F. Lentini

Geological map of Etna volcano, 1:50,000 scale

The new geological map of Etna volcano at 1:50,000 scale represents a significant progress in the geological studies of this volcano over the last 30 years, coming after Waltershausen’s map published around the mid of 19th century, the first geological map of a large active volcano, and the [Romano et alii (1979)][1] map published about a century later, both at 1:50,000 scale. Lithostratigraphy was used for mapping volcanic units and then Unconformity Bounded Units were applied to group lithostratigraphic units into synthems. In addition, lithosomes were exploited to better represent the spatial localization of different eruptive centres according to their morphology. On the whole, we identified 27 lithostratigraphic units, grouped into 8 synthems, and 9 volcanoes. In detail, effusive and explosive deposits generated by each eruption of Mongibello and, partially, Ellittico volcanoes were mapped as flow rank. This stratigraphic framework represents the best synthesis of the geological evolution of Etna volcano using the main unconformities recognized within its complex volcanic succession. In addition, we constrain the Etna volcanic succession and its lithostratigraphic units chronologically by radioisotope age determinations. On the basis of the outlined synthemic units, it was possible to divide Etna’s volcanic succession into 4 supersynthems, which correspond to 4 well-defined and spatially localized phases. The detailed reconstruction of the past eruptive activity allowed compiling the most accurate dataset in particular of the Holocene eruptions of Etna volcano, which will enable significantly improving the volcanic hazard assessment, together with petrological interpretation of erupted magmas and geophysical modelling of the volcano plumbing system. [1]: #ref-67

The external thrust system in southern Italy; a target for petroleum exploration

In southern Italy the Apenninic-Maghrebian Orogen developed during the Neogene Africa-Europe collision as a regional-scale duplex structure. It shows an allochthonous hangingwall, widely overlying a mostly carbonate footwall, consisting of the External Thrust System. This formed since the Tortonian by the detachment of the sedimentary covers of the continental margins of the Africa and Adria plates. In the Southern Apennines the duplex geometry has favoured oil-trapping and fields have been detected in ramp-anticlines of the buried edifice. Similar geometries have been inferred in eastern and central Sicily. The re-interpretation of regional profiles in Sicily based on new field data defines deep-seated geometries showing several potential oil traps and the External Thrust System could represent a new target for petroleum exploration in the region.