Felipe Leonardo Koller

Nova pipeta para inseminação intra-uterina em suínos

The aim of this work was to evaluate the reproductive performance of 423 sows of 1 to 9 farrowings inseminated with two different intrauterine artificial insemination (IAU) pipettes. The first group (T1) was formed by sows inseminated with a new pipette whose extremity was not fixed in the cervix. The second group (T2) was formed by sows inseminated with a Verona® pipette model, with its extremity fixed in the cervix. The degree of difficulty to perform the insemination, the time spent during the insemination, the presence of blood after insemination and of semen backflow during insemination were considered for the comparison of these pipettes. Return to oestrus rate (RO), pregnancy rate (PR), adjusted farrowing rate (AFR) and total litter size (TLS) were also evaluated. All females were inseminated with 1 billion spermatozoa per dose applied at intervals of 24 hours. The catheter of IAU was successfully inserted in 95.9% of females without difference between treatments (P>0.05). The presence of blood, in at least one insemination, was observed in 20.6% of T1 and 15.2% of T2 females (P=0.14). The average time to perform the insemination was 2.1 minutes for T1 and 2.3 minutes for T2 females (P=0.26). The percentage of females with semen backflow was significantly higher (P=0.01) in T1 (8.4%) compared to T2 (2.9%) group. There were no differences (P>0.05) in RO (8.0% and 4.8%), PR (93.4% and 96.2%) and TLS (12.4 and 12.7 piglets) between T1 and T2 groups, respectively. AFR of T1 (90.6%) tended (P=0.07) to be lower than that of T2 (95.1%). Primiparous females of T1 showed higher RO and lower AFR in comparison to pluriparous (P<0.05). The results indicate that the new pipette can be used

Desempenho reprodutivo de fêmeas suínas submetidas à inseminação artificial intra-uterina ou à tradicional

A total of 298 Camborough 22® sows was distributed in two treatments: T1 (n=154): intrauterine insemination (IUI) with 0.5 billion sperms in 20ml total volume; T2 (n=144): traditional insemination (TAI) with 3.0 billion sperms in 90ml total volume. It was possible to perform the IUI in 98.1% of sows. It was observed presence of blood on the catheter tip or pipete in 8.4% of IUI sows. The pregnancy (PR) and adjusted farrowing rates did not differ (P>0.05) among treatments. Litter size (LS) differ among treatments (P<0.05), being observed a reduction of 0.8 piglet in IUI. The blood presence in the IUI did not affect the PR significantly, but resulted in a reduction of 2.6 piglets per litter.

Associação entre otites bacterianas e infecção pelo circovírus suíno tipo 2 (PCV2) em suínos

The occurrence and bacteriology of purulent otitis in groups of pigs affected by three different clinical conditions are described: postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), depressed growth (attrition) and normal growth (control). A total of 385 animals, 60-130 days of age, were examined. Diagnosis of PMWS was confirmed by the presence of clinical signs and pathological findings compatible with the disease, and through detection of viral antigens in tissues by immunohistochemistry. From 242 pigs with PMWS, 57 (23.5%) showed purulent lesions in the middle ear. Among 119 pigs with attrition, only 1 (0.7%) presented the lesion. In 24 control pigs, middle ear lesions were not detected. The most frequently isolated agents from the lesions were Arcanobacterium pyogenes (43%), a-hemolytic Streptococci (37.2%) and Pasteurella multocida (27.9 %) out of 86 materials. The frequent occurrence of purulent lesions in the middle ear of PMWS affected pigs suggests that PCV2 infection may increase the susceptibility to bacterial otitis. The low occurrence of this disease in piglets with attrition suggests that otitis does not represent a significant cause for depressed growth in pigs from growing and finishing age. The isolation of A. pyogenes, a-hemolytic Streptococci and P. multocida from most of the lesions emphasizes the importance of these organisms as causal agents of otitis media in swine.

Abscessos dentários periapicais em leitões com síndrome multissistêmica do definhamento

Swine producers have historically resected needle teeth of newborn pigs to prevent potential injuries to the sow mammary gland and faces of littermates. However, the possible impact of this practice on pig performance has been questioned. As part of a study, 280 PMWS affected piglets, with 40-70 days of age, were examined for the presence of dental lesions immediately after euthanasia. Most pigs were confirmed as PMWS by the detection of typical microscopic lesions and immunohistochemical pattern. At least one periapical abscess was observed in 58 piglets (20.7%), of which 12 had multiple abscesses. There were 22 (31.4%), 16 (22.9%), 4 (5.7%), 23 (32.9%), and 5 (7.1%) abscesses in 3rd upper incisives, 3rd lower incisives, upper canines, lower canines, and other teeth, respectively. The higher prevalence of dental abscesses observed in 3rd incisives and lower canines is probably associated with the wider area of grinding or clipping to which these teeth were subjected. Among bacteria isolated from samples collected from 65 abscesses, Streptococcus sp. was the most prevalent bacteria and was present in 21.48% and 27.7% of the aerobic and anaerobic isolates, respectively. In the second most frequent group were coryneform microorganisms, which showed higher rate of isolation under anaerobic atmosphere than in aerobic culture. There was preponderance of Gram-positive isolates. It could not be determined whether these bacterial co-infections predisposed pigs to development of PMWS-type lesions or if were subsequent to the PCV2 infection.