Gangchoon Lee

Emissions of Air Pollutants and Greenhouse Gases from Aircraft Activities at the Small Scale Airports

Abstract Emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases (GHGs) from aircraft activities at 11 small-scale airports were investigated using the emissions and dispersion modeling system (EDMS) version 5.1.3 during the two year period of 2009~2010. The number of landing and take-off (LTO) at these airports was dominant for the aircraft type B737, accounting for more than 60% of the total LTOs. Out of the 11 small-scale airports, Gwangju (GJ, RKJJ) airport was the largest emitter of air pollutants and GHGs, whereas Yangyang (YY, RKNY) airport was the smallest emitter. The emissions of NO x and VOCs in 2010 at the 11 airports ranged from 1.9 to 83 ton/y and 0.1 to 17 ton/y, respectively. In 2010, the emissions of CO 2 ranged from 394 to 21,217 ton/y. The emissions of most air pollutants (except for NO x and PM 10 ) and GHGs were estimated to be the highest in taxi-out mode. The highest emissions of NO x and PM 10 were emitted from climb-out and approach modes, respectively. In addition, the total LTOs at the 11 small-scale airports accounted for the range of 9.3~9.9% of those at four major international airports in Korea. The total emissions of air pollutants and GHGs at the 11 airports ranged from 4.8 to 12% of those at the four major airports. Key words: Aircraft. EDMS, Air pollutants, Greenhouse gas, Emission, Airport

Parametric Studies on the Performance of Anion Exchange for Nitrate Removal

Ion exchange performance to remove nitrate in surface and underground water was studied experimentally in batch and continuous operation systems under various conditions. Data were collected by using commercially available strong-base anion-exchange resins of C1 and OH types. Equilibrium curves, obtained through the batch system and plotted as the concentration ratio versus run time, were used to evaluate the effects of temperature, resin type, and initial feed concentration on the equilibrium characteristics of nitrate. The selectivity coefficients of the resins were correlated as a function of temperature by using the Kraus-Raridon equation. Breakthrough curves, obtained through the continuous column system and plotted as the ratio of effluent to influent concentration versus solution volume passed through the experimental column, gave detailed results about the effects of the system parameters, such as temperature, resin type, feed concentration, volumetric flow rate, column diameter and height on the performance of the anion exchange to remove nitrate. The results of this study could be scaled up and used as a design tool for a water-purification system of real ground water and surface water treatment processes.

Equilibrium Property of Ion Exchange Resin for Silica Removal at Ultralow Concentration

Ion exchange resin was used to remove silica ion at ultralow concentration. The effects of temperature, type of ion exchange resin and single/mixed-resin systems on removal efficiency were estimated. As temperature increased, the slope of concentration profile became stiff, and the equilibrium concentration was higher. In the single resin system, the removal of silica was continued up to 400 min, but the silica concentration was recovered to initial concentration after 400 min due to the effect of dissolved . In the mixed-resin system it took about 600 min to reach equilibrium. Because of faster cation exchange reaction than anion exchange reaction, the effect of could be removed. Based on the experimental results carried out in the mixed-resin system, the selectivity coefficients of silica ion for each ion exchange resin were calculated at some specific temperatures. The temperature dependency of the selectivity coefficient was expressed by the equation of Kraus-Raridon type.

The Effects of Resin Ratio and Bed Depth on the Performance of Mixed-bed Ion Exchange at Ultralow Solution

The effects of the cation-to-anion resin ratio and bed depth on ion exchange performance of mixed-bed were studied at ultralow solution concentration. Breakthrough curves were experimentally obtained for NaCI solution as functions of resin ratio and bed depth. The bed depth affects the pattern of the sodium breakthrough curve but not the chloride breakthrough curve in beds because of the selectivity difference. Resin selectivity determines the shape of breakthrough curves, Some sodium and chloride breakthrough curves crossed at a point as a function of resin ratio. The lower cation-to-anion resin ratio showed the higher effluent concentration or treated volume of the crossover point regardless of the total resin weight.