Fabiana Santos

Metodologia de identificação de aglomerações produtivas locais

The literature on industrial and regional economics is full of cases studies of local productive agglomerations. A significant part of the empirical studies on this subject have concentrated on the analysis of existing productive agglomerations. In contrast, there are few studies that attempt (or are able) to identify the startup of these agglomerations. From the perspective of development policies, this gap is relevant, as it leads to favoring established agglomerations to the detriment of those that are in the early stages. Therefore, it is necessary to develop methodologies that enable us to overcome this deficiency. This is the aim of this paper. The authors propose a methodology for the identification of potential local productive agglomerations based on secondary data. Through the use of the Principal Component Analysis technique, a Concentration Index is elaborated, which is an indication of the potential of an industrial sector, in a specific region, to become a local productive agglomeration.

Urinary levels of TGF β-1 and of cytokines in patients with prenatally detected nephrouropathies

This study aimed to identify noninvasive biomarkers of clinically significant nephrouropathies in patients with antenatal renal and/or urinary tract alterations. Spot-urine levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured in 100 patients with antenatal detected nephrouropathies. Patients were divided in idiopathic hydronephrosis (n = 47), urinary tract malformations (n = 35), and dysplastic kidneys (n = 18). Urinary concentrations of TGF-β1, IL-6, and TNF-α were compared between groups according to clinical and image findings. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were analyzed for the overall diagnostic accuracy of TGF-β1, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in discriminating infants with nephrouropathies. No significant differences in urinary TGF- β1, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were found in the comparison between the groups. TGF-β1 levels tended to be higher in patients with renal hypodysplasia compared to idiopathic hydronephrosis (p = 0.07). Twenty-nine patients had reduced DMSA uptake. In these cases, absolute urinary concentration of TGF-β1 and levels standardized for creatinine were significantly higher than in patients with normal DMSA uptake, while IL6 and TNF-α did not differ between groups. Urinary cytokine measurements were not useful as a screening test for clinically significant nephrouropathies. Conversely, increased concentrations of TGF-β1 pointed out to renal damage as indicated by reduced DMSA uptake.

Influence of prone position on oxigenation, respiratory rate and muscle strength in preterm infants being weaned from mechanical ventilation

OBJECTIVE:To verify the influence of preterm infant positioning on respiratory muscle strength, oxygenation and respiratory rate. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a paired sample of intubated infants born with gestational age less than 34 weeks, in the final process of weaning from mechanical ventilation. Infants with malformation, genetic syndromes, neuromuscular diseases, tracheotomies and in the postoperative period of abdominal and thoracic surgery were excluded. Maximum inspiratory pressure measures were checked by a digital manometer; respiratory rate was visually observed during one minute and oxygen saturation was measured by a pulse oximeter in prone and supine postures. Kruskal-Wallis and Students t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were applied, being significant p<0.05. RESULTS: 45 infants with respiratory distress syndrome were evaluated. The mean gestational age was 30.4 weeks and the mean birth weight was 1522g. The oxygen saturation was higher in prone position (p<0.001). Values of maximum inspiratory pressure were lower in prone when compared to infants in the supine position (p<0.001).Respiratory rate was similar in the two studied positions (p=0.072). CONCLUSIONS: There was a lower inspiratory pressure and a higher oxygen saturation in prone position when compared to the supine one. Concerning the respiratory rate there was no variation between prone and supine position.OBJETIVO: Verificar a influencia do posicionamento do recem-nascido prematuro sobre a forca da musculatura respiratoria, oxigenacao e frequencia respiratoria. METODOS: Estudo transversal com amostra pareada de recem-nascidos com idade gestacional inferior a 34 semanas, intubados, em processo final de desmame de ventilacao mecânica. Foram excluidos aqueles com malformacoes, sindromes geneticas, doencas neuromusculares, traqueostomizados e em pos-operatorio de cirurgias abdominais ou toracicas. As medidas de pressao inspiratoria maxima foram aferidas utilizando-se manovacuometro digital; a frequencia respiratoria atraves da observacao das incursoes respiratorias das criancas em um minuto e a saturacao de oxigenio por oximetro, nas posturas prona e supino. Os testes estatisticos aplicados foram Kruskal-Wallis, o teste t de Student e o coeficiente de correlacao de Pearson, sendo significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram estudadas 45 criancas com sindrome do desconforto respiratorio. A idade gestacional media foi de 30,4 semanas e o peso medio ao nascer de 1522g. Os valores de saturacao de oxigenio foram mais elevados (p<0,001) e os de pressao inspiratoria maxima mais baixos (p<0,001) na posicao prona. Os valores de frequencia respiratoria foram semelhantes nas duas posicoes estudadas (p=0,072). CONCLUSOES: Observaram-se menores valores de pressao inspiratoria alem de aumento da saturacao de oxigenio na posicao prona quando comparada a supino. Em relacao a frequencia respiratoria, nao foi observada variacao entre as posturas prona e supino.

Capacitação tecnológica e Catching Up: o caso das regiões metropolitanas emergentes brasileiras

Technological Capacity and Catching Up: the case of the Brazilian emerging metropolitan areas. Since the 1970’s the loss of industrial output share of Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area relative to Brazil’s industrial output has been explained by a process of “reversal polarization”. This article aims to analyze the catching up effect of variables of productive efficiency, such as technological capacity and labor force skill. The main point is to analyze if the behavior of these variables favored or reduced desagglomeration of Sao Paulo city and the resulting agglomeration effect on Brazilian emerging metropolitan areas. Utilizing the Household Sample Survey (PNAD) of the Brazilian Geography and Statistics Institute (IBGE) we will test if there has been technological catching up between Sao Paulo (defined as the frontier) and second-tier metropolis of southern Brazil (Belo Horizonte, Curitiba and Porto Alegre). A set of panel data tests the importance of the variables referred to on spatial distribution of Brazilian industry.

Influência da posição prona na oxigenação, frequência respiratória e na força muscular nos recém-nascidos pré-termo em desmame da ventilação mecânica

OBJECTIVE:To verify the influence of preterm infant positioning on respiratory muscle strength, oxygenation and respiratory rate. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a paired sample of intubated infants born with gestational age less than 34 weeks, in the final process of weaning from mechanical ventilation. Infants with malformation, genetic syndromes, neuromuscular diseases, tracheotomies and in the postoperative period of abdominal and thoracic surgery were excluded. Maximum inspiratory pressure measures were checked by a digital manometer; respiratory rate was visually observed during one minute and oxygen saturation was measured by a pulse oximeter in prone and supine postures. Kruskal-Wallis and Students t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were applied, being significant p<0.05. RESULTS: 45 infants with respiratory distress syndrome were evaluated. The mean gestational age was 30.4 weeks and the mean birth weight was 1522g. The oxygen saturation was higher in prone position (p<0.001). Values of maximum inspiratory pressure were lower in prone when compared to infants in the supine position (p<0.001).Respiratory rate was similar in the two studied positions (p=0.072). CONCLUSIONS: There was a lower inspiratory pressure and a higher oxygen saturation in prone position when compared to the supine one. Concerning the respiratory rate there was no variation between prone and supine position.OBJETIVO: Verificar a influencia do posicionamento do recem-nascido prematuro sobre a forca da musculatura respiratoria, oxigenacao e frequencia respiratoria. METODOS: Estudo transversal com amostra pareada de recem-nascidos com idade gestacional inferior a 34 semanas, intubados, em processo final de desmame de ventilacao mecânica. Foram excluidos aqueles com malformacoes, sindromes geneticas, doencas neuromusculares, traqueostomizados e em pos-operatorio de cirurgias abdominais ou toracicas. As medidas de pressao inspiratoria maxima foram aferidas utilizando-se manovacuometro digital; a frequencia respiratoria atraves da observacao das incursoes respiratorias das criancas em um minuto e a saturacao de oxigenio por oximetro, nas posturas prona e supino. Os testes estatisticos aplicados foram Kruskal-Wallis, o teste t de Student e o coeficiente de correlacao de Pearson, sendo significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram estudadas 45 criancas com sindrome do desconforto respiratorio. A idade gestacional media foi de 30,4 semanas e o peso medio ao nascer de 1522g. Os valores de saturacao de oxigenio foram mais elevados (p<0,001) e os de pressao inspiratoria maxima mais baixos (p<0,001) na posicao prona. Os valores de frequencia respiratoria foram semelhantes nas duas posicoes estudadas (p=0,072). CONCLUSOES: Observaram-se menores valores de pressao inspiratoria alem de aumento da saturacao de oxigenio na posicao prona quando comparada a supino. Em relacao a frequencia respiratoria, nao foi observada variacao entre as posturas prona e supino.

A REDE DE CIDADES DO ESPÍRITO SANTO: POLARIZAÇÃO E DESAFIOS PARA POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS

Este artigo avalia a rede de cidades atual do Estado do Espirito Santo, mostrando sua rigidez e polarizacao. Examina uma carteira de investimentos e seus possiveis impactos na organizacao territorial do Estado. A avaliacao e que a carteira esta ainda muito concentrada na Grande Vitoria, mas importantes investimentos comecam a se espalhar pelo litoral (tanto ao norte como ao sul), o que abre a possibilidade de atuacao de politicas publicas para fortalecimento de polos regionais alternativos e melhor distribuidos pelo territorio capixaba. Esta politica, para ser mais efetiva, deveria tambem focar na mudanca no perfil dos investimentos no Estado, ainda concentrados essencialmente na producao de commodities .

Influencia de la posición prona en la oxigenación, frecuencia respiratoria y en la fuerza muscular en los recién nacidos pre-término en destete de la ventilación mecánica

OBJECTIVE:To verify the influence of preterm infant positioning on respiratory muscle strength, oxygenation and respiratory rate. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a paired sample of intubated infants born with gestational age less than 34 weeks, in the final process of weaning from mechanical ventilation. Infants with malformation, genetic syndromes, neuromuscular diseases, tracheotomies and in the postoperative period of abdominal and thoracic surgery were excluded. Maximum inspiratory pressure measures were checked by a digital manometer; respiratory rate was visually observed during one minute and oxygen saturation was measured by a pulse oximeter in prone and supine postures. Kruskal-Wallis and Students t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were applied, being significant p<0.05. RESULTS: 45 infants with respiratory distress syndrome were evaluated. The mean gestational age was 30.4 weeks and the mean birth weight was 1522g. The oxygen saturation was higher in prone position (p<0.001). Values of maximum inspiratory pressure were lower in prone when compared to infants in the supine position (p<0.001).Respiratory rate was similar in the two studied positions (p=0.072). CONCLUSIONS: There was a lower inspiratory pressure and a higher oxygen saturation in prone position when compared to the supine one. Concerning the respiratory rate there was no variation between prone and supine position.OBJETIVO: Verificar a influencia do posicionamento do recem-nascido prematuro sobre a forca da musculatura respiratoria, oxigenacao e frequencia respiratoria. METODOS: Estudo transversal com amostra pareada de recem-nascidos com idade gestacional inferior a 34 semanas, intubados, em processo final de desmame de ventilacao mecânica. Foram excluidos aqueles com malformacoes, sindromes geneticas, doencas neuromusculares, traqueostomizados e em pos-operatorio de cirurgias abdominais ou toracicas. As medidas de pressao inspiratoria maxima foram aferidas utilizando-se manovacuometro digital; a frequencia respiratoria atraves da observacao das incursoes respiratorias das criancas em um minuto e a saturacao de oxigenio por oximetro, nas posturas prona e supino. Os testes estatisticos aplicados foram Kruskal-Wallis, o teste t de Student e o coeficiente de correlacao de Pearson, sendo significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram estudadas 45 criancas com sindrome do desconforto respiratorio. A idade gestacional media foi de 30,4 semanas e o peso medio ao nascer de 1522g. Os valores de saturacao de oxigenio foram mais elevados (p<0,001) e os de pressao inspiratoria maxima mais baixos (p<0,001) na posicao prona. Os valores de frequencia respiratoria foram semelhantes nas duas posicoes estudadas (p=0,072). CONCLUSOES: Observaram-se menores valores de pressao inspiratoria alem de aumento da saturacao de oxigenio na posicao prona quando comparada a supino. Em relacao a frequencia respiratoria, nao foi observada variacao entre as posturas prona e supino.