Felipe Garcia Ribeiro

O Impacto das Regras do Programa Bolsa Família sobre a Fecundidade das Beneficiárias

Este trabalho investiga um possivel incentivo do Programa Bolsa Familia ao aumento da fecundidade de suas beneficiarias em decorrencia de suas regras, dado que a quantidade de recursos transferidos depende do numero de filhos da familia. O diferencial deste estudo reside na analise desse impacto em um maior periodo de exposicao das beneficiarias aos efeitos do PBF. Aplica-se o algoritmo de selecao de covariadas proposto por Imbens (2014) e o metodo de Propensity Score Matching. Os resultados apontaram que o PBF gera pequeno incentivo a geracao do segundo filho, sendo que as regioes Centro-Oeste e Nordeste apresentaram os maiores valores de impacto.

Social Mobility and Mental Disorders at 30 Years of Age in Participants of the 1982 Cohort, Pelotas, Rio Grande Do Sul - RS.

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mental disorders at 30 years of age and social mobility by formally testing three hypotheses: Risk Accumulation; Critical Period; and Social Mobility. The study was performed using data from the 30-year follow-up of the Pelotas Birth Cohort Study, conducted in 1982, and data from previous follow-ups. The tool used to evaluate mental health was the Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20). For the statistical analysis, the chi-square test with the Yates correction was used to estimate the prevalence of mental disorder, and the Poisson regression with robust variance was used to formally test the hypotheses according to the Risk Accumulation, Critical Period and Social Mobility Models. The analyses were stratified by gender. The prevalence of Common Mental Disorders (CMDs) was 24.3% (95% CI 22.9–25.7) when the whole sample was considered. The highest prevalence, 27.1% (95% CI 25.1–29.2), was found in women, and the difference between genders was significant (p < 0.001). CMDs were more frequent in participants who remained “poor” in the three follow-ups. In both men and women, the best fit was obtained with the Risk Accumulation Model, with p = 0.6348 and p = 0.2105, respectively. The results indicate the need to rethink public income maintenance policies. Finally, we suggest further studies to investigate the role of different public policies in decreasing the prevalence of mental disorders and thus contribute proposals of new policies that may contribute to the prevention of these disorders.

Pai pobre, filho pobre? Uma análise da mobilidade intergeracional de renda na coorte de nascimentos de 1982, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

O Brasil e apontado como um dos paises com as menores mobilidades intergeracionais de renda do mundo. O principal objetivo do artigo e analisar a mobilidade intergeracional de renda na coorte de nascimentos de 1982 em Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. Sao utilizados dois metodos de estimacao: elasticidade intergeracional de renda e regressoes quantilicas para mensuracao de possiveis heterogeneidades na mobilidade intergeracional em funcao dos diferentes niveis de renda dos pais no passado. Os resultados mostram uma mobilidade intergeracional de renda relativamente alta para os padroes brasileiros. A explicacao reside, sobretudo, no fato de terem sido usados dados de renda dos filhos em idade jovem, em torno de 23 anos. As analises das regressoes quantilicas indicam que a maior mobilidade social acontece nas camadas sociais intermediarias. Os resultados encontrados reforcam a existencia de dois polos opostos de armadilhas: armadilha da pobreza e da riqueza.

How does the public and private university environment affect students’ entrepreneurial intention?

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the causal links between public and private university environments and the entrepreneurial intention (EI) of students. Design/methodology/approach The impact of different university environments on the students’ EI was checked using a model adapted from Krueger et al. (2000). The study comprised a sample of students enrolled in business administration from three public and three private universities at first semester (freshmen) and at the last two semesters (senior) in Brazil. The model was measured through various questions and later assessed by principal component analysis to build constructs. Via t-test and path analysis the EI and the antecedents were subjected to a comparative analysis to test the equality of the models across the four categories emerged. Findings The two main types of Brazilian university environments (public and private) do not present significant differences in the way they influence EI and its antecedents. Both the tests of means and the tests of measurement of the structural relations between constructs confirm this finding with only a few exceptions. The result of this study is opposed to other studies carried out in Brazil, by showing that the public university environment is not worse for the entrepreneurship than the private. The environmental effects are mostly equal and they as a whole are not conducive to the development of EI. Research limitations/implications The study comprises business students only, and enrolled on regular universities. It is worth highlighting that evidence was brought to the debate for a group of universities in Brazil. Replicating the study with students from other areas and other universities, as well as students in Master’s and Doctorate programs could enrich the analyses. Practical implications This study provides insight into entrepreneurship education, as to which the university environment is conducive to the entrepreneurship. It brings insights for the development of entrepreneurial universities. Originality/value This study contributes to understanding the differences between the public and private universities environment regarding students’ EI.

Poor dad, poor child? An investigation of intergenerational income mobility in the 1982 Birth Cohort in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

O Brasil e apontado como um dos paises com as menores mobilidades intergeracionais de renda do mundo. O principal objetivo do artigo e analisar a mobilidade intergeracional de renda na coorte de nascimentos de 1982 em Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. Sao utilizados dois metodos de estimacao: elasticidade intergeracional de renda e regressoes quantilicas para mensuracao de possiveis heterogeneidades na mobilidade intergeracional em funcao dos diferentes niveis de renda dos pais no passado. Os resultados mostram uma mobilidade intergeracional de renda relativamente alta para os padroes brasileiros. A explicacao reside, sobretudo, no fato de terem sido usados dados de renda dos filhos em idade jovem, em torno de 23 anos. As analises das regressoes quantilicas indicam que a maior mobilidade social acontece nas camadas sociais intermediarias. Os resultados encontrados reforcam a existencia de dois polos opostos de armadilhas: armadilha da pobreza e da riqueza.

Avaliação de Impacto das Assistências Técnicas do Sistema S no Mercado de Trabalho

Este artigo analisa o efeito da prestacao de servicos de assistencia tecnica pelo Sistema S sobre indicadores de mercado de trabalho de microempreendedores usando dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicilios de 2014. A estrategia empirica empregada foi a estimacao de modelos de escore de propensao aplicados a amostras complexas. Os resultados mostram que receber assistencia aumenta a probabilidade de formalizacao dos negocios e a demanda por credito, bem como tem impactos positivos sobre jornada de trabalho e salarios dos individuos. Estas evidencias podem fundamentar as discussoes sobre a contribuicao do Sistema S para o mercado de trabalho brasileiro.

Effects of Software Piracy on Economic Growth

This study investigates the effects of software piracy on economic growth around the world for the years 2000 to 2014, using panel data structure with fixed effects to capture this relationship, plus year dummies. Our findings suggest, in general, that software piracy has a negative impact on growth and that this relationship seems to be non-linear.

An empirical assessment of the Healthy Early Childhood Program in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

We investigate the effect of a family-based primary health care program (Healthly Early Childhood Program) on infant mortality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. We estimate infant mortalitys counterfactual trajectories using the differences-in-differences approach, combined with the use of longitudinal data for all municipalities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Our main result is that the program reduced the number of deaths caused by external causes. The length of exposure to the program seems to potentiate the effects. For the number of deaths by general causes, there is no evidence of impact. Our findings are consistent with the nature of the program that aims to improve adults care with children. The Healthly Early Childhood Program is effective in reducing the number of avoidable deaths in infants.

Programa Bolsa Família e Geração “Nem-Nem”: Evidências para o Brasil

O presente estudo investiga a relacao entre o Programa Bolsa Familia e a probabilidade de que jovens adultos entre 18 e 29 anos pertencam a geracao “nem-nem”. Para atingir este objetivo, e construido um modelo teorico que considera os microfundamentos da escolha do beneficiario entre trabalho, lazer e estudo. Empiricamente, utiliza-se os dados do Censo Demografico de 2010 combinados com a estrategia metodologica de Imbens (2015) e o metodo Propensity Score Matching. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o Programa Bolsa Familia reduz a probabilidade de que os jovens sejam “nem-nem”.

Is there a trade-off between supervision and wage? Evidence from a metal mechanical firm in southern Brazil

The objective of this work was to test the existence of a trade-off between supervision and wages in a metal mechanical firm in Southern Brazil. The methodology used to assess the effects on productivity and the worker efficiency was the differences-in-differences estimator. Evaluating the results, it was found that with increased supervision, there was an increase in productivity ranging between 13.5% and 26.8%. Therefore, with increased productivity, the company has to choose between increasing the level of supervision, at a cost of US