Geraldo R. Zuba Junio

Crescimento de mudas de pinhão-manso em resposta a adubação com superfosfato simples e pó-de-rocha

Research into rock-flour have shown the potential of some of these residues in promoting the mineral enrichment of soils; a practice defined as stonemeal soil. Such practice aims to increase soil fertility and provide good productivity and greater agricultural sustainability. The present study had as objective to evaluate the growth of jatropha seedlings (Jatropha curcas L.) in response to fertilization of the substrate with single superphosphate and rock-flour. The experiment was setup and conducted from September to November, 2007, in a greenhouse at the Institute of Agricultural Sciences/UFMG. The treatments, in a 2 x 5 factorial design of randomized blocks, with three replications, corresponded to two doses of rock-flour (0 and 20 kg m-3 of substrate) and 5 doses of single superphosphate (1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 kg m-3 of substrate). Plant height, stem diameter, plant height/stem diameter ratio, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, fresh and dry matter of root and shoot, total fresh and dry matter, shoot/root dry-matter ratio, dry matter content and the Dickson quality index- IQD, were all evaluated. The results show no significant interaction between the levels of phosphorus and rock-flour applied and the variables studied. The application of single superphosphate was significant for plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, root, shoot and total fresh matter, with a positive response up to the maximum applied phosphorus dosage.

Metais pesados em milho fertilizado com fosfato natural e composto de lodo de esgoto

Em virtude do elevado teor de nutrientes e materia orgânica o lodo de esgoto tem sido reportado em diversos trabalhos, como excelente adubo orgânico. Entretanto, a presenca de metais pesados pode inviabilizar sua utilizacao agricola. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar os teores de metais pesados no solo e em folhas de milho fertilizado com fosfato natural e composto de lodo de esgoto. O trabalho foi realizado em area experimental do ICA/UFMG, em CAMBISSOLO HAPLICO, em Montes Claros, MG. Os tratamentos, em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, foram constituidos de 2 doses de fosfato natural reativo (0 e 90 kg ha-1 de P2O5) e 4 doses de composto de lodo de esgoto (0; 25; 50 e 75 Mg ha-1). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com 3 repeticoes dos tratamentos e 180 plantas por parcela. De modo geral, o fosfato natural nao influenciou os teores de metais pesados no solo; entretanto, os teores de Cu, Zn e Pb no solo aumentaram com a aplicacao de doses de composto de lodo de esgoto. Aplicacoes de doses de composto de lodo de esgoto de ate 75 Mg ha-1 nao aumentaram os teores de Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni e Cr acima dos limites criticos estabelecidos pela legislacao. Na planta, os teores de Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd e Cr nao foram influenciados pela aplicacao de fosfato natural porem o teor de Zn aumentou e o de Pb reduziu com a aplicacao de doses de composto de lodo de esgoto.

Teores de metais pesados no solo e em girassol adubado com lodo de esgoto

The aim of this study was to evaluate the contents of heavy metals in soil and in sunflower plants fertilized with sewage sludge. The experiment was conducted in Cambisol, during the period of April to September 2011. The treatments, distributed in a randomized block design with four replicates, corresponding to a treatment with chemical fertilization and five doses of sewage sludge, based on the N content in residue and N requirement of sunflower (0, 4.84; 9.68; 19.36 and 29.04 t ha-1, on dry weight basis). Zn levels in soil and plant were higher under the application of sewage sludge compared to treatment of chemical fertilizer. The application of sewage sludge increases levels of Cu, Ni and Pb in soil and has no influence on the levels of Zn, Fe, Mn, B, Cd and Crin this substrate. On the other hand, at the plant, with increased of sewage sludge dose, it was observed an increase in the levels of Zn, Cu, and Mn and reduction on Pb content.

Metais pesados em girassol adubado com lodo de esgoto submetido a diferentes processos de estabilização

O lodo de esgoto apresenta grande potencial para utilizacao agricola; entretanto, esta forma de disposicao final causa preocupacao uma vez que existe a possibilidade de insercao de metais pesados na cadeia alimentar. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar os teores de metais pesados no solo e na planta de girassol em resposta a adubacao com lodo de esgoto submetido a diferentes processos de estabilizacao. O experimento foi desenvolvido em Cambissolo Haplico com os tratamentos: testemunha (sem adubacao), adubacao com lodo de esgoto solarizado, adubacao com lodo de esgoto compostado, adubacao com lodo de esgoto vermicompostado, adubacao com lodo de esgoto caleado e adubacao quimica recomendada para a cultura. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com 4 repeticoes. Independente da forma de estabilizacao, a aplicacao de lodo de esgoto nao influenciou os teores de Cu, Cr, Cd e Ni no solo porem aumentou os teores de Zn. A aplicacao de lodo de esgoto solarizado e de lodo de esgoto caleado aumentou os teores de Pb no solo; de modo geral, os teores de metais pesados na folha e no peciolo do girassol nao foram influenciados pela aplicacao de lodo de esgoto.

Yield and nutrition of sunflower fertilized with sewage sludge stabilized by different processes

Os diferentes metodos de estabilizacao de lodo de esgoto modificam suas propriedades quimicas, fisicas e biologicas, podendo alterar sua eficiencia para aplicacao na agricultura. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar a produtividade e os teores de nutrientes, no solo e na planta de girassol, adubada com lodo de esgoto submetido a diferentes processos de estabilizacao. O experimento foi desenvolvido em cambissolo haplico, com os tratamentos: testemunha (sem adubacao), adubacao com lodo de esgoto solarizado, adubacao com lodo de esgoto compostado, adubacao com lodo de esgoto vermicompostado, adubacao com lodo de esgoto caleado e adubacao quimica recomendada para a cultura. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com quatro repeticoes. As diferentes formas de tratamento do lodo de esgoto nao influenciaram a produtividade; entretanto, a aplicacao desse residuo, independentemente do metodo de estabilizacao empregado, mostrou-se mais eficiente que a adubacao quimica e que o tratamento testemunha. A adubacao com lodo de esgoto caleado proporcionou maiores teores de nutrientes no solo, enquanto os tratamentos com lodo de esgoto compostado e vermicompostado apresentaram maiores teores de macronutrientes na folha e no peciolo, exceto no caso do nitrogenio, cujo teor foi maior com a aplicacao de lodo de esgoto caleado.

Produtividade de milho adubado com composto de lodo de esgoto e fosfato natural de Gafsa

The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield and concentrations of nutrients in soil and corn plant in response to fertilization with different doses of sewage sludge compost and Gafsa rock phosphate. The work was conducted at experimental area of the ICA/UFMG in a Haplic Cambisol. The treatments, in a factorial 2 x 4, corresponded to two rates of Gafsa rock phosphate (0 and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1) and four rates of sewage sludge compost (0, 25, 50 and 75 t ha-1, on dry basis). The experimental design was randomized blocks, with three replications. In general, the corn yield and the concentrations of macronutrients in soil and plant were not influenced by fertilization with Gafsa rock phosphate. However, corn yield and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and sulfur concentration in the soil and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentration in leaf increased with the addition of sewage sludge compost to soil, being the optimal recommended rate of 75 t ha-1.

Produção de milho adubado residualmente com composto de lodo de esgoto e fosfato de Gafsa

The aim of this study was to evaluate the residual effect of fertilization with sewage sludge compost and rock phosphate on the chemical properties of the soil, nutrient content in plant and corn yield. The study was conducted on Haplic Cambisol. The treatments, in a factorial 2 x 4, corresponded to two doses of Gafsa phosphate (0 and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1) and four doses of sewage sludge compost (0, 25, 50 and 75 Mg ha-1 dry weight basis). The experimental design was in randomized blocks with three replications. In general, the corn yield and content of macronutrients in soil and plant on the second crop of corn were not influenced by the residual effects of fertilization with phosphate rock. However, corn yield and nutrient content in soil and leaves increased with the dose of sewage sludge compost applied to the soil, and the dose of 75 Mg ha-1 was the one with the highest residual effect. The yield of corn was lower in the second successive cultivation, due to the impoverishment of the soil phosphorus and potassium, recommending new fertilization with sewage sludge in every cultivation.