Ezilda Jacomassi

Determinação do rendimento e atividade antimicrobiana do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf em função de sazonalidade e consorciamento

The essential oil of the plant Cymbopogon citratus, cultivated separately, and also joined with Achillea millefolium L, was obtained by the process of steam distillation. The oil yield was determined through seasonal variation, having as main parameters the temperature, the pluviometer indexes and the collection time. The best results were obtained in the morning period, during high-temperature-days presenting high pluviometer indexes. The microbiological analysis of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil against leavenings (Candida albicans and C. tropicalis), and against bacteria (Escherichia coli, Sthaphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) was determined by micro-dilution in broth (MIC). The essential oils cultivated separately, and joined with Achillea millefolium L., presented moderate activity in relation to the tested yeasts (0.63 - 1.25 mg/mL-1). Regarding bacteria, the essential oil of the plant cultivated separately presented high activity in relation to Sthaphylococcus aureus (0.08 mg/mL). On the other hand, the oil revealed to be inactive against other bacteria.

Morfoanatomia e histoquímica de Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul (Moraceae)

ABSTRACT – (Morphoanatomy and histochemistry of the Brosimum gaudichaudii Trecul (Moraceae)). Brosimum gaudichaudii known as “mamacadela” is a common cerrado species with a great importance on medicine folk and in the pharmaceutical industry . Thebark of the root and stem is used on the treatment of “vitiligo” being the bergapten and psoralen two furocoumarins responsible forpharmacological activity. This work presents the morphoanatomical and histochemical characterization of the vegetative organs of B . €gaudichaudii , with information about its embryo and post-seminal development. Samples were processed by usual techniques ofplant anatomy and ultra-structure. The embryo is of the total type and invaginate, the seedling is crypto-hypogeal and the tirodentro’ sradicular system is composed by primary root that is not always well developed when compared to other roots that probably are derivedof the hypocotyl which have greater size. The adult plants present long shoot bud-forming roots and plagiotropics origining with airbranch. These roots present a periderm with developed phellem and secondary phloem more developed than xylem, being both easilyeminent when manipulated. The stem and the leaf show unisseriate epidermis with a high density of unicellular non-glandular trichomesand glandular trichomes. The laticiferous are branched and non-articulate, occurring at all organs mostly frequently inside of the vesselelements. Phenolic-idioblasts occur abundantly at all organs.

Morfoanatomia e histoquímica de órgãos reprodutivos de Brosimum gaudichaudii (Moraceae)

Brosimum gaudichaudii Trecul, ordinary known as mama-cadela, is an arboreous species common on Brazilian savannah with a great importance on popular food and medicine. The yellow pulp of its fruit is very appreciated by the children because its like a chewing gum. This work presents the morphoanatomical and histochemistry characterization of the inflorescence, fruit and seed of B. gaudichaudii. The material were processed by anatomical and ultrastructural usual techniques. The inflorescence is capitate, globose, pedunculate, pendent, predominant by pairs on leaf axilla and covered by thickly hairy peltate bracts. Each inflorescence is composed of several male flowers and one female flower. The male flowers are constituted by a stamen involved by bracteoles. The female flower is constituted by a pistil with an inferior ovary with five carpels, nevertheless just one develops. It is common the presence of two ovules on developed locule, however just one will develop on a seed. The ovule is pendulous, hemianatropous and bitegmic only on the micropilar region. The mature fruit shows: the pulp which is to the comestible region and endocarp; in the seeds the tegument is membranaceous and the embryo without secondary endosperm. The parenchymatic tissue of the pulp presents a lot of intercellular spaces replete of aqueous content. The endocarp is sclerified and shows to be well differentiable on mature fruit. The laticiferous are non-articulated branched with thick walls occurring on inflorescence receptaculum, being abundant on peduncle and in the pulp of the mature fruit and embryo. The phenolic idioblasts are distributed in the inflorescence and fruit.