Folko Flehmig

Energy optimal Adaptive Cruise Control during following of other vehicles

Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) automates longitudinal guidance of the vehicle. This paper presents a method to calculate energy optimal drive strategies when the longitudinal movement of the vehicle is constrained by another vehicle, i.e. when the ACC vehicle follows another slower vehicle. The A* Algorithm is employed for optimization and is shown to yield the optimal solution due to a suitable heuristics. Energy optimal drive strategies are calculated for some ACC use cases and their benefit is illustrated with measurements from test tracks, on public roads as well as with simulation of traffic scenarios as encountered on public roads.

Maneuver decision for active pedestrian protection under uncertainty

To reduce fatalities in road accidents, one factor is the protection of pedestrians as vulnerable road users. Active driver assistance systems are able to reduce the accident severity or even avoid collisions with pedestrians. Besides emergency braking, evasive steering interventions or combined lateral and longitudinal maneuvers can increase the accident avoidance potential. For driver assistance system with the ability to perform more than one of these maneuvers a maneuver decision has to be done. Choosing the optimal maneuver can become difficult in case of uncertain pedestrian motion prediction. This paper will introduce a method to identify the optimal emergency maneuver regarding a specific scenario. The advantage compared to the state of the art is the consideration of the pedestrians injury risk as well as uncertain future movements. Therefore the difference of certain emergency maneuvers can be quantified and the one with the optimal benefit obtained.

Requirements and Evaluation of a Smartphone Based Dead Reckoning Pedestrian Localization for Vehicle Safety Applications

The objective of this paper is to propose a smartphone based outdoor dead reckoning localization solution, show its experimental performance and classify this performance into the context of Vehicle-to-X (V2X) based pedestrian protection systems for vehicle safety applications. The proposed approach estimates the position, velocity and orientation with inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors, a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver and an air pressure sensor without any restriction to pedestrians, like step length models or a relationship between smartphone orientation and walking direction. Thus, an application makes sense in handbags, trouser pockets or school bags. The dead reckoning localization filter was evaluated in measurements and compared with a highly accurate reference system. Furthermore, the requirements of measurement and modelling uncertainties in a pedestrian protection system with a low false-positive rate were derived and compared with the reference measurements. The results demonstrated that an appropriate use of the proposed system approach is only possible with more accurate positioning solutions from the GNSS receiver. According to this the necessity of differential GNSS methods was predicted.