Fethi Ahmet Özdemir

Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Endemic Phlomis sieheana Rech. From Bingol (Turkey)

Abstract Phlomis sieheana Rech. is a native plant belongs to Lamiaceae family; which can use in modern medicine and in different industries for its essential oils. The chemical composition essential oils of Phlomis sieheana was analyzed by GC-MS. Eventually fifty six components, representing 89.6% of the total oil were identified. The main compounds of P. sieheana were determined as β-caryophyllene (10.8%), germacrene D (15.6%) and α-pinene (7.8%). The chemical distribution of the essential oil compounds in the genus pattern discussed in means of natural products. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated against seven Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6337, Brevibacillus brevis, Bacillus megaterium DSM 32, Bacillus subtilis IM 622, Bacillus cereus EMC 19, Staphylococcus aureus 6538 P, Listeria monocytogenes NCTC 5348) and the nine Gram negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium NRRLE 4413, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Enterobacter aerogenes CCM 2531, Klabsiella pneumoniae EMCS, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Proteus vulgaris FMC II, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 50070, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella enterica ATCC 13311) using the disc diffusion method. It was found that the oil exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against all of the tested microorganisms.

Variability of Essential Oil Composition of Origanum vulgare L. subsp. gracile Populations from Turkey

Abstract The aerial parts of fifteen different populations of O. vulgare L. subsp. gracile were investigated to determine their variability among essential oil compositions. Thymol, carvacrol, γ-terpinene and p-cymene were detected as the major components of all population samples in different amounts. Almost all populations had the same essential oil contents, except for minor differences. The most abundant components were thymol and carvacrol.

Shoot proliferation from potato (Solanum tuberosum cv. Agria) under different concentration of MS include vitamins and BAP medium

The present investigation was conducted to develop a protocol for rapid shoot proliferation of potato by MS medium and different concentrations of plant growth regulators. In this study, the node explant was cultured in MS media supplemented with different concentrations of thiamine-HCl (0.1 and 10 mg.l-1), Pyridoxine- HCl, Nicotinic acid (each 0.5 and 50 mg.l-1) and BAP (0.0, 2 and 4 mg.l-1) for shoot proliferation. Maximum number of lateral shoots was observed in MS medium containing 50 mg.l-1 Nicotinic acid, 50 mg.l-1Pyridoxine- HCl, 10 mg.l-1Thiamine-HCl and 4 mg.l-1BAP. Also, maximum percentage of root and callus formation was observed in combination of MS include vitamins without BAP, the present study describes an efficient method for in vitro shoot proliferation of potato cultivars which could be considered for large scale multiplication and propagation of this important vegetable crop.

Sorafenib Reveals Anti-Arthritic Potentials in Collagen Induced Experimental Arthritis Model

Objectives This study aims to examine the effects of sorafenib on a collagen-induced arthritis model. Materials and methods The study included 50 randomly selected female Wistar-albino rats (8-10-week-old, weighing between 200 g to 250 g). The rats were divided into five equal groups as control, arthritis, etanercept, sorafenib high-dose, and sorafenib low-dose groups, respectively. Arthritis was induced by injecting mixed intradermal chicken type II collagen and incomplete Freunds adjuvant. Twenty-four hours after the advent of arthritis; rats in group 3 were injected subcutaneous etanercept (6 mg/kg/week), while those in groups 4 and 5 were given sorafenib (10 or 30 mg/ kg/day) orally until they were sacrificed on the 34th day. The rat claws and trunk bloods were carefully examined to note perisynovial inflammation and cartilage/bone injury through histopathology. Tissue vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor levels were carefully checked using western blot analysis. Results Analysis of the experimental data showed that collagen-induced arthritis decreased in treatments groups after 12-13 days and 34th day in contrast with the arthritis group. Histopathological examination revealed broad perisynovial inflammation and cartilage/bone break down in the arthritis group. Compared to the control group, tissue VEGF and VEGF receptor levels increased in the arthritis group. Sorafenib and etanercept decreased tissue VEGF and VEGF receptor levels, perisynovial inflammation, damage of cartilage/bone. Conclusion Our findings indicate that sorafenib treatment ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis with anti-VEGF effectiveness.

Essential oil composition of two Prangos Lindl. (Apiaceae) species from Turkey

The essential oil of the dried flowering aerial parts of Prangos pabularia Lindl. and Prangos peucedanifolia Fenzl. were analyzed by means of HS-SPME/GC-MS. As a result thirty four and thirty seven components were identified representing 91.3% and 89.5% of the oil of P. pabularia and P. peucedanifolia, respectively. The main constituents of P. pabularia were α-pinene (32.4%), δ-3-carene (12.4%), germacrene D (8.1%), limonene (6.4%) and bicyclogermacrene (6.2%); whereas α-pinene (38.1%), bicyclogermacrene (11.3%) and δ-3-carene (9.2%) were the major constituents of P. peucedanifolia. With this study, chemotypes of P. pabularia and P. peucedanifolia were detected α-pinene and δ-3-carene. Studied plant samples were found to be rich in respect to essential oils. The results were discussed in consideration of natural products, renewable resources, chemotaxonomy and potential medical uses of these plants.

Essential oil composition of two Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. varietes from Elazığ (Turkey)

In this study aerial parts essential oil of T. kotschyanus Boiss. & Hohen. var. kotschyanus and T. kotschyanus Boiss. & Hohen. var. glabrescens Boiss. were analyzed by HS-SPME/GC-MS. As a result forty one and thirty nine components were identified representing 90.4% and 89.3% of the oil, respectively. Thymol (31.2%), carvacrol (19.5%), p-cymene (11.2%) and γ-terpinene (8.4%) were detected the main compounds of T. kotschyanus var. kotschyanus; thymol (26.3%), carvacrol (24.3%) and p-cymene (17.6%) were detected the major constituents of T. kotschyanus var. glabrescens. With this study, chemotypes of studied taxa were detected carvacrol and thymol. In addition studied plant samples were found to be rich in respect to essential oils and the results discussed natural product, renewable resources and chemotaxonomy.

Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of Marrubium astracanicum Jacq. subsp. astracanicum Essential Oil

Abstract The aerial parts of essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation in a modified clevenger-type apparatus and their analysis were performed by HS-SPME. The essential oil aerial parts of Marrubium astracanicum subsp. astracanicum was investigated. Thirty compounds were identified representing 85.5 % of the total components in the oils, respectively. β-caryophyllene (23.5 %), germacrene D (10.6 %), spathulenol (9.4 %) and bicyclogermacrene (9.3 %) were identified as major components of M. astracanicum subsp. astracanicum. The disc diffusion method was used to study the antibacterial activity of M. astracanicum subsp. astracanicum essential oil against sixteen bacteria strains. Zone diameter of inhibition from 6 to 13 mm for Gram (+) bacteria. Whereas, for Gram (-) bacteria strains have not shown the response to the essential oil action. In conclusion, this study results might be helpful chemotaxonomy, antimicrobial activity and potential usefulness of Marrubium taxa. Further research is required to evaluate the practical values of therapeutic applications.

In Vitro Bulb Regeneration from Stem Explants of Endemic Geophyt Muscari aucheri (Boiss.) Baker

Muscari aucheri (Boiss.) Baker bears beautiful and attractive purplish blue flowers bloom between May and June; it grows stony slopes, mountain pastures an altitude of 1000-3000 meters. The natural populations of Muscari aucheri , is seriously affected by increased environmental pollution, urbanization and grazing. Therefore, this study aimed to accelerate multiplication by devising a strategy for an efficient in vitro bulblet regeneration system of Muscari aucheri using stem explants on MS medium containing 1, 3, 5 mg/l TDZ plus 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 mg/l NAA (12 combinations). The stem explants induced direct bulblet regeneration on explants. Maximum mean number of bulblets per explant was noted on MS medium containing 3 mg/l TDZ + 0.4 mg/l NAA and maximum mean number of bulb diameter was noted on MS medium containing 5 mg/l TDZ + 0.2 mg/l NAA. The regenerated bulblets were isolated from stem explants and cultured on MS medium containing 40 g/l sucrose; where they gained diameter and rooted

Essential Oil Composition of Clinopodium vulgare L. subsp. arundanum (Boiss.) Nyman From Bingöl (Turkey)

Many of the medicinal and aromatic plants from Lamiaceae taxa are uses presumed to be connected to the terpenic constituents of the essential oils. In this study aerial parts essential oil of Clinopodium vulgare L. subsp. arundanum was analyzed by HS-SPME. As a result, thirty seven components were identified. b -caryopyllene (16.1%), g -terpinene (15.4%), germacrene D (10.3%), p -cymene (8.6%) and thymol (6.4%) were detected the major constituents. With this study, chemotypes of studied sample were detected b -caryopyllene, g -terpinene, germacrene D, p -cymene and thymol. In addition, studied plant sample was found to be rich in respect to essential oils and the results discussed natural product, renewable resources and chemotaxonomy