Fernanda Bittencourt Romeiro

La revelación del diagnóstico en oncología: una investigación transcultural Brasil-España

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine cross-cultural aspects of the disclosure of cancer diagnosis in Brazilian and Spanish patients. Method: A qualitative research was carried out in which 28 chemotherapy patients (14 Brazilian and 14 Spanish) were interviewed. Content analysis identified three thematic categories: 1) How the diagnosis was disclosured; 2) Context in which the diagnosis was disclosured; 3) Who disclosured the diagnosis. Results: Particularities in the diagnosis disclosure between the two countries was found. In Brazil, it still happens that patient can be referred to an oncologist without a satisfactory explanation about his health status. Although there are reports of diagnosis disclosure in the appropriate context (consultation), also there are reports informal disclosure (by telephone), without an adequate environment for the patient to be welcomed and able to express their fears and doubts. Conclusion: It is necessary to improve the professional training to improve communication skills and health education to treat cancer patients.

Preditores de autocuidado de mulheres sadias frente ao câncer de colo de útero

O autocuidado para a prevencao do câncer de colo de utero esta diretamente relacionado ao comportamento ativo da mulher para a realizacao dos exames preventivos que detectam precocemente a doenca. Objetivo: testar um modelo preditivo do autocuidado, considerando percepcao da doenca e variaveis de comportamento sexual. Participaram 122 mulheres (M=40,80 anos; DP= 12), usuarias de servico publico de saude, do sul do Brasil. Instrumentos: ficha de dados sociodemograficos e clinicos, questionario de percepcao da doenca e questionario de autocuidado. Resultados: Analise de regressao revelou que o Controle do tratamento e a Idade da primeira relacao sexual foram preditores de autocuidado (10,4% e 4,2% respectivamente). O modelo explicou 13,1% da variância do autocuidado. Conclusao: Mulheres que iniciaram a vida sexual mais tarde e com alta percepcao de controle do tratamento apresentavam melhor autocuidado. Observa-se que aspectos psicologicos e comportamentais devem ser considerados no delineamento de acoes orientadas para o controle da doenca.