Freddy Moreno

Microbiota periodontal y microorganismos aislados de válvulas cardiacas en pacientes sometidos a cirugía de reemplazo de válvulas en una clínica de Cali, Colombia

Contribución de los autores: Sandra Moreno: coordinación del equipo de trabajo y del transporte de las muestras, cultivos y PCR Beatriz Parra: estandarización de los métodos de laboratorio y pruebas moleculares en el tejido valvular Javier Botero: análisis de los periodontogramas, examen clínico de los participantes y diagnóstico periodontal Freddy Moreno: proceso de laboratorio Daniel Vásquez: métodos de estandarización, cultivos y pruebas moleculares de las muestras Hugo Fernández, Sandra Alba y Gilberto Castillo: toma de la muestra valvular Sara Gallego: toma de la muestra subgingival, toma del periodontograma y examen clínico Adolfo Contreras: coordinación del equipo de trabajo, estandarización de los métodos de laboratorio y lectura de cultivos microbiológicos, pruebas moleculares Todos los autores participaron en la escritura del manuscrito. Microbiota periodontal y microorganismos aislados de válvulas cardiacas en pacientes sometidos a cirugía de reemplazo de válvulas en una clínica de Cali, ColombiaINTRODUCTION Periodontitis is an infectious disease that affects the support tissue of the teeth and it is associated with different systemic diseases, including cardiovascular disease. Microbiological studies facilitate the detection of microorganisms from subgingival and cardiovascular samples. OBJECTIVE To describe the cultivable periodontal microbiota and the presence of microorganisms in heart valves from patients undergoing valve replacement surgery in a clinic in Cali. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed 30 subgingival and valvular tissue samples by means of two-phase culture medium, supplemented blood agar and trypticase soy agar with antibiotics. Conventional PCR was performed on samples of valve tissue. RESULTS The periodontal pathogens isolated from periodontal pockets were: Fusobacterium nucleatum (50%), Prevotella intermedia/ nigrescens (40%), Campylobacter rectus (40%), Eikenella corrodens (36.7%), Gram negative enteric bacilli (36.7%), Porphyromonas gingivalis (33.3%), and Eubacterium spp. (33.3%). The pathogens isolated from the aortic valve were Propionibacterium acnes (12%), Gram negative enteric bacilli (8%), Bacteroides merdae (4%), and Clostridium bifermentans (4%), and from the mitral valve we isolated P. acnes and Clostridium beijerinckii. Conventional PCR did not return positive results for oral pathogens and bacterial DNA was detected only in two samples. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal microbiota of patients undergoing surgery for heart valve replacement consisted of species of Gram-negative bacteria that have been associated with infections in extraoral tissues. However, there is no evidence of the presence of periodontal pathogens in valve tissue, because even though there were valve and subgingival samples positive for Gram-negative enteric bacilli, it is not possible to maintain they corresponded to the same phylogenetic origin.

Microbiota periodontal y microorganismos aislados de válvulas cardiacas en pacientes sometidos a cirugía de remplazo valvular en una clínica de la ciudad Cali

Contribución de los autores: Sandra Moreno: coordinación del equipo de trabajo y del transporte de las muestras, cultivos y PCR Beatriz Parra: estandarización de los métodos de laboratorio y pruebas moleculares en el tejido valvular Javier Botero: análisis de los periodontogramas, examen clínico de los participantes y diagnóstico periodontal Freddy Moreno: proceso de laboratorio Daniel Vásquez: métodos de estandarización, cultivos y pruebas moleculares de las muestras Hugo Fernández, Sandra Alba y Gilberto Castillo: toma de la muestra valvular Sara Gallego: toma de la muestra subgingival, toma del periodontograma y examen clínico Adolfo Contreras: coordinación del equipo de trabajo, estandarización de los métodos de laboratorio y lectura de cultivos microbiológicos, pruebas moleculares Todos los autores participaron en la escritura del manuscrito. Microbiota periodontal y microorganismos aislados de válvulas cardiacas en pacientes sometidos a cirugía de reemplazo de válvulas en una clínica de Cali, ColombiaINTRODUCTION Periodontitis is an infectious disease that affects the support tissue of the teeth and it is associated with different systemic diseases, including cardiovascular disease. Microbiological studies facilitate the detection of microorganisms from subgingival and cardiovascular samples. OBJECTIVE To describe the cultivable periodontal microbiota and the presence of microorganisms in heart valves from patients undergoing valve replacement surgery in a clinic in Cali. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed 30 subgingival and valvular tissue samples by means of two-phase culture medium, supplemented blood agar and trypticase soy agar with antibiotics. Conventional PCR was performed on samples of valve tissue. RESULTS The periodontal pathogens isolated from periodontal pockets were: Fusobacterium nucleatum (50%), Prevotella intermedia/ nigrescens (40%), Campylobacter rectus (40%), Eikenella corrodens (36.7%), Gram negative enteric bacilli (36.7%), Porphyromonas gingivalis (33.3%), and Eubacterium spp. (33.3%). The pathogens isolated from the aortic valve were Propionibacterium acnes (12%), Gram negative enteric bacilli (8%), Bacteroides merdae (4%), and Clostridium bifermentans (4%), and from the mitral valve we isolated P. acnes and Clostridium beijerinckii. Conventional PCR did not return positive results for oral pathogens and bacterial DNA was detected only in two samples. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal microbiota of patients undergoing surgery for heart valve replacement consisted of species of Gram-negative bacteria that have been associated with infections in extraoral tissues. However, there is no evidence of the presence of periodontal pathogens in valve tissue, because even though there were valve and subgingival samples positive for Gram-negative enteric bacilli, it is not possible to maintain they corresponded to the same phylogenetic origin.

Morphological characterization of permanent dentition of a group of Afrodescendants at Istmina (Chocó, Colombia)

Aim: Characterize the permanent dentitionmorphology of a group of Afrodescendantsof Istmina (Choco, Colombia)Materials y methods: This quantitativecross-sectional study determined the frequencyand variability of 35 incisor, canine,premolar and molar morphological featuresof the Arizona State University DentalAnthropology System in 100 self-describedindividuals as Afrodescendants (50 Femaleand 50 male), aged between 5 and 18 years.Results: Significant frequencies of winging(99%), double blade of the central incisors(86%), convexity of the lips (41%), crest ofthe shoulder (35%), and distal crest (39% to45%) were identified (95% to 98%), centralridge (82% and 80%), mesolingual groove(79%), distolingual groove (81%), hippocampusreduction (86%), Carabelli cusp )And cusp 7 (64%). No sexual dimorphismand bilateral asymmetry were found in theMCDS studied.Conclusions: The frequency and variabilityof the MCDD included in the dendrogramshowed that the Isthmian group had atypical dental morphology of the Afrodescendantpopulations distributed onthe Colombian Pacific coast, which werederived from groups of the West Africancoast included in The dental complex ofSaharan Africa. Likewise, it was possibleto detect the influence of mestizo and indigenouspopulations occupying the samegeopolitical space.

Cíngulo dental: Revisión de la literatura

In the anthropological context, dental cingulumis recognized as a enamel structurethat surrounds of all teeth on the cervicalthird, and which has the function of protectingthe periodontal tissues of the fragmentsof food during mastication, dissipatethe vertical forces during occlusion andprovide a platform for the morphogeneticdevelopment of some dental morphologicalfeatures. However, in the dental context,these functions of dental cingulum are misunderstood,primarily the development ofmorphological structures such as the dentaltubercle, the interruption groove, the Carabellitrait, the parastyle and the protostylid.That is why this literature review aims tocontrast the anthropological and odontologicalconcepts, to the lack of understandingof the dental cingulum by the vast majorityof oral health professionals.

Cusp expression of protostylid in deciduous and permanent molars

The present article is a case report on the cusp expression of protostylid in the deciduous inferior molars and in the first permanent inferior molar, in which the correspondence and bilateral symmetry of the mentioned expression can be evidenced, as well as the their relation with the foramen cecum of the mesiobuccal furrows of the deciduous and of the permanent inferior molars.

ANÁLISIS MEDIANTE TOMOGRAFÍA CONE BEAM DE LOS TEJIDOS DENTALES Y PERIODONTALES DE CERDO (SUS DOMESTICUS) SOMETIDOS A ALTAS TEMPERATURAS

ABSTRACTObjective. To determine cone beam tomography changes of dental and periodontal tissues of pig (Sus domesticus) subjected to high temperatures in vitro. Methods . This descriptive and pseudo-experimental study determined the cone beam tomography changes on dental and periodontal tissue in 60 specimens of domestic swine subjected to diverse ranks of temperature (200oC, 400oC, 600oC, 800oC, 1000oC). Results . Dental and periodontal tissues presented important resistance to high temperatures without showing considerably changes in the microstructure with exception of maximum temperature test. Therefore, the physical changes (dimensional stability, fissures, cracks and fractures) occurring with increasing the temperature could be described through cone beam tomography. Conclusions. The temperature of which to a tooth was exposed could be established by the analysis of its cone beam tomography changes a process that might be useful for forensic identification of human remains. The domestic pig (Sus domesticus) constitutes a suitable experimental animal model to study temperature changes, however, it is recommended to conduct studies with humans to determine whether the cone beam tomography findings described are consistent.