Eyal Bar-Haim

Ethnic Stratification in Israel

In this chapter we review major trends that shaped the population composition of Israeli society and its system of ethnic stratification. We focus on the historical circumstances associated with the establishment of the state and the ways through which migration flows to Israel and the absorption of immigrants into society have formed socio-economic disparities between population sub-groups. More specifically, we argue that the flows of immigrants arriving from a wide variety of countries at different periods have created the current system of ethnic stratification in which distinct geo-cultural ethnic groups are differentiated according to their socio-economic attributes. When doing so we also examine the unique social and economic position of the Arab minority in Israeli society.

Still Great: Subjective Intergenerational Mobility and Income Inequality

In recent years, the authors of several studies have established that income inequality is negatively associated with intergenerational income mobility in a phenomenon known as “The Great Gatsby Curve.” Yet, extant research on the effects of inequality and social mobility on people’s perceptions and social and political behavior has yielded contradicting results. In light of these inconsistencies, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the association between income inequality and subjective intergenerational mobility. Using data from 40 countries, the effect of income inequality on subjective mobility was examined, along with their combined effect on views regarding redistribution. The results indicated that income inequality increases mainly subjective downward mobility. The effect of subjective mobility on the attitudes toward redistribution was found to be substantial, but there were no significant results highlighting an interaction between inequality and subjective mobility. The results show how individual perceptions of opportunity inequalities are affected by the structural constraints of society. The social implications of these results are discussed herein.