Füsun Sengül

A Review of Waste Management Options in Olive Oil Production

In this article, treatment and disposal alternatives of olive oil mill wastes and technical requirements for their management are covered. Waste characteristics, treatment options with regard to the economic feasibility, and challenges of existing waste disposal practices in olive growing countries are mentioned. Attention is drawn to present-day techniques of waste management. The search concerning the environmentally acceptable, economically feasible, and practically applicable methods of disposal of olive oil mill wastes is referred. In the management schemes, compliance with environmental regulations and economic and social benefits of the olive oil production are the goals that must be simultaneously achieved.

Photochemical Degradation and Mineralization of Phenol: A Comparative Study

Abstract In this study, photochemical advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) utilizing the combinations of UV, UV/H2O2, and UV/H2O2/Fe2+ (Photo-Fenton process) were investigated in lab-scale experiments for the degradation and mineralization of phenol. The major parameters investigated were the initial phenol concentration, pH, hydrogen peroxide, and iron doses, and the effect of the presence of radical scavengers ( , and Cl− ions). It was observed that the phenol degradation efficiency decreased with increasing phenol concentration and pH in UV process. Maximum phenol oxidation efficiency for an initial concentration of 100 mg L−1 and at pH 3 was around 30% in direct photolysis. The efficiency increased to 97% with UV/H2O2 process, however, there was still negligible mineralization (9%) and the required irradiation time was still long (300 min). The results showed that the Photo-Fenton process was the most effective treatment process under acidic conditions. Complete disappearance of 100 mg L−1 phenol was achieved in 2.5 min and almost complete mineralization (97%) was also possible after 300 min of irradiation. The efficiency was negatively affected from H2O2 in UV/H2O2 process and Fe2+ in Photo-Fenton process over a certain concentration. The highest negative effect was observed with solution containing ions. Required reaction time for complete disappearance of 100 mg L−1 phenol increased from 2.5 min for an ion-free solution to 60 min for that containing . The photodegradation of phenol was found to follow the first-order law.

Pollution Prevention Studies in Cotton Textile Industry in Turkey

Manufacturers are now recognizing the likely impact their activity can have on the environment and feel responsible for devising remedies to some of the existing problems. Attempts in textile sector to minimize pollution and produce “environmentally friendly textile products” have been accelerated in the last years. In several developed countries, environmentally-friendly initiatives are being taken by private and public sector industries. In this context, several eco-labelling standards which differ from each other are established.