Geoffrey Muricho

Preliminary Impact of long duration improved Pigeonpea in Babati district - TANZANIA

The study is aimed at assessing the economic impacts of adoption of improved pigeon pea cultivar in some villages belonging to Babati , a major Pigeonpea producing district of northern Tanzania. A stratified sampling approach has been used for the purpose of the study. The questionnaire used for the survey was prepared by taking into consideration all the details about the target areas obtained through consultative meetings and from other secondary sources. A total of 240 households were surveyed , 40each from the six villages namely Nangara & Bagara of Babati ward, Singe, Managat, Nakwa, Boga villages of Gorowa ward. A with and without approach has been used. Besides Area and Production related data have been collected for the year 2004 from FAO STAT (2004) have also been used. Primary data on the socio economic characteristics of the farm households, asset ownership , economics of Pigeon pea production, preferences of the farmer about the improved cultivar, their adoption ,constraints they faced in adoption and the details on livestock were elucidated during the survey. through well structured questionnaires.

CAPRi Project: Collective Marketing in Mbeere and Makueni Districts, Kenya

The Study reviews the conceptual issues which are responsible for the presence of the imperfect markets in smallholder agricultural systems and the extent to which the rural institutional and organizational innovations can help in addressing these issues.The data set reports the findings of the two rounds of survey conducted in two districts of Kenya namely Mbeere and Makueni.The two rounds of survey consists of the baseline survey conducted in 2003 prior to the formation of the producer marketing groups( PMG s) during which 400 households were surveyed (240 Mbeere & 160 Makueni) which was used to collect information on the poverty level and adoption of agricultural technology.The findings of the follow up survey which was conducted in 2005 have also been given. The follow up survey was conducted at three levels:village/community level , PMG level and farm household level. A total of 400 were surveyed which included 250 households from the baseline survey.Details on demography,resource use, socio- economic conditions, general characteristics, asset ownership,major constraints faced and overall economic profiles of the PMG s, access to information ,credit, awareness of collective marketing groups and the households perceived benefits about the same were collected during the follow up survey.

Adoption And Imapct Of Improved Groundnut Varieties In Uganda - Group survey at village level

Primary survey was conducted in 2 stages. The first stage survey was a reconnaissance survey with the objective of getting a broader understanding of production and marketing conditions in Uganda. The inputs from the discussions with farmers, traders, extension staff who were working with the farmers directly was used to refine the objectives of the study ,sampling methods and survey instruments. During the second stage of the survey households from seven districts namely Arua, Lira, Soroti, Iganga, Tororo, Mbale and Busha. One randomly selected district was surveyed where farming ices of Teso, Lango, Montane, West Nile where practiced 3 districts where Banana-Cotton -Finger millet farming system were surveyed. A multi stage stratified sampling technique was used to sample households in the selected districts, A list of all Groundnut producing counties were identified from which 3 sub counties were randomly selected from which 3 parishes were randomly selected, thus resulting in 9 parishes for each district. From these 9 parishes 1 village was selected in which 15 households were surveyed thus totalling to 945 households in the seven sample districts.

5 Rural Institutions and Imperfect Agricultural Markets in Africa: Experiences from Producer Marketing Groups in Kenya

Many Sub-Saharan African countries have liberalized their economies and developed poverty reduction strategies aimed at opening up new market-led opportunities for economic recovery and accelerated growth. The outcomes of these policy reforms have, however, been quite mixed (Winter-Nelson and Temu 2002; Dorward and Kydd 2004; Fafchamps 2004). Many smallholder farmers continue to engage in subsistence agriculture and are therefore unable to benefit from liberalized markets. Structural problems of poor infrastructure (Kydd and Dorward 2004; Dorward et al. 2005) and lack of market-enabling institutions (World Bank 2002, 2003) continue to characterize the subsector, contributing to high transaction costs, coordination failure, and pervasive market imperfections. Moreover, partial implementation of reforms and policy reversals in terms of increasing the use of discretionary trade policy instruments by the state or parastatal marketing boards have tended to mute the positive effects of liberalization (Jayne et al. 2002; Jayne, Chapoto, and Shiferaw 2009). Although the opportunities afforded by liberalization have not been fully exploited, the expectation that removing or rationalizing state marketing boards would open opportunities for the private sector to take over these functions has not been fully realized in many areas. This is mainly because of underdeveloped infrastructure and missing institutions that support the proper functioning of markets. The private-sector traders are unlikely to offer input and output marketing services to smallholder producers in such less favored areas, where market infrastructure or enabling institutions are weak or missing. Lack of such infrastructure and institutions diminishes the incentives for the private sector to invest in agribusiness development and the provision of marketing functions, especially for food staples and other low-value grains produced in these areas. However, avenues exist in market institutions that make use of collective action to complement government and private-sector responses for enhanced coordination in rural commodity markets. This is because the individual marketing of produce may not make economic sense due to small quantities, large spatial distances from input and output markets, and the associated high transportation costs, all characteristics of small-scale production in Sub-Saharan Africa. 5 Rural Institutions and Imperfect Agricultural Markets in Africa: Experiences from Producer Marketing Groups in Kenya