plant regeneration. Somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis, as well as direct shoot regeneration from the explants, were observed depending on the explant types and medium composition. The effect of the phytohormone type and concentration on the callus induction rate was under explant dependency. The highest frequency of shoot regeneration was achieved from apical‐axillary meristems on B5 medium with 10.7 μM NAA and 2.3 μM kinetin.

Effect of Auxin Type and Concentrations in Different Media on the Callus Induction and Shoot Formation of Crested Wheatgrass (Agropyron Cristatum (L.) Gaertn)

ABSTRACT Effects of different medium (LS and SH) supplemented with various auxin concentrations (2, 4, 6 and 8 mg. l−1) of dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2metoxibenzoic acid) and picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) on the callus induction, direct shoot formation rate and callus weight from young inflorescences crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn). The result of the study showed that callus induction rate (%), shoot formation (%) and callus weight (mg/per Petri dishes) from the young inflorescences were significantly affected by medium, auxin and auxin concentrations. Depending on the medium, mean callus induction rate, shoot formation and callus weight (mg/per Petri dishes) varied from 18% - 18.8%, 8.6% - 62.5%, 11.4 - 16.4 mg, respectively. Callus induction, shoot formation rates and callus weight were also significantly influenced by the auxin type and auxin concentrations. The highest callus induction rate and callus weight were obtained from the LS medium containing 4 mg. l−l of dicamba. The highest direct shoot formation rate was obtained from the SH medium containing 2 mg. l−l of picloram.

Effects of Genotype and Concentrations of Dicamba on Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration from Young Inflorescences of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.)

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to determine the effects of genotypes and dicamba concentrations (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 mg−1) on the callus induction and plant regeneration from the segments of young inflorescences cultured on the LS-medium in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L). The result of the study showed that callus induction rate, callus weight per petri dish and plant regeneration from the young inflorescences were significantly affected by the genotypes. Depending on the genotypes, callus induction rate, callus weight mg/petri dish and number of regenerates per inflorescence segment varied from 20.3 %-67.2 %, 54.4–118.1, 0.797–2.719 respectively. Callus and shoot induction rates, callus weight and regeneration rate were also significantly influenced by the dicamba concentrations. The segments cultured on the LS medium containing 5 mg−1 of dicamba gave the highest values of callus induction rate (77.1 %), shoot induction rate (66.6 %), callus weight (168.2 mg/petri dish) and regeneration rate (3.458 regenerates per segment).

Effect of Inflorescence Length on the Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration in Orchardgrass (Dactylis Glomerata L.)

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to determine the effect of inflorescence length on callus induction and plant regeneration in Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). In the study, the inflorescences with different length (2–25 mm) isolated from the ecotype with a good in-vitro regeneration capacity were cultured on LS medium supplemented with 5 mg−1 2,4-D. Both callus induction and directly shoot regeneration from the inflorescences of orchard-grass were observed during the investigation. Callus induction rates varied from 50% to 84.5% depending on the inflorescence length. The highest callus weight per inflorescence was obtained from the inflorescence with 11–15 mm length. The inflorescences being longer than 15 mm produced lower callus weight than those being shorter than 15 mm. The highest regeneration rate (4.4 plantlets per inflorescence) was obtained from the inflorescences with the 11–15 mm length. Increasing the inflorescence length up to 20 mm decreased the regeneration rate. Considering the results of study, it was concluded that the inflorescences being yellowish in color and 6–20 mm length could be used as explant for an acceptable regeneration rate.

Yonca Silaj ve Besleme Kalitesinin FT-NIRS Teknolojisi ile Saptanması

Farkli bakteri izolati uygulamalari neticesinde Lactobacillus bifermentans , yonca otundan en kaliteli silaj olusumunu tesvik etmistir. Olusan silajin kurutulmus ornekleri NIRFlex N-500 cihazinda, 4000-10000 cm -1 dalga araliginda taranarak spektral tanilamasi yapilmis ve daha onceden saptanan kimyasal referans degerler NIRCal kemometrik yazilim programinda, spektrumlara karsilik olarak kaydedilmistir. Normalizasyon, dengeleme ve turev on muamelesi uygulanan spektrumlarda olcum hatalari azaltilarak silaj kalite parametreleri icin kalibrasyonlar optimize edilmistir. Gelistirilen kalibrasyonlarin R 2 CAL, R 2 VAL, SEC, SEV ve VsetBIASS istatistiklerine gore silaj organik asitlerinden laktik asit basta olmak uzere, asetik asit ve propiyonik asit’in yuksek ancak butirik asit’in daha dusuk dogrulukta okunabilecegi belirlenmistir. Farkli silaj parametrelerinin kimyasal degerleri ile NIRS okumasi arasindaki iliskide R 2 degerleri butirik asit, ham yag ve silaj gaz uretim parametreleri disindaki tum besleme ve kalite ozellikleri icin %70 degerinin uzerinde belirlenmistir.