F. A. Ahmed

Pattern of induced estrus and conception rate following Ovsynch and Ovsynch based gonadotropin-releasing hormone treatments initiated on day 6 of estrous cycle in repeat breeding crossbred cows

Aim: The aim was to evaluate the estrus response, incidence of accessory corpus luteum formation and fertility following different hormonal protocols in repeat breeding crossbred cows. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 24 repeat breeding crossbred cows allotted into four groups. Cows of Group I was not given any treatment, Group II was treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) injection on day 6 post-estrus, Group III was treated with Ovsynch protocol, and Group IV was treated with Ovsynch based GnRH treatment. Estrus responses such as duration, onset, percentage, and intensity of estrus were recorded during the study. The incidence of accessory corpus luteum was recorded per rectally on day 7 after first and additional GnRH of Ovsynch treatment. The conception rate for all groups was calculated by the absence of estrus and on day 45 after artificial insemination (AI) per rectum. Serum samples were collected at AI and day 12 post-AI in Group I and II. Serum samples were also collected at GnRH, Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), timed AI (TAI) and day 12 post-TAI in Group III and IV. Results: Ovsynch and Ovsynch based GnRH treatments are resulted in 100.00% induction of estrus after the PGF2α injection. Onset of induced estrus after the PGF2α injection for Group III and IV was recorded as 48.750±0.713 and 51.472±1.989 h, respectively, and it was not significant. There was no significant difference in duration of estrus among the groups. The incidence of intermediate estrus intensity was found to be highest. All the cows showed the incidence of formation of accessory corpus luteum subsequent to GnRH treatment on day 6 of the estrous cycle in Group II, III, and IV. The conception rate was 0.00%, 16.67%, 50.00%, and 50.00% in Group I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Conclusion: Ovsynch and Ovsynch based GnRH treatments initiated on day 6 of estrous cycle capable of responding with a higher percentage of ovulation and formation of accessory corpus luteum which helped in higher conception rate over single post-AI GnRH treatment in repeat breeders. These treatments responded with better estrus response but did not significantly improve estrus intensity.

The Role of Estrogen and Progesterone Hormone on Vaginal Cytology in Bitch

The aim of the present study was to determine the stages of the reproductive cycle of the bitch by using the exfoliative vaginal cytology technique and its relationship with hormonal level. A total of 12 bitches (n=12) were selected and vaginal cytology along with hormonal estimation was done to identify the different stages of the reproductive cycle. The vaginal samples were collected as per the cotton swab technique and stained with Leishman stain and examined microscopically for differential count of exfoliated vaginal epithelial cells. On the same day blood samples were also collected aseptically for hormonal estimation. The percentage of parabasal cell, intermediate cell and superficial cells were 7.04±0.28, 22.33±0.28, and 62.32±0.28 in proestrus; 0.56±0.03, 5.68±0.03 and 92.29±0.03in estrus and 32.56±0.28, 35.08±0.28 and 12.83±0.28 in diestrus respectively. Vaginal smears were characterized by presence of massive numbers of erythrocytes and disappearance of neutrophils in proestrus, clear background of smear and absence of neutrophils with scanty erythrocytes in estrus, infiltration of neutrophils and dirty background in diestrus. The estrogen level (29.50 ±0.28) was statistically high during proestrus and highest progesterone level (39.50 ±0.28) during diestrus. On conclusion, hormonal changes in different stages of reproductive cycle presented mainly by the effect of elevated estrogen hormone that associated with increase in superficial cells count and cornification, with reduction in neutrophil and parabasal cell in estrus and Progesterone hormone showed increased towards diestrus level with increasing intermediate cells.

Male Pseudohermaphroditism in a Bitch: A Case Report

An eight months old Cocker Spaniel bitch, weighing 11kg, was presented to the Department of Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Sciences & A.H., CAU, Selesih, Mizoram, with the complaint of dsyuria. On physical examination of the external genitalia revealed that the bitch possessed the vulva with enlarged clitoris protruding from the vulvar juncture and both testes remained undescended. Laparotomy revealed persistent Mullerian duct (PMD) with abdominally located testicles. Thus the congenital defects were diagnosed as male pseudohermaphrodititism (MPH) with PMD.

Management of Incomplete Uterine Inertia in a Labrador Bitch - A Case Report -

A Labrador bitch having fifty four days of pregnancy was presented at college clinics with the history of no sign of labor after birth of one pup. The bitch was found active with dilated cervix. Abdominal palpation and ultrasonographic imaging revealed presence of foetuses in the gravid uterus. The case was further diagnosed as incomplete uterine inertia. In the present case study it was noted that intravenous administration of oxytocin, calcium gluconate and dextrose saline as effective therapeutic agents to expelled the fetuses.