Genildo Bandeira Bruno

Avaliação de linhagens e cultivares de feijão-caupi, em Areia, PB

Ten breeding lines and three cultivars of cowpea-bean were evaluated. The experiment was set up in Areia, Brazil, between April and July/00, in Red-yellow Latossoil. The breeding lines TE-92-199-20F; TE-90-170-29F; TE-90-170-76F; CNCX-405-17F; CNCX-409-12F; TE-90-180-10F; TE-87-108-6G, Linhagem avancada, and IPA 206, BR-03 Tracuateua, cvs., presented length and average weight of pods according to the commercial patterns and number of pods by plant according to the pattern of the species (above twenty pods). The yield of green pods, green and dry grains, obtained by the breeding lines TE-90-170-76F; CNCX-409-12F; CNC-405-17F; TE-90-180-0F; TE-87-108-6G, Linhagem avancada and IPA 206, cultivar, were superior to 5.0 t/ha for green pods, to 3.0 t/ha for green grains and to 1.2 t/ha for dry grains, considered highest for the cowpea-beans. Highest yield of green pods (6.5 and 6.5 t/ha), green grains (3.8 and 3.8 t/ha), and dry grains (1.8 and 1.8 t/ha) were obtained, respectively, with the breeding line CNCX-409-12F and IPA 206 cv.

Behavior of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seeds submitted the fermentation and drying

Sementes de roma (Punica granatum L.) foram submetidas a diferentes periodos de fermentacao (0; 24; 48; 72 e 96 horas), com e sem secagem. Avaliaram-se suas qualidades fisica e fisiologica, atraves das determinacoes do grau de umidade, peso de 100 sementes, porcentagem de emergencia e velocidade de emergencia de plântulas (IVE). O delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial, onde os cinco periodos de fermentacao frente as duas condicoes (com e sem secagem) constituiram os tratamentos. Sementes submetidas ao maior periodo de fermentacao apresentaram sarcotestas mais degradadas, favorecendo, consequentemente, uma melhor absorcao de agua, resultando numa porcentagem de emergencia de 55% e IVE de 0,38, em 72 horas de fermentacao. A secagem das sementes apos fermentacao promoveu uma menor porcentagem de emergencia e IVE, apesar de se verificar um aumento de ambos, quando as sementes permaneceram em fermentacao por um maior periodo. O comportamento verificado nas sementes de roma frente aos tratamentos empregados parece estar associado a fenomenos de dormencia ou sensibilidade a secagem, caracteristica esta, de sementes recalcitrantes.

Produção e qualidade de sementes e raízes de cenoura cultivada em solo com adubação orgânica e mineral

The inexistence of organic seeds in the market and the absence of information constitute a difficulty for the organic production. The green fertilizer efficiency (GF) was evaluated, of organic compound (OC), and biofertilizer (B) in carrot production and seeds quality, compared to conventional fertilizer (CF-control), through the treatments: 1) CF; 2, GF+B via soil; 3) GF+B via plant; 4) OC+B via soil; 5) OC+B via plant; 6) OC+GF+B via soil and 7) OC+GF+B via plant. Higher morphological values (height, length and diameter), of germination and vigor were given by treatment 5, while production and total soluble solids reached higher gradients when growing plants with treatment 4, upper data of treatment 1. Treatment 3 resulted in root production with lower number of branches nematode. Carrots of preview treatments 2 and 6 were classified in a lower size. Decomposition of GF, linked to B applied to the plant, may have given a higher carrot resistance to nematodes and better commercial classification. Organic treatments resulted in better roots and seed quality and higher production.

Desempenho de sementes de sapoti (Achras sapota L.) submetidas a diferentes tratamentos pré-germinativos

O sapotizeiro (Achras sapota L.) e cultivado principalmente para a producao de frutos, encontrando-se entre os mais apreciados pela populacao das areas onde cresce. Sua propagacao pode dar-se atraves de enxertia ou diretamente por sementes, dando origem aos chamados pes-francos. Considerando o fato de que muitas das especies florestais e frutiferas apresentam o fenomeno de dormencia, e diante da necessidade de se intensificar estudos que melhor expliquem tal processo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiencia de diferentes tratamentos pre-germinativos em sementes de sapoti, visando a acelerar e uniformizar a germinacao de suas sementes. O ensaio foi conduzido em casa de vegetacao do Departamento de Fitotecnia, CCA/UFPB, Areia-PB, sendo utilizados os seguintes tratamentos: imersao em agua a 60°C por 1, 2 e 3 minutos; corte lateral (ao embriao) com e sem embebicao em agua por 24 horas; corte distal (ao embriao) com e sem embebicao em agua por 24 horas; corte lateral+distal (ao embriao) com e sem embebicao em agua por 24 horas e a testemunha (ausencia de tratamento). Efetuados os tratamentos, foi realizada a semeadura em bandejas contendo areia lavada e autoclavada, utilizando-se de quatro repeticoes de 25 sementes. As caracteristicas avaliadas foram: percentagem e indice de velocidade de emergencia, comprimento de raiz e de hipocotilo e peso de materia seca de planta. O delineamento experimental foi o Inteiramente Casualizado, e os contrastes entre as medias foram realizados atraves do teste de Duncan, ao nivel de 5% de probabilidade. As sementes de sapoti exibiram maior emergencia (81%) e indice de velocidade de emergencia (0,58) quando submetidas ao corte lateral, sem embebicao. O corte das sementes seguido de embebicao por 24 horas nao foi eficiente para acelerar a emergencia e o indice de velocidade de emergencia de plântulas de sapoti. A imersao em agua a 60°C, independentemente do tempo utilizado, nao deve ser recomendada como tratamento pre-germinativo para sementes de sapoti.

Effect of the volume of water and of soil mulch on the initial growth of passion fruit

The experiment was carried out in a randomized block using a factorial design 4 x 2, using polyethylene bags with 50 cm heights and 36 cm diameters in order to evaluate the effects of 1.25, 2.50, 3.75 and 5.00 L of water twice a week in the presence and absence of soil mulch with (Brachiaria decumbens), on the growth of the yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg) during the first ninety days after transplanting. The diameter of the stem expressed growth of plants better than height, as it presented the same statistical significance in relation to the number of productive branches, floral buttons, healthy new fruits and dry matter of the roots, stems and leaves. The supply of 10 L of water in two weekly applications of 5 L maintained the substrate water content at a level adequate for crop development, however the soil mulch exercised a positive effect only on the dry matter of stems and roots of the plants.

Efeito do beneficiamento na qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de sementes do algodoeiro herbáceo

Seeds of cotton cvs. CNPA Precoce 2 and CNPA 7H, produced under irrigated conditions in Touros Rio Grande do Norte State Brazil during the 1998/99 growing season were submitted to deseeding, mechanical or chemical delintering and then, packed in multi-layered paper bags and stored in a dry chamber or under room conditions during 360 days. Every 90 days, data on physiological and sanitary conditions of seeds were collected. The split plot design was employed, with four replications for each whole plot treatment arranged according to a completely randomized design. Collected data were analyzed by variance analysis and polynomial regression techniques. Chemically delinted seeds from both varieties, stored in dry chamber, preserved their physiological qualities until 270 days of storage. cv. CNPA Precoce 2 deseeded or mechanically delinted seeds kept better their physiological and sanitary conditions when stored in dry chamber. The same occurred for cv. CNPA 7H seeds when stored under room conditions. Seed mycoflora was constituted by Aspergillus.

Cultivares, épocas de plantio e componentes da produção no consórcio de algodão e amendoim

The intercrops are practiced by small farmers aiming to favor not only the diet and the income of their families, but also to decrease the risks of production losses. It was aimed with this work to study the influence of cotton and peanut cultivars and relative planting times as intercroping, being verified the components of the production, vegetable productivity, as well as the quality of the products. The experiment was conducted in Missao Velha, Ceara State, Brazil, at Cotton Experimental Field of Embrapa in the agricultural year of 2002. Inall 20 treatments were tested with 4 repetitions, in a randomized block with 2 x 2 x 4 + 2 + 2 factorial, the factors being two cultivars of cotton (BRS 186 - precocious 3 and BRS 201), two cultivars of peanut (L7 and BR-1), four planting times (0; 7; 14 and 21 days) plus the isolated controls of the two cultivrs of cotton and peanut crops. The technological characteristics of the cotton fiber practically did not suffer influence of the intercroping, however, the yield of both cotton and peanut crops decrease as a function of cultivation system due to established competition between the two crops.