Fabio José Lourenço

Serological evidence of hantavirus infection in an urban area in Mato Grosso State, Brazil

INTRODUCTIONnIn Brazil, Mato Grosso (MT) has the highest number of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome cases. Our study aimed to identify anti-hantavirus antibodies in the sera of patients from Sinop, MT, presenting with acute febrile illness.nnnMETHODSnA retrospective analysis of data for 198 sera samples assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted.nnnRESULTSnImmunoglobulins G (IgGs) against the hantavirus nucleoprotein were found in 13.6% of the tested sera. No sample had immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies to hantavirus. Seropositivity occurred mainly in female residents in urban areas who worked around the household.nnnCONCLUSIONSnOur findings suggest circulation of hantavirus in Sinop.

Influence of low-stress handling on reactivity score and pregnancy rate during fixed-time artificial insemination in Nellore cows

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of low-stress handling (LSH) on reactivity score and pregnancy rate during fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) for extensively raised Nellore cows. Multiparous cows (n = 126) were randomly allocated into two groups: G1 (n = 66) and G2, the control group (n = 60). Group G1 was subjected to LSH, in which the animals were handled in a calm and quiet manner, without loud noises or physical aggression, using the point of balance, respecting the flight zone and using flags to supplement handling. Group G2 was handled following the typical procedure, with yelling, kicking and the use of electric prods and sticks. On D0, D8 and D10, FTAI was performed in both groups. Reactivity was scored on D0, D8 and D10 at the squeeze chute, based on the tension score, breathing score, and bellowing score. Using the three criteria above, the reactivity scores were defined as follows: R1 (calm); R2 (slightly reactive); R3 (moderately reactive); R4 (reactive); and R5 (highly reactive). Thirty-five days after artificial insemination, pregnancy was determined using ultrasonography. There was no significant correlation between reactivity score and pregnancy rate in each group or between the pregnancy rates in both groups. However, there was a statistically significant difference between the G1 and G2 groups with regard to reactivity score (1.62±0.05 vs. 2.12±0.07). Low-stress handling influenced reactivity but did not affect pregnancy rate in extensively raised Nellore cows subjected to FTAI.

DIGOXINA E VERAPAMIL INDUZEM HIPERTROFIA EM CARDIOMIÓCITOS DE RATOS SEDENTÁRIOS E/OU TREINADOS

Introduccion: Cardiotonicos y bloqueadores de los canales de calcio son farmacos que alteran el Ca2+ intracelular y afectan al corazon. Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos de la administracion de verapamilo y digoxina sobre la morfologia del corazon de ratas sometidas a entrenamiento a intervalos (EI). Metodos: Ratas Wistar macho, divididas en seis grupos (N = 8): Control, Digoxina (30,0 µg.kg-1/dia), Verapamilo (5,0 mg.kg-1/dia), Entrenado, Entrenado+digoxina y Entrenado+verapamilo. El entrenamiento a intervalos se realizo en una cinta de correr (60 min/dia/60 dias), con la administracion concomitante de farmacos. Se recogieron fragmentos del ventriculo izquierdo (VI) para el analisis histologico. Resultados: La digoxina y el verapamilo aumentaron el area total del VI (p < 0,002), capilares/area VI (p < 0,01) y el area de los cardiomiocitos (p < 2,8e-10) y, en esta ultima variable, el verapamilo promovio un efecto aun mayor que la digoxina. EI entrenamiento a intervalos aumento VI/PC (p < 4e-05), el diametro interior del VI (p < 2,7e-6), el area de los cardiomiocitos (p < 1,8e-6) y redujo el [Lac] (p < 2,6e-5). Hubo una interaccion entre farmacos y el EI en el area total (p < 9,8e-5), capilares (p<0,04), celulas/area (p < 0,004) y el area de los cardiomiocitos (p < 2e-16). Conclusion: La digoxina promovio la hipertrofia de los cardiomiocitos y, cuando al asociarse con el EI, potencio la hipertrofia. El verapamilo fue mas eficiente en el aumento de la zona de los cardiomiocitos en comparacion con la digoxina, pero solo de forma aislada.Introduction: Cardiotonics and calcium channel blockers are drugs that alter intracellular Ca2+ and can affect the heart. Objective: To evaluate the effects of administration of verapamil and digoxin on heart morphology of rats subjected to interval training (IT). Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into groups (n = 8): Control, Digoxin (30.0μg.kg-1/day), Verapamil (5.0 mg.kg-1/day), Trained, Trained+digoxin and Trained+verapamil. The IT was performed on a treadmill (60 min/day/60 days) concurrently with the drugs administration. Fragments of the left ventricle (LV) were collected for histological analysis. Results: Digoxin and verapamil increased the total area of the LV (p<0.002), capillary/LV area (p<0.01) and cardiomyocytes area (p<2.8e-10), and in the latter variable, verapamil promoted even greater effect than digoxin. The IT increased LV/BW (p<4e-05), the inner diameter of the LV (p<2.7e-6), the area of cardiomyocytes (p<1.8e-6), and reduced the [Lac] (p<2.6e-5). There was interaction between IT and drugs in the total area (p<9.8e-5), capillaries (p<0.04), cell/area (p<0.004) and cardiomyocytes area (p <2.0e-16). Conclusions: Digoxin promoted cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and when associated with IT, potentiated the hypertrophy. Verapamil was more efficient in increasing the cardiomyocytes area compared with digoxin, but only when isolated.

DIGOXINA Y VERAPAMILO INDUCEN HIPERTROFIA DE CARDIOMIOCITOS EN RATAS SEDENTARIAS Y/O ENTRENADAS

Introduccion: Cardiotonicos y bloqueadores de los canales de calcio son farmacos que alteran el Ca2+ intracelular y afectan al corazon. Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos de la administracion de verapamilo y digoxina sobre la morfologia del corazon de ratas sometidas a entrenamiento a intervalos (EI). Metodos: Ratas Wistar macho, divididas en seis grupos (N = 8): Control, Digoxina (30,0 µg.kg-1/dia), Verapamilo (5,0 mg.kg-1/dia), Entrenado, Entrenado+digoxina y Entrenado+verapamilo. El entrenamiento a intervalos se realizo en una cinta de correr (60 min/dia/60 dias), con la administracion concomitante de farmacos. Se recogieron fragmentos del ventriculo izquierdo (VI) para el analisis histologico. Resultados: La digoxina y el verapamilo aumentaron el area total del VI (p < 0,002), capilares/area VI (p < 0,01) y el area de los cardiomiocitos (p < 2,8e-10) y, en esta ultima variable, el verapamilo promovio un efecto aun mayor que la digoxina. EI entrenamiento a intervalos aumento VI/PC (p < 4e-05), el diametro interior del VI (p < 2,7e-6), el area de los cardiomiocitos (p < 1,8e-6) y redujo el [Lac] (p < 2,6e-5). Hubo una interaccion entre farmacos y el EI en el area total (p < 9,8e-5), capilares (p<0,04), celulas/area (p < 0,004) y el area de los cardiomiocitos (p < 2e-16). Conclusion: La digoxina promovio la hipertrofia de los cardiomiocitos y, cuando al asociarse con el EI, potencio la hipertrofia. El verapamilo fue mas eficiente en el aumento de la zona de los cardiomiocitos en comparacion con la digoxina, pero solo de forma aislada.Introduction: Cardiotonics and calcium channel blockers are drugs that alter intracellular Ca2+ and can affect the heart. Objective: To evaluate the effects of administration of verapamil and digoxin on heart morphology of rats subjected to interval training (IT). Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into groups (n = 8): Control, Digoxin (30.0μg.kg-1/day), Verapamil (5.0 mg.kg-1/day), Trained, Trained+digoxin and Trained+verapamil. The IT was performed on a treadmill (60 min/day/60 days) concurrently with the drugs administration. Fragments of the left ventricle (LV) were collected for histological analysis. Results: Digoxin and verapamil increased the total area of the LV (p<0.002), capillary/LV area (p<0.01) and cardiomyocytes area (p<2.8e-10), and in the latter variable, verapamil promoted even greater effect than digoxin. The IT increased LV/BW (p<4e-05), the inner diameter of the LV (p<2.7e-6), the area of cardiomyocytes (p<1.8e-6), and reduced the [Lac] (p<2.6e-5). There was interaction between IT and drugs in the total area (p<9.8e-5), capillaries (p<0.04), cell/area (p<0.004) and cardiomyocytes area (p <2.0e-16). Conclusions: Digoxin promoted cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and when associated with IT, potentiated the hypertrophy. Verapamil was more efficient in increasing the cardiomyocytes area compared with digoxin, but only when isolated.

DIGOXIN AND VERAPAMIL PROMOTE CARDIOMYOCYTE HYPERTROPHY IN SEDENTARY AND/OR TRAINED RATS

Introduccion: Cardiotonicos y bloqueadores de los canales de calcio son farmacos que alteran el Ca2+ intracelular y afectan al corazon. Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos de la administracion de verapamilo y digoxina sobre la morfologia del corazon de ratas sometidas a entrenamiento a intervalos (EI). Metodos: Ratas Wistar macho, divididas en seis grupos (N = 8): Control, Digoxina (30,0 µg.kg-1/dia), Verapamilo (5,0 mg.kg-1/dia), Entrenado, Entrenado+digoxina y Entrenado+verapamilo. El entrenamiento a intervalos se realizo en una cinta de correr (60 min/dia/60 dias), con la administracion concomitante de farmacos. Se recogieron fragmentos del ventriculo izquierdo (VI) para el analisis histologico. Resultados: La digoxina y el verapamilo aumentaron el area total del VI (p < 0,002), capilares/area VI (p < 0,01) y el area de los cardiomiocitos (p < 2,8e-10) y, en esta ultima variable, el verapamilo promovio un efecto aun mayor que la digoxina. EI entrenamiento a intervalos aumento VI/PC (p < 4e-05), el diametro interior del VI (p < 2,7e-6), el area de los cardiomiocitos (p < 1,8e-6) y redujo el [Lac] (p < 2,6e-5). Hubo una interaccion entre farmacos y el EI en el area total (p < 9,8e-5), capilares (p<0,04), celulas/area (p < 0,004) y el area de los cardiomiocitos (p < 2e-16). Conclusion: La digoxina promovio la hipertrofia de los cardiomiocitos y, cuando al asociarse con el EI, potencio la hipertrofia. El verapamilo fue mas eficiente en el aumento de la zona de los cardiomiocitos en comparacion con la digoxina, pero solo de forma aislada.Introduction: Cardiotonics and calcium channel blockers are drugs that alter intracellular Ca2+ and can affect the heart. Objective: To evaluate the effects of administration of verapamil and digoxin on heart morphology of rats subjected to interval training (IT). Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into groups (n = 8): Control, Digoxin (30.0μg.kg-1/day), Verapamil (5.0 mg.kg-1/day), Trained, Trained+digoxin and Trained+verapamil. The IT was performed on a treadmill (60 min/day/60 days) concurrently with the drugs administration. Fragments of the left ventricle (LV) were collected for histological analysis. Results: Digoxin and verapamil increased the total area of the LV (p<0.002), capillary/LV area (p<0.01) and cardiomyocytes area (p<2.8e-10), and in the latter variable, verapamil promoted even greater effect than digoxin. The IT increased LV/BW (p<4e-05), the inner diameter of the LV (p<2.7e-6), the area of cardiomyocytes (p<1.8e-6), and reduced the [Lac] (p<2.6e-5). There was interaction between IT and drugs in the total area (p<9.8e-5), capillaries (p<0.04), cell/area (p<0.004) and cardiomyocytes area (p <2.0e-16). Conclusions: Digoxin promoted cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and when associated with IT, potentiated the hypertrophy. Verapamil was more efficient in increasing the cardiomyocytes area compared with digoxin, but only when isolated.

Ocorrência de hematomas em carcaças de bovinos transportados por duas distâncias

O objetivo foi determinar a ocorrencia de hematomas em carcacas de bovinos transportados por duas distâncias e abatidos no norte do estado do Mato Grosso. Foram avaliados 624 bovinos machos de 30 a 36 meses oriundos de distâncias variadas ate o frigorifico, sendo 352 animais oriundos de distâncias menores que 200km e 272 animais transportados por mais de 200km. Para avaliacao dos hematomas nas carcacas, seguiu-se o criterio descrito pela AUS-MEAT (2005), sendo as lesoes classificadas de acordo com a sua localizacao na carcaca (traseiro, dianteiro ou costado). A relacao de hematomas por grupo aumentou com a maior distância de transporte, sendo 43,75% e 95.58% de animais com hematomas para distâncias menores e maiores que 200 km, respectivamente. Quando analisada a regiao do hematoma, verificou-se 7,6 e 17,6 observacoes na regiao do dianteiro (P= 0,035) e 30,6 e 101,0 observacoes na regiao do traseiro (P=0,009) para distâncias menores e maiores que 200km, respectivamente. Portanto, a distância do transporte de bovinos ate o abate teve influencia sobre a quantidade de hematomas apresentados, principalmente na regiao do traseiro.