Fabiano de Oliveira Fortes

Promoção de enraizamento de microestacas de um clone de Eucalyptus sp. por Trichoderma spp.

The purpose of this research was to apply antagonistic isolates of fungi to induce microcutting rooting of an Eucalyptus sp. clone. One non-pathogenic isolate of Cylindrocladium spp. and three antagonistic isolates of Trichoderma spp (E15, S2 and St) were used for the microcutting rooting experiment. The latter gave better results in the antagonistic in vitro test using the method of direct confrontation against the pathogenic isolate of Cylindrocladium spp, being inoculated in the microcutting rooting substrate, in greenhouse conditions. Increase of microcutting survival was observed in the presence of isolates of Trichoderma spp. and Cylindrocladium spp. when compared with control in an environment naturally infested with Botrytis cinerea. The treatments with the isolates ST, E15 and S2 of Trichoderma spp. and Cyl of Cylindrocladium spp. increased the survival of Eucalyptus sp. microcuttings. The E15 isolate promoted a significant increase in the rooting percentage (62.25%) compared to the control treatment (28.77% ).

Period of permanence of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings in nursery based on morphological parameters

Even with the advance in seedling production techniques, many problems still remain to be solved, mainly in what refers to the expedition of seedlings from the vegetation house. This work aimed to verify the space variation of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings along time, to establish forms of expediting the seedlings from the vegetation house at the forest nursery of Santa Maria Federal University, RS. Thus, an experiment was set up consisting of four evaluations at 15 day intervals, with each repetition being divided into plots to determine the best form of expediting the seedlings from the vegetation house. A greater homogeneity was verified among the plots at 100 days after emergence (DAE), with the tray contents being divided into Border X Center, Front X Center X Bottom and quadrants and at115 DAE for the Right X Center X Left simulation, with the central plot presenting the best results. A significant variability was verified among the plots within the tray, and along time for the different plot simulations. At 100 DAE, homogeneity was obtained in all the variables for the simulated plots, such as Front X Center X Bottom, with the central plot being released at 100 DAE, while the others only at115 DAE.

Análise de trilha entre as variáveis das análises de sementes de espécies florestais exóticas do Rio Grande do Sul

Este trabalho teve por objetivo identificar as variaveis mais importantes na avaliacao da qualidade das sementes armazenadas de especies florestais exoticas no sul do Brasil. As informacoes relacionadas as analises de sementes das especies florestais exoticas foram obtidas no banco de dados do Centro de Pesquisas Florestais e Conservacao do Solo - FEPAGRO, Santa Maria, RS. Estimaram-se os coeficientes de trilha com as variaveis: pureza dos lotes, peso de mil sementes e porcentagens de umidade, de plântulas normais, de plântulas anormais e de sementes duras e mortas. A porcentagem de sementes mortas e a umidade das sementes armazenadas sao as determinacoes que mais influiram na porcentagem de plântulas normais das especies florestais exoticas no Rio Grande do Sul.

Análise da mortalidade de Acacia mearnsii De Wild.

The mortality probability of the Acacia mearnsii De Wild. stands was studied in permanent sample stratified at different spacings and site. The results allowed to conclude that the mortality can estimated with a probabilistic function in relation with the inverse of the diameter at breast height (d) and age (t): PM = {1+ EXP (-9,5593 . d -1 + 104,9543 . t -1 )} –1 . By the Pearson correlation of the mortality rate it was verified a high association with age, average diameter, average height, dominant height, basal area, volume and vital spacing. It was verified that the mortality is directly related to age, site quality and vital spacing in some periods of growth of the trees in the stand.

Limites de precaução e de controle em análises nutricionais de espécies florestais

The paper had as its objective to estimate the precaution limits and control for macro and micro nutrients, present in different components of the biomass, of Acacia mearnsii, Eucalyptus spp. and Pinus taeda. The 40,183 analyses were separated by chemical element, component and species. The limits with base in the results of the tests of adherence to the normal distribution and in the classification criteria were established. The results of the obtained medium tenors are inside of the strip of values found in the literature for the studied forest species, components of the biomass and chemical elements. The levels of the chemical elements are different among the species for each type of analyzed component. Independent of the studied forest species, the leaves and needles presented larger values while the buds trunk smaller. The limits, proposed in the work, allow greater control in the classification of the results, increasing the reliability in the nutritional analyses.

Presença dos gêneros Trichoderma e Fusarium em solo rizosférico e não rizosférico cultivado com tomateiro e pepineiro, em horta e estufa

For the adequate elaboration of biocontrol programs of soil borne pathogens, it is necessary to understand the distribution of pathogens and antagonists in this environment. This research was aimed at studing the presence of the fungi Trichoderma and Fusarium in rhizosphere and bulk soil, cultivated with tomato and cucumber, in vegetable garden and greenhouse, and to quantify the isolates of Fusarium spp. pathogenic to the crops. For that, in a vegetable garden and a greenhouse, 40 samples of rhizosphere (cucumber and tomato) and 20 of bulk soil were taken,. The soil suspensions were diluted and plated in PDA media and the fungi identified. After that, the test of pathogenicity of the isolates for tomato and cucumber found in the samples, was performed. For tomato and cucumber, in greenhouse, the number of sampling points with the presence of Trichoderma spp. in the rhizosphere (95 e 45%, respectively) was significantly greater than in the bulk soil (10%). In the bulk soil, the presence of Trichoderma spp. and Fusarium spp. differed significantly, being found, respectively, in 10 and 55% of the sampling points. In the pathogenicity test, 5 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum of tomato and 6 of cucumber were pathogenic to the respective crops. In greenhouse, Trichoderma spp. occurs more frequently in the rhizosphere, whereas Fusarium spp. is distributed in the soil and the majority of the Fusarium spp. isolates are neither pathogenic to tomato nor to cucumber.

Agrupamento em amostras de sementes de espécies florestais nativas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil

This research had the objectives of clustering, the most similar seeds matrixes by species, using the observed variables in analysis of seed samples of native forest species in the Center of Forest Researches and Conservation of the Soil, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, since 1997 up to March 2001. For the cluster analysis, all the species with four or more seed analysis by analyzed in collected lot, by the hierarchical complete method of the standardized euclidian medium distance as measured of similarity. The dendogram was constructed using the method of complete linkage. The technique of principal components for the reduction of the number of variables was also used. The gender Schinus sp. and the native species Cassia leptophylla Vogel., Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub., Cedrela fissilis Vell., Allophylus edulis (A. St.-Hil., Cambess. & A. Juss.) Radlk., Lafoensia pacari A. St. Hil., Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. e Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J. F. Macbr., were the species in which the third and fourth principal components explained 80% the existent variation of the data with the humidity and percentage of abnormal germination seedlings eliminated in the majority species and the percentage of normal germination seedlings and dead seeds found in all the groups . The cluster analysis was efficient in the separation of the groups of all the tested species and origin influenced a little in the formation.

Relações entre variáveis nas análises de sementes de espécies florestais nativas do Rio Grande do Sul

This research was aimed at determining which variables of seed analysis affects most stored seed quality of native species of Rio Grande do Sul State and verify its relationship with germination percentage of normal seeds. Data related to seed analysis of eight forest species were obtained from the State Foundation for Agricultural Research and a path coefficient analysis was conducted to obtain the relationship among purity of the lots, weight of a thousand seeds, humidity, percentage of normal and anormalous seedlings, firm and dead seeds obtained from batches stored in the laboratory. The percentage of normal seedling presented higher significant relationships with the variables weight of a thousand seeds, humidity and percentage of dead seeds.

WORKGEO: capacitação e motivação com uso de geotecnologias

As atividades academicas em que o carater teorico das disciplinas e elevado, muitas vezes sao massivas e pouco atraentes para os estudantes. Nesse sentido, o projeto WORKGEO foi criado e esta sendo executado com o objetivo de promover a capacitacao e motivacao de estudantes, egressos e profissionais na area de geotecnologias , atraves de cursos tecnicos focados e de cunho pratico. A metodologia foi/e consiste na avaliacao demandas, planejamento da frequencia e execucao de cursos. Como resultados, foram oferecidos ate o momento cinco cursos: Geoestatistica, SISVAR, ARCGIS, Modelagem de Biomassa Arborea e QGIS. Verificou-se uma demanda superior a oferta de 150 vagas. Esse resultado mostrou a importância das atividades praticas na motivacao e capacitacao