Flávia Lopes Sant'Anna

Fatores associados a piores níveis na escala de Burnout em professores da educação básica

A Sindrome de Burnout resulta do estresse cronico no trabalho e e composta por tres dimensoes: exaustao emocional, despersonalizacao e realizacao profissional. Objetivou-se identificar, em professores da educacao basica de Londrina, no Parana, fatores associados a piores niveis nessas dimensoes. Trata-se de estudo transversal realizado entre agosto de 2012 e junho de 2013. Foram pesquisadas caracteristicas sociodemograficas, ocupacionais, relacionamentos na escola, violencia contra o professor e Sindrome de Burnout por meio da escala Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Pontuacoes > percentil 75 na MBI (exaustao emocional e despersonalizacao) ou < percentil 25 (realizacao profissional) foram consideradas como piores niveis. Foram realizadas analises bivariadas e multiplas por regressao de Poisson. Participaram da pesquisa 804 professores. Apos ajustes, relacionamento ruim/regular com alunos associou-se a piores niveis nas tres dimensoes da escala. Tempo insuficiente para familia/lazer e relacionamento ruim/regular com pais permaneceram significativos para piores niveis de exaustao emocional e de despersonalizacao. Violencia fisica, quantidade de alunos considerada ruim/regular e infraestrutura ruim da escola ainda se mantiveram associadas a piores niveis de despersonalizacao, enquanto oportunidade ruim/regular para expressar opinioes no trabalho associou-se a baixa realizacao profissional. Ambiente de trabalho hostil e outros fatores laborais devem ser priorizados por politicas de prevencao da Sindrome de Burnout em professores.

Características da violência escolar no Brasil: revisão sistemática de estudos quantitativos

Objectives: to measure and identify factors associated with school violence in Brazil, as reported in the literature. Methods: articles containing quantitative data on school violence in Brazil were selected from the SciELO, LILACS and PubMed databases, up to May 2013. The selection of articles and extraction of data were carried out independently by two researchers and inconsistencies resolved by consensus. Results: twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Most of these studies were carried out among basic education students in public schools in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil in the 2000s. School violence was defined differently and different types studied in the articles examined. Psychological and physical violence were the most common forms addressed. Bullying was commonly cited as a specific kind of school violence. Being male and having been subjected to abuse in the family were the factors most frequently associated with school violence. Conclusions: the present review noted the paucity of quantitative studies of violence in Brazilian schools, especially among teachers. There is a need to establish criteria for the study of this phenomenon, in order to compare its geographical and temporal distribution.

Anomalias congênitas: internações em unidade pediátrica

OBJETIVO: Analisar o perfil das criancas com anomalias congenitas em unidade pediatrica. METODOS: Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa e retrospectiva. A amostra constituiu-se dos prontuarios de criancas de 0 a 12 anos que foram internadas na unidade pediatrica de um hospital escola publico em Londrina, Parana, de 2007 a 2009. Os dados foram obtidos por busca ativa aos registros processados no programa Epi-Info®, e submetidos a analise estatistica descritiva. RESULTADOS: Ocorreram 282 primeiras internacoes de criancas com anomalias congenitas. Destas, 130 (46,0%) necessitaram de reinternacoes e totalizaram, portanto, 412. A media de internacao foi de tres dias. Houve predominio do sexo masculino e faixa etaria de tres a sete anos. Entre as anomalias prevaleceram aquelas do aparelho geniturinario (19,6%), seguidas pelas fendas labiais e palatinas (17,3%) e pelo aparelho circulatorio (16,2%). Foram realizados 269 procedimentos cirurgicos para corrigir as anomalias. CONCLUSOES: Este estudo reafirma a importância epidemiologica das anomalias congenitas, apontando para a necessidade de prevenir e controlar os fatores desencadeadores.OBJECTIVE To analyze the profile of children with congenital anomalies admitted to a pediatric unit. METHODS This is a quantitative and retrospective research. The sample consisted of records of children aged from 0 to 12 years old who were hospitalized in the pediatric unit of the University Hospital of Londrina, Paraná, Southern Brazil, from 2007 to 2009. Data were collected by chart review processed in the Epi-Info® program, and they were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis. RESULTS There were 282 first admissions of children with congenital anomalies. Of these, 130 (46.0%) required readmission totaling therefore 412 hospitalizations. The mean stay was three days. There was a male predominance, and the age range was from three to seven years old. The most frequent congenital anomalies were in the genital and urinary systems (19.6%), followed by cleft lip and palate (17.3%), and those of the circulatory system (16.2%). There were 269 surgical procedures to correct there anomalies. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the epidemiological importance of congenital malformations, highlighting the need to prevent and control the triggering factors.

Acidentes com motociclistas: comparação entre os anos 1998 e 2010. Londrina, PR, Brasil

OBJECTIVE: To compare the characteristics of motorcycle accidents and victims attended by pre-hospital care services. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data on pre-hospital care of motorcyclists who had been injured in traffic accidents in Londrina, PR, Southeastern Brazil, in 2010, whose results were compared with those of a similar study conducted in 1998. Paramedic assistance registration forms were used as source of data. The fleets of motorcycles and the population of both years were used for estimating risks of accidents occurring. The Chi-square test was used to compare the profiles of accidents and victims. RESULTS: In 1998 and in 2010, respectively, 1,576 and 3,968 motorcyclists were seen (increase of 151.8%). The rate of injured motorcyclists per 1,000 inhabitants rose from 396.4 to 783.1, and that of the victims per 1,000 motorcycles from 53.1 to 61.1. Changes (p < 0.05) in the profile of accidents were observed, with higher proportions of falls from motorcycles, accidents between motorcyclists and occurrence during mornings, and a reduction of those at weekends. Regarding the victims, higher proportions of women, drivers, and those aged 35 years or over were observed. There was a decrease in the relative frequency of positive breathalyser results and an increase in the prevalence of helmet use. A lower proportion of victims were classified with moderate/severe coma and trauma scores and sent to hospitals. The immediate fatality rate dropped from 1.2% to 0.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the profiles of accidents and victims were observed in the period. Despite an absolute and relative increase in the number of victims of motorcycle accidents, a proportionally lower severity of these accidents was observed.OBJECTIVE To compare the characteristics of motorcycle accidents and victims attended by pre-hospital care services. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out using data on pre-hospital care of motorcyclists who had been injured in traffic accidents in Londrina, PR, Southeastern Brazil, in 2010, whose results were compared with those of a similar study conducted in 1998. Paramedic assistance registration forms were used as source of data. The fleets of motorcycles and the population of both years were used for estimating risks of accidents occurring. The Chi-square test was used to compare the profiles of accidents and victims. RESULTS In 1998 and in 2010, respectively, 1,576 and 3,968 motorcyclists were seen (increase of 151.8%). The rate of injured motorcyclists per 1,000 inhabitants rose from 396.4 to 783.1, and that of the victims per 1,000 motorcycles from 53.1 to 61.1. Changes (p < 0.05) in the profile of accidents were observed, with higher proportions of falls from motorcycles, accidents between motorcyclists and occurrence during mornings, and a reduction of those at weekends. Regarding the victims, higher proportions of women, drivers, and those aged 35 years or over were observed. There was a decrease in the relative frequency of positive breathalyser results and an increase in the prevalence of helmet use. A lower proportion of victims were classified with moderate/severe coma and trauma scores and sent to hospitals. The immediate fatality rate dropped from 1.2% to 0.6%. CONCLUSIONS Changes in the profiles of accidents and victims were observed in the period. Despite an absolute and relative increase in the number of victims of motorcycle accidents, a proportionally lower severity of these accidents was observed.

Motorcycle accidents: comparison between the years 1998 and 2010 in Londrina, Southern Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To compare the characteristics of motorcycle accidents and victims attended by pre-hospital care services. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data on pre-hospital care of motorcyclists who had been injured in traffic accidents in Londrina, PR, Southeastern Brazil, in 2010, whose results were compared with those of a similar study conducted in 1998. Paramedic assistance registration forms were used as source of data. The fleets of motorcycles and the population of both years were used for estimating risks of accidents occurring. The Chi-square test was used to compare the profiles of accidents and victims. RESULTS: In 1998 and in 2010, respectively, 1,576 and 3,968 motorcyclists were seen (increase of 151.8%). The rate of injured motorcyclists per 1,000 inhabitants rose from 396.4 to 783.1, and that of the victims per 1,000 motorcycles from 53.1 to 61.1. Changes (p < 0.05) in the profile of accidents were observed, with higher proportions of falls from motorcycles, accidents between motorcyclists and occurrence during mornings, and a reduction of those at weekends. Regarding the victims, higher proportions of women, drivers, and those aged 35 years or over were observed. There was a decrease in the relative frequency of positive breathalyser results and an increase in the prevalence of helmet use. A lower proportion of victims were classified with moderate/severe coma and trauma scores and sent to hospitals. The immediate fatality rate dropped from 1.2% to 0.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the profiles of accidents and victims were observed in the period. Despite an absolute and relative increase in the number of victims of motorcycle accidents, a proportionally lower severity of these accidents was observed.OBJECTIVE To compare the characteristics of motorcycle accidents and victims attended by pre-hospital care services. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out using data on pre-hospital care of motorcyclists who had been injured in traffic accidents in Londrina, PR, Southeastern Brazil, in 2010, whose results were compared with those of a similar study conducted in 1998. Paramedic assistance registration forms were used as source of data. The fleets of motorcycles and the population of both years were used for estimating risks of accidents occurring. The Chi-square test was used to compare the profiles of accidents and victims. RESULTS In 1998 and in 2010, respectively, 1,576 and 3,968 motorcyclists were seen (increase of 151.8%). The rate of injured motorcyclists per 1,000 inhabitants rose from 396.4 to 783.1, and that of the victims per 1,000 motorcycles from 53.1 to 61.1. Changes (p < 0.05) in the profile of accidents were observed, with higher proportions of falls from motorcycles, accidents between motorcyclists and occurrence during mornings, and a reduction of those at weekends. Regarding the victims, higher proportions of women, drivers, and those aged 35 years or over were observed. There was a decrease in the relative frequency of positive breathalyser results and an increase in the prevalence of helmet use. A lower proportion of victims were classified with moderate/severe coma and trauma scores and sent to hospitals. The immediate fatality rate dropped from 1.2% to 0.6%. CONCLUSIONS Changes in the profiles of accidents and victims were observed in the period. Despite an absolute and relative increase in the number of victims of motorcycle accidents, a proportionally lower severity of these accidents was observed.

Anomalías congénitas: internaciones en unidad pediátrica

OBJETIVO: Analisar o perfil das criancas com anomalias congenitas em unidade pediatrica. METODOS: Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa e retrospectiva. A amostra constituiu-se dos prontuarios de criancas de 0 a 12 anos que foram internadas na unidade pediatrica de um hospital escola publico em Londrina, Parana, de 2007 a 2009. Os dados foram obtidos por busca ativa aos registros processados no programa Epi-Info®, e submetidos a analise estatistica descritiva. RESULTADOS: Ocorreram 282 primeiras internacoes de criancas com anomalias congenitas. Destas, 130 (46,0%) necessitaram de reinternacoes e totalizaram, portanto, 412. A media de internacao foi de tres dias. Houve predominio do sexo masculino e faixa etaria de tres a sete anos. Entre as anomalias prevaleceram aquelas do aparelho geniturinario (19,6%), seguidas pelas fendas labiais e palatinas (17,3%) e pelo aparelho circulatorio (16,2%). Foram realizados 269 procedimentos cirurgicos para corrigir as anomalias. CONCLUSOES: Este estudo reafirma a importância epidemiologica das anomalias congenitas, apontando para a necessidade de prevenir e controlar os fatores desencadeadores.OBJECTIVE To analyze the profile of children with congenital anomalies admitted to a pediatric unit. METHODS This is a quantitative and retrospective research. The sample consisted of records of children aged from 0 to 12 years old who were hospitalized in the pediatric unit of the University Hospital of Londrina, Paraná, Southern Brazil, from 2007 to 2009. Data were collected by chart review processed in the Epi-Info® program, and they were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis. RESULTS There were 282 first admissions of children with congenital anomalies. Of these, 130 (46.0%) required readmission totaling therefore 412 hospitalizations. The mean stay was three days. There was a male predominance, and the age range was from three to seven years old. The most frequent congenital anomalies were in the genital and urinary systems (19.6%), followed by cleft lip and palate (17.3%), and those of the circulatory system (16.2%). There were 269 surgical procedures to correct there anomalies. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the epidemiological importance of congenital malformations, highlighting the need to prevent and control the triggering factors.

Accidentes con motociclistas: comparación entre los años 1998 y 2010. Londrina, PR, Brasil

OBJECTIVE: To compare the characteristics of motorcycle accidents and victims attended by pre-hospital care services. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data on pre-hospital care of motorcyclists who had been injured in traffic accidents in Londrina, PR, Southeastern Brazil, in 2010, whose results were compared with those of a similar study conducted in 1998. Paramedic assistance registration forms were used as source of data. The fleets of motorcycles and the population of both years were used for estimating risks of accidents occurring. The Chi-square test was used to compare the profiles of accidents and victims. RESULTS: In 1998 and in 2010, respectively, 1,576 and 3,968 motorcyclists were seen (increase of 151.8%). The rate of injured motorcyclists per 1,000 inhabitants rose from 396.4 to 783.1, and that of the victims per 1,000 motorcycles from 53.1 to 61.1. Changes (p < 0.05) in the profile of accidents were observed, with higher proportions of falls from motorcycles, accidents between motorcyclists and occurrence during mornings, and a reduction of those at weekends. Regarding the victims, higher proportions of women, drivers, and those aged 35 years or over were observed. There was a decrease in the relative frequency of positive breathalyser results and an increase in the prevalence of helmet use. A lower proportion of victims were classified with moderate/severe coma and trauma scores and sent to hospitals. The immediate fatality rate dropped from 1.2% to 0.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the profiles of accidents and victims were observed in the period. Despite an absolute and relative increase in the number of victims of motorcycle accidents, a proportionally lower severity of these accidents was observed.OBJECTIVE To compare the characteristics of motorcycle accidents and victims attended by pre-hospital care services. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out using data on pre-hospital care of motorcyclists who had been injured in traffic accidents in Londrina, PR, Southeastern Brazil, in 2010, whose results were compared with those of a similar study conducted in 1998. Paramedic assistance registration forms were used as source of data. The fleets of motorcycles and the population of both years were used for estimating risks of accidents occurring. The Chi-square test was used to compare the profiles of accidents and victims. RESULTS In 1998 and in 2010, respectively, 1,576 and 3,968 motorcyclists were seen (increase of 151.8%). The rate of injured motorcyclists per 1,000 inhabitants rose from 396.4 to 783.1, and that of the victims per 1,000 motorcycles from 53.1 to 61.1. Changes (p < 0.05) in the profile of accidents were observed, with higher proportions of falls from motorcycles, accidents between motorcyclists and occurrence during mornings, and a reduction of those at weekends. Regarding the victims, higher proportions of women, drivers, and those aged 35 years or over were observed. There was a decrease in the relative frequency of positive breathalyser results and an increase in the prevalence of helmet use. A lower proportion of victims were classified with moderate/severe coma and trauma scores and sent to hospitals. The immediate fatality rate dropped from 1.2% to 0.6%. CONCLUSIONS Changes in the profiles of accidents and victims were observed in the period. Despite an absolute and relative increase in the number of victims of motorcycle accidents, a proportionally lower severity of these accidents was observed.