Fitmawati

Histology Structure of Lymph and Uterus of White Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Given with Nanas Bongsai (Ananas comosus var. microstachys L.)

Nanas Bongsai (Ananas comosus var. microstachys L.) is an amazing herb which is used in traditional medicine by local people of Muara Lembu district as a potion to reduce pain while menstruation period for a women. The present work was designed to investigate its probable side effects on the histopathologic changes in limph and uterus tissues after treated with A. comosus var. microstachys L extract in female white rats. This is an experimental research consisted of five treatments and three repetitions. Treatment composed of two controls (P0 and P+) and given Nanas Bongsai extract with three different dosages. Histology result of lymph show that all treatments given with Nanas Bongsai with three different dosages have different diameter average of white pulp and there is no significant changes with normal control. While observation towards histology structure of endometrium thickness with dosage P1, dosage P2, dosage P3 is 206.333±33.486; 215.667±33.486; 197.667±60.871 respectively. The most thin endometrium layer found in treatment with dosage P3 compared to control P0. From this study showed that there is no toxic effect on uterus and lymph function of of Nanas Bonsai (A. comosus var. microstachys L.) at different doses, so the plant is secure for consumption by the community.

Immunomodulatory Effectiveness of Aqueous Obat Pahit Extract of Lingga Malay Ethnic on White Rats (Rattus novergicus)

Obat pahit has been generally known and believed by Lingga Malay society as anti-aging agent. However, the study of Obat pahit is not scientifically proven. This research was aimed to prove immunomodulatory ability of Obat pahit potion from Lingga, Riau Archipelago. This study used white rats as an animal modelling, and Staphylococcus aureus as bacteria tester. The rats had been treated with aqueous Obat pahit extract from three TMPs on dose scales of 0.09, 0.18 and 0.27 mL/200g of body weight through oral administration for 7 days. Furthermore, on the 8 th days, the experiment animals were injected by the preparation of bacteria tester through intraperitoneal administration in the amount of 0.5 mL/200 gram of body weigth and subsequently incubated for 1 hour after the injection. There were 2 observed parameters on this study, i.e efectivity and capacity of phagocytosis by leukocytes. The observation of leukocytes-phagocytocis activity was carried out by making a smear preparat samples of peritoneum fluid from rats. After the observation under microscope on a magnification of 100 times. The result was obtained the Obat pahit from Kalan PMT swere more effective on dose 2, while from SP4 and Linau TMPs were much more effective on dose 1. It is therefore, using these data of the results, the advanced doses scale of this Obat pahit would not be necessary. Obat pahit potion from Malay Lingga Malay Ethnic could become raw materials of immunomodulatory herbal medicine based on traditional knowledge. It also potentially as a standardized herbal.

Short Communication: Phylogenetic analysis of mango (Mangifera) in Northern Sumatra based on gene sequences of cpDNA trnL-F intergenic spacer

Harahap SP, Fitmawati, Sofiyanti N. 2017. Short Communication: Phylogenetic analysis of mango (Mangifera) in Northern Sumatra based on gene sequences of cpDNA trnL-F intergenic spacer. Biodiversitas 18: 715-719. Northern Sumatra is an area with geographical variation. The environmental factors are affected on character plasticity such as found in Anacardiaceae family especially Mangifera genus. The character plasticity of Mangifera members raises a problem in determining clear boundaries between species based on morphological character. Therefore, a molecular approach is necessary to provide a specific character among Mangifera species. This study aimed to reconstruct the phylogeny among Mangifera members in Northern Sumatra based on the sequences of trnLF intergenic spacer. All of the sequences were aligned by using Clustal W and Cladogram was reconstructed by using PAUP by Maximum Parsimony (MP) and Neighbour-Joining (NJ) methods. The MP cladogram produced two in groups i.e., clade I consist of M. odorata1, M. odorata2, M. laurina1, M. laurina2, M. indica, M. zeylanica, M. quadrifida and Mangifera sp. and clade II consisted of M. foetida1 and M. foetida2. Based on the NJ method, it was obtained M. laurina2 which had the highest genetic distance among other members of Mangifera. The trnL-F intergenic spacer with a low sequences variation indicated that this region was highly conserved and had a low evolution rate in Mangifera.