Felismina Rosa Parreira Mendes

Active ageing: A right or a duty?

Abstract It was in the developed countries that the increase in the ageing of the population began, though it has evolved most markedly in the developing countries in recent years. It is estimated that global ageing in the 21st Century will result in a substantial increase in demand for social, economic and health solutions all over the world, at unsustainable costs for future generations. Active ageing emerges today as a concept that, according to the World Health Organisation, reflects the importance of psychological, psychosocial and social factors when devising intervention to foster adaptation to ageing. WHO considers the word active to mean ongoing participation in social, economic, cultural, spiritual and civic issues and not just a person’s ability to be physically active or continue to work. Social, demographic, financial and political incentives to bear the costs of longevity have sanctioned and consolidated the paradigm of active ageing, which, anchored in its social utility, has gradually become compulsory. The discussion of the assumptions underlying this paradigm brings us to this analysis, which conducts critical reflection on the current concept of active ageing and the way in which this concept is understood and implemented in the political, economic and social sphere. The conclusion is that the ideology of people’s obligation and implicit responsibility makes active ageing compulsory and an exclusion practice to which only a few have access. We also find that critical sociological analysis has failed to address this issue.

Changes in patients' quality of life with venous ulcers treated at the outpatient clinic of a university hospital

Objective: to verify changes in the quality of life (QL) of clinic patients with venous ulcers (VU) in the clinic of a University Hospital in Natal city/RN, Northeast of Brazil. Method: this is about a cross-sectional, descriptive study, from quantitative approach, conducted with 50 patients with VU treated at the vascular clinic of a university hospital in Natal / RN. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the UFRN (No. 279/09). Data collection was performed in two months by implementing means of a structured form concerning data of socio-demographic, health, clinical and care of the patient. The data were categorized in the Microsoft Excel and processed by SPSS 15.0 by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: the respondents have experienced discrimination of society, showed changes in quality of life after the occurrence of ulcer in relation to leisure and pain; social restriction; education and transportation; employment restrictions, financial and social progression; physical appearance and discrimination; restriction of home activity. By comparing these changes with the time of injury, it was observed that the time of injury influences the change in QL (ρ = 0.000). Conclusion: Identified that several socio-demographic factors, clinical and care are influenced by UV, reflecting on the QL of patients. Thus, denoting that the more chronic the injury is more negative changes occur in their QL. Descriptors: quality of life; venous ulcers; nursing.

As representações dos usuários sobre a doença crônica e a prática educativa

Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa realizada no periodo de outubro de 2008 a marco de 2009 com 45 usuarios maiores de 60 anos de uma unidade de saude, com o objetivo de identificar as representacoes dos usuarios sobre a doenca cronica. A obtencao das representacoes da doenca foi feita por meio de entrevistas e, apos foram realizadas tres reunioes em grupo, com a media de oito usuarios cada. Desta etapa participaram 24 usuarios, e os temas oriundos dos discursos foram os seguintes: “A chegada da doenca: fatores explicativos”, “O misterio das transformacoes corporais: obrigatoriedade de mudar” e “A importância de aprender e partilhar experiencias”. Os participantes reconhecem os fatores ligados ao aparecimento da doenca e de suas incumbencias, as transformacoes necessarias para continuar vivendo e para postergar complicacoes valorizam a troca de experiencias mediante o dialogo nas atividades educativas.

Percepção do suporte familiar em idosos de baixa renda e fatores associados

This study aims to identify the perception of family support among low-income elderly and associated factors. It is crosssectional study with a sample of 235 elderly residents of Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. The instrument consisted of: demographics and health; Mini-Mental State Examination, Barthel Index, and Perceived Family Support Inventory. Statistical analysis was performed with a p<0.05 level of significance, upon completion of the Chi-Square. There was a statistically significant difference between the averages for Consistency-affection domain and presence of consequences variables (p=0.042) and impairment of basic daily living activities (p=0.033); and between Family-adaptation domain averages and illiterate education levels (p=0.012); and between the Autonomy domain and married state variables (p=0.013), completion of treatment (p=0.032), and impairment of basic daily living activities (p=0.011). Thus, it is evident that most seniors tested showed impaired perception of family support. DESCRIPTORS: Elderly health. Daily activities. Socioeconomic factors. Family PERCEPCIÓN DEL APOYO FAMILIAR A ANCIANOS DE BAJOS INGRESOS Y FACTORES ASOCIADOS RESUMEN: Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar la percepción del apoyo familiar a ancianos de bajos ingresos y los factores asociados. Es un estudio transversal con una muestra de 235 ancianos residentes en Jequié, Bahia, Brasil. El instrumento consiste en: datos demográficos y de salud, Mini Examen del Estado Mental, índice de Barthel y el Inventario de Percepción de Apoyo a la Familia. El análisis estadístico se realizó con un nivel de significación p<0,05, mediante prueba de Chi-cuadrado. Se verifican diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las medias del dominio Afectividad-Consistencia y las variables de presencia de secuelas (p=0,042) y discapacidad en las actividades de la vida diaria (p=0,033), entre las medias del domino Adaptación-familiar y el nivel de escolarización analfabetos (p=0,012), y entre el dominio Autonomía y las variables estado civil casado (p=0,013), la finalización del tratamiento (p=0,032) y la discapacidad en las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (p=0,011). Por lo tanto, es evidente que la mayoría de los pacientes de edad avanzada mostraron alteración en la percepción del apoyo familiar. DESCRIPTORES: Salud del anciano. Actividades cotidianas. Factores socioeconómicos. Familia. * 3o lugar – Prêmio Maricel Manfredi.This study aims to identify the perception of family support among low-income elderly and associated factors. It is cross-sectional study with a sample of 235 elderly residents of Jequie, Bahia, Brazil. The instrument consisted of: demographics and health; Mini-Mental State Examination, Barthel Index, and Perceived Family Support Inventory. Statistical analysis was performed with a p<0.05 level of significance, upon completion of the Chi-Square. There was a statistically significant difference between the averages for Consistency-affection domain and presence of consequences variables (p=0.042) and impairment of basic daily living activities (p=0.033); and between Family-adaptation domain averages and illiterate education levels (p=0.012); and between the Autonomy domain and married state variables (p=0.013), completion of treatment (p=0.032), and impairment of basic daily living activities (p=0.011). Thus, it is evident that most seniors tested showed impaired perception of family support.This study aims to identify the perception of family support among low-income elderly and associated factors. It is crosssectional study with a sample of 235 elderly residents of Jequie, Bahia, Brazil. The instrument consisted of: demographics and health; Mini-Mental State Examination, Barthel Index, and Perceived Family Support Inventory. Statistical analysis was performed with a p<0.05 level of significance, upon completion of the Chi-Square. There was a statistically significant difference between the averages for Consistency-affection domain and presence of consequences variables (p=0.042) and impairment of basic daily living activities (p=0.033); and between Family-adaptation domain averages and illiterate education levels (p=0.012); and between the Autonomy domain and married state variables (p=0.013), completion of treatment (p=0.032), and impairment of basic daily living activities (p=0.011). Thus, it is evident that most seniors tested showed impaired perception of family support. DESCRIPTORS: Elderly health. Daily activities. Socioeconomic factors. Family PERCEPCION DEL APOYO FAMILIAR A ANCIANOS DE BAJOS INGRESOS Y FACTORES ASOCIADOS RESUMEN: Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar la percepcion del apoyo familiar a ancianos de bajos ingresos y los factores asociados. Es un estudio transversal con una muestra de 235 ancianos residentes en Jequie, Bahia, Brasil. El instrumento consiste en: datos demograficos y de salud, Mini Examen del Estado Mental, indice de Barthel y el Inventario de Percepcion de Apoyo a la Familia. El analisis estadistico se realizo con un nivel de significacion p<0,05, mediante prueba de Chi-cuadrado. Se verifican diferencias estadisticamente significativas entre las medias del dominio Afectividad-Consistencia y las variables de presencia de secuelas (p=0,042) y discapacidad en las actividades de la vida diaria (p=0,033), entre las medias del domino Adaptacion-familiar y el nivel de escolarizacion analfabetos (p=0,012), y entre el dominio Autonomia y las variables estado civil casado (p=0,013), la finalizacion del tratamiento (p=0,032) y la discapacidad en las actividades basicas de la vida diaria (p=0,011). Por lo tanto, es evidente que la mayoria de los pacientes de edad avanzada mostraron alteracion en la percepcion del apoyo familiar. DESCRIPTORES: Salud del anciano. Actividades cotidianas. Factores socioeconomicos. Familia. * 3o lugar – Premio Maricel Manfredi.

Dinâmicas atuais da enfermagem em Portugal: a representação dos enfermeiros

Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, com o objetivo de identificar as representacoes dos enfermeiros acerca das dinâmicas atuais da profissao, os marcos de sua evolucao e as perspectivas futuras, realizada com vinte enfermeiros de Evora-Portugal, em abril/ maio de 2009, atraves de testemunhos narrativos. A formacao ao longo dos anos e a Ordem dos Enfermeiros foram representadas como pilares centrais na construcao da identidade profissional. A autonomia integra o cotidiano de cuidados, mas as questoes hegemonicas de poder na equipe de saude continuam a pautar a atuacao dos enfermeiros e a balizar o seu auto e heterorreconhecimento profissional e social. As perspectivas futuras se direcionam para a empregabilidade, carreira e se consubstanciam na esperanca de uns e na incerteza de outros.

Avaliação de saúde e da dor no pós-operatório de idosos submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca

The aim of the present study was to assess health and pain among elderly patients with coronary heart disease who had been submitted to cardiac surgery. This is a prospective analytical study with a cross-sectional design and quantitative approach. The data was collected from a physical therapy assessment chart and the numerical pain scale involving 70 elderly individuals who underwent cardiac surgery at two hospitals in Natal, RN, Brazil. The most frequent age range was between 60 and 69 years (61.43%), 62.86% of whom were men. With respect to health conditions, 61.43% of the elderly presented pre-existing pathologies, the most common of which was systemic arterial hypertension (31.40%). Pain behavior was modest on the 1st and 3rd and mild on the 2nd and 4th days after operation. Most of the elderly submitted to cardiac surgery were men at the onset of old age who presented pre-existing pathologies, the most frequent of which was hypertension and with predominantly moderate pain intensity

Current dynamics of nursing in Portugal: nurses' representations

Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, com o objetivo de identificar as representacoes dos enfermeiros acerca das dinâmicas atuais da profissao, os marcos de sua evolucao e as perspectivas futuras, realizada com vinte enfermeiros de Evora-Portugal, em abril/ maio de 2009, atraves de testemunhos narrativos. A formacao ao longo dos anos e a Ordem dos Enfermeiros foram representadas como pilares centrais na construcao da identidade profissional. A autonomia integra o cotidiano de cuidados, mas as questoes hegemonicas de poder na equipe de saude continuam a pautar a atuacao dos enfermeiros e a balizar o seu auto e heterorreconhecimento profissional e social. As perspectivas futuras se direcionam para a empregabilidade, carreira e se consubstanciam na esperanca de uns e na incerteza de outros.

The quality of life of elderly’s chronic disease sufferers: qualitative-quantitative research

It objectified to evaluate the perception of quality of life as well as its representations for 45 users, over 60 years of age from a health unit by means of a qualitative-quantitative research study where it was used a reduced instrument by the World Health Organization. The physical, psychological domains, social relations and environment were tested with variables for age, sex, religion and daily activities. Being healthy was represented by “being healthy and willing to work”, “keeping social insertions” and “having religious support”. Quality of life was considered very good and represented by the themes: “social relations, insertions and health”, “financial independence” and “spirituality and longevity”. There was statistical difference in the physical domain for the ones under 70 years old, catholic, and in the social domain for the independent in daily activities. The results may be helpful to ground nursing actions for the improvement of these clients’ quality of life.

Utilization the SF-36 in the assessment of quality of life related to chronic diseases: literature review

ABSTRACT Objective : identify in the Brazilian scientific literature, the utilization of the SF-36 in assessing the quality of life related to chronic diseases. Method : this is a literature systematic review study, conducted in October 2009, in the databases of BIREME using the descriptors quality of life (QL) and chronic diseases, being selected one study in BDENF and three in LILACS. In the database Google Scholar were selected 20, using as descriptors quality of life, chronic diseases and SF-36. Inclusion criteria were: studies published from 2004 to 2009, held in Brazil, available in full text and free access. The results will be presented in table form. Results : of the 24 items surveyed, 83.3% were located in Scholar Google, 12.5% in LILACS and 4.2% in BDENF. Articles predominated (79.2%) in the year 2008 (29.2%), the journal of Arquivos de Neuropsiquiatria was the most raised the issue (16.7%), chronic illness was the most discussed renal chronic disease. Conclusion : the SF-36, despite being a tool to evaluate changes in QL in the last 4 weeks has been applied to diseases with chronic obtaining satisfactory results. Descriptors : quality of life; chronic diseases; a literature review. RESUMO Objetivo : Identificar na literatura cientifica nacional a utilizacao do SF-36 na avaliacao da qualidade de vida relacionada a doencas cronicas. Metodo : revisao de literatura realizada em outubro de 2009, nas bases de dados da BIREME utilizando os descritores qualidade de vida (QV) e doencas cronicas, sendo selecionado um estudo na BDENF e tres na LILACS. Na base de dados Google Academico foram selecionados 20 estudos, usando como descritores qualidade de vida, doencas cronicas e SF-36. Os criterios de inclusao foram: estudos publicados no periodo de 2004 a 2009, realizados no Brasil, disponivel em texto completo e de acesso livre. Os resultados serao apresentados em forma de tabela. Resultados : dos 24 artigos pesquisados, 83,3% estava localizado no Google academico, 12,5% no LILACS e 4,2% na BDENF. Predominaram artigos (79,2%), no ano de 2008 (29,2%); o periodico Arquivos de Neuropsiquiatria foi o que mais abordou o tema (16,7%), a doenca cronica mais abordada foi a insuficiencia renal cronica (29,2%) e quanto a aplicabilidade, a maioria (58,3%) nao relatou dificuldades. Conclusao : o SF-36, apesar de ser um instrumento que avalie as alteracoes na QV nas ultimas 4 semanas tem sido aplicado para doencas com carater cronico obtendo resultados satisfatorios. Descritores : qualidade de vida; doencas cronicas; revisao de literatura. RESUMEN Objetivo : identificar en la literatura cientifica brasilena, el uso del SF-36 para evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con las enfermedades cronicas. Metodo : revision de la literatura realizada en octubre de 2009, las bases de datos indexados usando palabras clave de la calidad de vida (CV) y enfermedades cronicas, siendo seleccionada 1 estudio en la BDENF y 3 en el LILACS. En la base de datos Google Scholar, fueron seleccionados 20 estudios, con los descriptores calidad de vida, enfermedades cronicas y SF-36. Los criterios de inclusion fueron: estudios publicados desde 2004 hasta 2009, realizada en Brasil, disponible en texto completo y acceso libre. Los resultados se presentan en forma tabular. Resultados : de los 24 articulos de la encuesta, 83,3% estaban localizados en Google Academico, un 12,5% en LILACS y 4,2% en BDENF. Predominaron articulos (79,2%) en el ano 2008 (29,2%), en la revista Arquivos de Neuropsiquiatria (16,7%), la enfermedad cronica mas abordada fue la insuficiencia renal cronica (29, 2%) y cuanto la aplicabilidad, la mayoria (58,3%) no informaron dificultades. Conclusion : el SF-36, a pesar de ser una herramienta para evaluar los cambios en la calidad de vida en las ultimas 4 semanas ha sido aplicado a las enfermedades cronicas con la obtencion de resultados satisfactorios. Descriptores : calidad de vida; enfermedad cronica; revision de la literatura.

Representation of illness in Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy Portuguese Association newspaper: A documental study

This study explores illness representations within Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy Portuguese Association newspaper . A content analysis was performed of the issue data using provisional coding related to the conceptual framework of the study. All dimensions of illness representation in Leventhals Common Sense Model of illness cognitions and behaviors are present in the data and reflect the experience of living with this disease. Understanding how a person living with an hereditary, rare, neurodegenerative illness is important for developing community nursing interventions. In conclusion, we suggest an integration of common sense knowledge with other approaches for designing an intervention program centered on people living with an hereditary neurodegenerative illness, such as familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy.This study explores illness representations within Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy Portuguese Association newspaper . A content analysis was performed of the issue data using provisional coding related to the conceptual framework of the study. All dimensions of illness representation in Leventhals Common Sense Model of illness cognitions and behaviors are present in the data and reflect the experience of living with this disease. Understanding how a person living with an hereditary, rare, neurodegenerative illness is important for developing community nursing interventions. In conclusion, we suggest an integration of common sense knowledge with other approaches for designing an intervention program centered on people living with an hereditary neurodegenerative illness, such as familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy.