F. K. Che Harun

Graphene Nanoribbon Based Gas Sensor

Mono layer graphene (MLG) as a new kind of advanced material is in our focus. MLG indicates a twodimensional structure with quantum confinement effect in its thickness. The MLG based nanomaterial has remarkable potential on electrochemical catalysis and bio-sensing applications. Recently inter sheet sensing systems for graphene sensor have been reported which will be used in our model as well. We provide a new idea of electrochemical sensors based on the graphene application. In this paper carrier the concentration on the sensor as a function of gas concentration is reported. A field effect transistor (FET) base structure as a modeling platform is proposed. Gate voltage representing the gas concentration on the sensor, or in other words the gate voltage as a function of gas concentration can be employed. Finally the proposed model is used in simulation studies and evaluated by experimental result.

Centralized heart rate monitoring telemetry system using ZigBee wireless sensor network

Recent advances in wireless communication standards and medical monitoring system have made it possible to effectively combine mesh networking with Non-Invasive medical application which is Pulse Oximeter in order to create reliable, large-scale wireless Network. This Mesh networking will enable doctors and nurses to observe and monitor a number of patients simultaneously from one location without being with the patients physically. This project is mainly concerned about monitoring patients condition simultaneously via Wireless Mesh Network. Wireless Mesh Network is a network that allows data transmitted to the nodes nearest neighbors and it can be easily maintained as each node are self configuring and self healing. Data obtained from multiple pulse oximeters will be stored and processed using Arduino-Nano, then transmitted to a centralized unit, where the information for multiple oximeter will be displayed simultaneously. The efficiency of data transmission was monitored and verified. Mesh networking for pulse oximeter had been successfully design to show the active pulse oximeter. Besides, the data transmit and received by the XBee were accurate and it had been proved through several observations.

Mimicking the biological olfactory system: a Portable electronic Mucosa.

In this study the authors report on the development of a new type of electronic nose (e-nose) instrument, which the authors refer to as the Portable electronic Mucosa (PeM) as a continuation of previous research. It is designed to mimic the human nose by taking significant biological features and replicating them electronically. The term electronic mucosa or simply e-mucosa was used because our e-nose emulates the nasal chromatographic effect discovered in the olfactory epithelium, located within the upper turbinate. The e-mucosa generates spatio-temporal information that the authors believe could lead to improved odour discrimination. The PeM comprises three large sensor arrays each containing a total of 576 sensors, with 24 different coatings, to increase the odour selectivity. The nasal chromatographic effect provides temporal information in the human olfactory system, and is mimicked here using two-coated retentive channels. These channels are coated with polar and non-polar compounds to enhance the selectivity of the instrument. Thus, for an unknown sample, the authors have both the spatial information (as with a traditional e-nose) and the temporal information. The authors believe that this PeM may offer a way forward in developing a new range of low-cost e-noses with superior odour specificity.

Applying convolution-based processing methods to a dual-channel, large array artificial olfactory mucosa

Our understanding of the human olfactory system, particularly with respect to the phenomenon of nasal chromatography, has led us to develop a new generation of novel odour‐sensitive instruments (or electronic noses). This novel instrument is in need of new approaches to data processing so that the information rich signals can be fully exploited; here, we apply a novel time‐series based technique for processing such data. The dual‐channel, large array artificial olfactory mucosa consists of 3 arrays of 300 sensors each. The sensors are divided into 24 groups, with each group made from a particular type of polymer. The first array is connected to the other two arrays by a pair of retentive columns. One channel is coated with Carbowax 20 M, and the other with OV‐1. This configuration partly mimics the nasal chromatography effect, and partly augments it by utilizing not only polar (mucus layer) but also non‐polar (artificial) coatings. Such a device presents several challenges to multi‐variate data processing...

SWCNT-Based biosensor modelling for pH detection

Different forms of CNT delivery have been discovered with several biomedical functions during past decades. The mechanisms of the cellular uptake of CNTs are mainly maintained due to the chemical nature, the cell type, and the features of the molecules, which are used to functionalize the nanotube exterior. Since single-wall carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) has unique chemical and physical properties, it is a great applicant for pH sensing. In addition, ion sensitive FET (ISFET) base on nanostructured SWCNT have covered a new method to help genetic investigators restructure metabolic pathways in cells, recognize the progression of disease, and expand diagnostics and therapeutics. Particularly, because PH sensing is very crucial for the constancy of enzymes, it is essential to extend the cost efficient types of this sensing. In this research, the conductance changes of the CNT-based ISFET device with different pH values can be modelled by ion concentration of the solution. In addition, the electrical current of channel is imagined as a function of pH levels, which can be controlled by a control factor (α). Thus, ISFET based nanostructured SWCNT is proposed focusing on the area of electrical detection of hydrogen ions of the electrolyte membrane. Besides, electrical detection of hydrogen ion applications is suggested to be used by modelling the delivery of SWCNT sheets. In the end, after comparing the proposed model and experimental data, it has been reported that there is a good compatibility between them.

Application of Infrared sensor for shape detection

This paper describes the use of multiple Infrared sensors to reconstruct a shape by detecting any changes in sensor displacement when there is an obstacle placed in front of the sensor. Meanwhile, the distance between IR sensors and the obstacle was set at 5 cm to minimize the noise contributed by the reflection of the sensor during data collection. A stepper motor was used in the experimental design to control the movement of an obstacle which rotates at 3600 for one complete cycle. Additionally, Arduino Software was used as a micro controller to control the switching mode of the sensor and CoolTerm Software was used to store the sensor output data in the text file format. For analysis, Matlab Software has been used to plot the graph of sensor value against the collected data. IR sensors are capable in measuring data up to 0.05 cm of resolution in displacement. Experimental results showed that by using IR sensors, it is possible to reconstruct a shape via plotting the graph for cylinder, hemisphere and ellipse shape obstacles.

Pulse Oximetry Color Coded Heart Rate Monitoring System Using ZigBee

This paper proposed a color coded bracelet prototype heart rate monitoring system communicating with wireless sensor network technology. The use of an integrated design with microcontroller and a ZigBee transceiver gives the possibility of developing wireless devices with small dimensions, low power consumption, and good computing capability. The pulse oximeter is used as a sensor to detect the heart rate from the user while ZigBee modules get all commands from microcontroller unit with complete ZigBee stack inside. Then, the heart rate information is obtained using a pulse oximeter, and it is displayed through the multicolor light emitting diode (LED) indicator on the bracelet. The LED indicator can show the different colors that indicate the range of heart rate. The results will help coaches as well as individual to monitor and regulate the user exercise training using a computer.

Ez430-chronos watch as a wireless health monitoring device

The paper describes a wireless health monitoring system, developed in LabVIEW, which is able to transmit and receive a patient’s body signal wirelessly to an eZ430- Chronossport watch.Patient’s vital body signal such as heart rate and percentage of oxygen saturation will be wirelessly transmitted to a programmable eZ430-Chronos watch to ease patient monitoring. The watch, used as a monitoring device will be worn by the doctor or any other individuals who is responsible in monitoring a patient’s condition (i.e.nurse or any of the patient’s family members). The system enables the user to be alerted immediately should any abnormalities occur to a monitored patient and he/she can be attended instantly. This would improve patient monitoring system remotely within the wireless protocol given.

Color coded heart rate monitoring system using ANT

In this paper, a prototype of portable device for monitoring athletes’ heart rate during exercise is presented. A color coded bracelet was design as a wrist heart rate monitor which mainly communicates with user via color-coding technology using the RGB LED Strap. This color-coding method makes the heart rate easier to monitor and enabling the user to identify their heart rate level at a certain time. Different colors signify different ranges of heart rate. Heart rate information was transferred from a Garmin heart rate strap (chest strap) to the user color coded bracelet using ANT+ technology. This information is then used to display heart rate level of the user on the bracelet using a color code. The device demonstrated that it is very helpful for athletes and coaches to monitor the fitness level of athletes and regulate their exercise training regime in a more effective and safer manner.

EEG Patterns for Driving Wireless Control Robot

Electroencephalogram (EEG) study has significant use for disable people since many people with severe motor disabilities require alternative method for communication and control. Normally this people have normal brain function that can be used to control assistive devices. Therefore this study presents preliminary results of EEG pattern for driving wireless control robot. The objective was to obtain optimum scalp location. For each task, EEG signals were recorded from 19 scalp location. Four recorded tasks were investigated and divided into Task1, Task2, Task3 and Control. All tasks were preceded by Control task. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) was used to analyze the recorded signals. The difference in power between task and control was analyzed. Results showed that P z and P4 are the best location for Task1, T4 and P3 for Task2 and Task3 respectively. All these occurred in delta frequency band.