Network


Latest external collaboration on country level. Dive into details by clicking on the dots.

Hotspot


Dive into the research topics where Gerd Neidhart is active.

Publication


Featured researches published by Gerd Neidhart.


Anesthesia & Analgesia | 2001

Prophylactically-administered rectal acetaminophen does not reduce postoperative opioid requirements in infants and small children undergoing elective cleft palate repair.

Dorothee H. Bremerich; Gerd Neidhart; Klaus Heimann; P. Kessler; M. Behne

Rectal acetaminophen (Ac) is often administered prophylactically at anesthesia induction for postoperative pain management in small children and is thought to have an opioid-sparing effect. We assessed in this double-blinded, prospective, randomized study early opioid requirements after three doses of Ac (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg versus placebo) in 80 children (ASA physical status I, age 11.4 ± 9.9 mo) undergoing cleft palate repair. Single Ac plasma concentrations were measured. Pain scores assessed in the postanesthesia care unit of ≥4 of 10 resulted in the IV administration of 25 &mgr;g/kg piritramide, a popular European &mgr; receptor agonist (lockout time, 10 min; maximum 0.125 mg/kg). There were no significant differences between groups with regard to the early postoperative pain scores and the overall cumulative IV opioid requirements. Maximal plasma concentrations achieved were only subtherapeutic (Ac 10 mg/kg: 8 &mgr;g/mL; Ac 20 mg/kg: 13 &mgr;g/mL; Ac 40 mg/kg: 21 &mgr;g/mL after 122, 122, and 121 min, respectively). We conclude that rectal Ac up to 40 mg/kg has no opioid-sparing effect, does not result in analgesic Ac plasma concentrations, and lacks proof of its efficacy in infants and small children undergoing cleft palate repair, whereas titrated IV opioid boluses produced rapid and reliable pain relief.


Anaesthesist | 2001

Postoperative Schmerztherapie im Kindesalter : Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen Umfrage in Deutschland

Dorothee H. Bremerich; Gerd Neidhart; B. Roth; P. Kessler; M. Behne

ZusammenfassungDie letzte anästhesiologische Repräsentativerhebung zur postoperativen Schmerztherapie in Deutschland stammt aus dem Jahre 1987, differenzierte Daten zur postoperativen Schmerztherapie im Kindesalter fehlen bisher. Ziel unserer Umfrage war es, den Status quo der postoperativen Schmerztherapie im Kindesalter in deutschen anästhesiologischen Kliniken im Jahre 2000 zu erfassen. An anästhesiologische Abteilungen und interdisziplinäre Intensivstationen (n=1.500) deutscher Krankenhäuser wurde ein detaillierter Fragebogen zur aktuellen Praxis der postoperativen Schmerztherapie im Kindesalter versendet. Die Rücklaufquote betrug 42,6%. Rektal appliziertes Paracetamol ist das Standardmedikament in der postoperativen Schmerztherapie im Kindesalter, Opioide werden im Vergleich zu früheren Untersuchungen vermehrt eingesetzt. Nichtsteroidale Antiphlogistika und Spasmolytika spielen ebenso wie Regionalanästhesietechniken in der postoperativen Schmerztherapie im Kindesalter eine untergeordnete Rolle. Im europäischen Vergleich werden neuere Methoden wie die patienten- oder elternkontrollierte Analgesie in Deutschland häufiger eingesetzt. Trotz moderner Organisationskonzepte und einer Vielzahl von angewandten Substanzen halten 71,7% der Anästhesisten die postoperative Schmerztherapie im Kindesalter für verbesserungswürdig.AbstractThe last survey addressing postoperative pain management in Germany was published in 1987, special data concerning postoperative pain management in pediatric patients had not been presented previously. The goal of this survey is to present the standard of postoperative pain management in pediatric patients in Germany. A detailed questionnaire was mailed to all German anaesthesia departments and interdisciplinary intensive care units (n=1,500) to determine the current management of postoperative pain management in pediatric patients. After eight weeks, 42.6% of the survey had been returned. Rectally administered acetaminophen is the standard drug regimen for postoperative analgesia in children. Compared to previous surveys, the use of opioids has increased in popularity. The routine use of non-steroid antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and spasmolytics as well as the application of regional anaesthesia techniques is uncommon in pediatric postoperative pain management. Compared to other European countries, patient- or parent-controlled analgesia is more popular in Germany. Despite modern concepts of organization and a great variety of drugs available today, 71.1% of the responding anesthesiologists in this survey still believe that pediatric postoperative pain management needs to be improved.


The Annals of Thoracic Surgery | 2003

Awake coronary artery bypass grafting: utopia or reality?

Tayfun Aybek; P. Kessler; Selami Dogan; Gerd Neidhart; M. F. Khan; Gerhard Wimmer-Greinecker; Anton Moritz

BACKGROUND Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) was implemented to reduce trauma during surgical coronary revascularization. High thoracic epidural anesthesia further reduced intraoperative stress and postoperative pain. This technique also supports awake coronary artery bypass (ACAB), completely avoiding the drawbacks of mechanical ventilation and general anesthesia in high-risk patients. We compared our first results of the ACAB procedure with the conventional OPCAB operation. METHODS Thirty-five patients underwent ACAB (group A) with left internal mammary artery to left anterior descending coronary artery grafting using a partial lower ministernotomy (n = 25) or double bypass grafting (n = 9) and even triple vessel coronary artery revascularization (n = 1) through complete median sternotomy. Thirty-four patients (group B), matched for age, sex, and comorbidity with group A, underwent either partial lower ministernotomy (n = 24) or OPCAB by complete sternotomy (n = 10). We recorded clinical outcomes and postoperative visual analog scale pain scores. RESULTS In group A, 32 patients remained awake throughout the entire procedure. Three patients required secondary intubation because of incomplete analgesia (n = 1) or pneumothorax (n = 2). Patients in group A had a recovery room stay of 6.0 +/- 3.2 hours. In group B, mechanical ventilation was implemented for 4.8 +/- 3.1 hours and intensive care unit stay lasted 12 +/- 6.8 hours. Group A had no in-hospital deaths, compared with 1 death in the conventional OPCAB group. Each group had 1 patient with graft stenosis detected on the predischarge angiogram. Early postoperative pain was significantly less in group A than in group B (visual analog scale of 32 +/- 8 compared with 58 +/- 11, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The present data demonstrate the feasibility and safety of surgical coronary revascularization without general anesthesia. Continuation of thoracic epidural analgesia provides better pain control and faster mobilization after such procedures. Surprisingly, the ACAB procedure was well accepted by the patients.


The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery | 2003

Operative techniques in awake coronary artery bypass grafting.

Tayfun Aybek; P. Kessler; M. F. Khan; Selami Dogan; Gerd Neidhart; Anton Moritz; Gerhard Wimmer-Greinecker

BACKGROUND Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting was implemented to reduce trauma of surgical coronary revascularization by avoiding extracorporeal circulation. High thoracic epidural anesthesia further reduces intraoperative stress and postoperative pain. In addition, this technique even allows awake coronary artery bypass grafting, avoiding the drawbacks of mechanical ventilation and general anesthesia in high-risk patients. METHODS Thirty-four patients underwent awake coronary artery bypass grafting with left internal thoracic artery to left anterior descending coronary artery by partial lower ministernotomy (n = 20), H-graft technique (n = 2), or rib cage-lifting technique (n = 2). In 9 cases we performed double bypass grafting, and in 1 case we performed triple-vessel coronary artery revascularization through complete median sternotomy. In addition to clinical outcomes, visual analog scale pain scores were recorded on days 1, 2, and 3 after surgery. RESULTS Thirty-one patients remained awake throughout the whole procedure. Three patients required secondary intubation because of incomplete analgesia (n = 1) or pneumothorax (n = 2). Procedure time was 90 +/- 31 minutes, and recovery room stay was 4.2 +/- 0.6 hours. There were no in-hospital deaths or serious postoperative complications. In 1 case a graft occlusion was documented on predischarge angiography. Early postoperative pain was low (visual analog scale score of 30 +/- 6). CONCLUSION These data demonstrate the feasibility and safety of various surgical coronary revascularization techniques without general anesthesia. Continuation of thoracic epidural analgesia provides good pain control and fast mobilization postoperatively. Surprisingly, the awake coronary artery bypass grafting procedure was well accepted by the patients.


World Journal of Surgery | 2003

Coronary artery bypass grafting via sternotomy in conscious patients.

Dirk Meininger; Gerd Neidhart; Dorothee H. Bremerich; Tayfun Aybek; V. Lischke; Christian Byhahn; P. Kessler

The application of high thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) as an adjunct to general anesthesia is increasingly being used for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with extracorporeal circulation. Recent developments in beating heart techniques rendered the sole use of TEA in conscious patients possible, and have been reported for single-vessel beating heart CABG via lateral thoracotomy. For multi-vessel revascularization, the heart is usually approached via sternotomy; therefore, the sole use of TEA was applied in awake patients who underwent CABG via sternotomy. A total of 7 patients scheduled for awake coronary artery bypass grafting (ACAB) received TEA via an epidural catheter placed at the levels of T1–2 or T2–3, respectively. Total arterial myocardial revascularization was performed after partial lower sternotomy. Besides standard monitoring, anesthetic levels were determined using an epidural scoring scale for arm movements (ESSAM). While 6 patients were awake and spontaneously breathing during the entire procedure, one patient had to be intubated intraoperatively because of respiratory distress caused by phrenic nerve palsy. Hemodynamics were stable throughout the operation. No significant arterial hypercarbia occurred. All patients rated TEA as “good” or “excellent.” We could demonstrate that the single use of TEA for CABG via sternotomy was feasible and that the patients felt well, were painfree, and remained hemodynamically stable. High patient satisfaction in our small and highly selected cohort can be reported. Because beating heart surgery in a conscious patient still carries a significant risk, further randomized controlled trials are mandatory to definitively evaluate the role of sole TEA in cardiac surgery.


Anaesthesist | 2001

Bronchoskopische Intubation in Remifentanil-Propofol-Sedierung

Gerd Neidhart; Dorothee H. Bremerich; P. Kessler

ZusammenfassungFragestellung. Die fiberoptische Intubation zur Bewältigung der schwierigen Intubation wird in den meisten Fällen an wachen, sedierten Patienten durchgeführt. Ziel der vorliegenden prospektiven Studie war es, die Kombination von Propofol und Remifentanil als Analgosedierung zur bronchoskopischen Intubation zu überprüfen. Methodik. Bei 40 Patienten mit vorhersehbar schwierigen Intubationsverhältnissen war die primäre bronchoskopische Intubation geplant. Nach Oberflächenanästhesie des Nasopharyngealraums mit Lidocain wurde neben der Applikation von Sauerstoff eine nasale Kapnographie zur Überwachung der Ventilation angeschlossen. Danach wurden die Infusionen mit Remifentanil (0,05 μg/kg/min) und Propofol (2 mg/kg/h) gestartet. Bei ersten Zeichen der Ermüdung erfolgte die nasale bronchoskopische Intubation. Die Analgosedierung wurde während der Intubation klinisch und kapnographisch gesteuert, die Remifentanildosierung bei Bedarf adaptiert. Ergebnisse. Alle Patienten mit teilweise schwersten anatomischen Veränderungen der oberen Atemwege konnten problemlos bronchoskopisch intubiert werden. Die nasale Kapnographie ermöglichte bei allen Patienten während des gesamten Bronchoskopiemanövers die Überwachung der Ventilation. Eine beginnende Hypoventilation konnte so in 6 Fällen rechtzeitig erkannt und durch alleinige Reduktion der Remifentanilinfusion therapiert werden. Kein Patient wurde während der bronchoskopischen Intubation hypoxisch oder hyperkapnisch. Blutdruck und Herzfrequenz schwankten nur bei einem von 40 Patienten um mehr als 30% vom Ausgangswert (37% Blutdruckanstieg). 35 Patienten zeigten während der Intubation eine gute bis sehr gute Sedierung, Husten trat bei 5 Patienten auf. Bei 37 von 40 Patienten bestand keine Erinnerung an die Intubation. Schlussfolgerung. Die von uns gewählte Kombination von Remifentanil (0,05 μg/kg/min) und Propofol (2 mg/kg/h) erwies sich als sicheres Sedierungsverfahren zur fiberoptischen Intubation. Die Überwachung der Ventilation durch nasale Kapnographie und der Oxygenierung durch Pulsoxymetrie gewährleistet hierbei eine ausreichende Patientensicherheit.AbstractObjective. Fiberoptic intubation for the management of the difficult airway is usually achieved with the patient under light sedation. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the combination of propofol and remifentanil for sedation during fiberoptic intubation. Methods. Plans were made to use fiberoptic intubation in 40 patients with predictably difficult airways. After topical anaesthesia of the pharynx with lidocaine, oxygen was administered via nasal cannula. A capnograph was attached to determine the adequacy of ventilation and an infusion of remifentanil (0,05 μg/kg/min) and propofol (2 mg/kg/h) was started. After the first signs of sedation, nasal fiberoptic intubation was carried out. The depth of sedation was guided by clinical observation and capnographic data and the remifentanil dose was adjusted as necessary. Results. All patients, including some with very severe airway anomalies, were uneventfully intubated using the regimen we have described. Nasal capnography made it possible to monitor ventilation in all patients during bronchoscopy and intubation. The onset of hypoventilation was recognized in patients and appropriately treated by adjusting the narcotic dose. No subject became hypoxic or hypercarbic during the procedure. The changes of blood pressure and heart rate exeeded the 30% range in only one patient (a 37% blood pressure increase). Sedation was rated as good to very good in 35 patients. Coughing occurred only in 5 patients and 37 out of 40 patients had no recall that intubation had occurred. Conclusion. Our combination of remifentanil and propofol was shown to be a safe sedation regimen for fiberoptic intubation. Monitoring ventilation via nasal capnography and arterial oxygen saturation via pulse oximetry provided sufficient patient safety.


Anaesthesist | 2002

Koronare Bypassoperation mit kompletter medianer Sternotomie am wachen Patienten in hoher thorakaler Periduralanästhesie

P. Kessler; Gerd Neidhart; V. Lischke; Dorothee H. Bremerich; Tayfun Aybek; Selami Dogan; Christian Byhahn

ZusammenfassungFragestellung. Die hohe thorakale Periduralanästhesie (TEA) in Kombination mit einer Allgemeinanästhesie wird bereits vielfach im Rahmen der koronaren Bypasschirurgie mit und ohne extrakorporaler Zirkulation angewendet. Erste Fallberichte über den alleinigen Einsatz einer TEA zur koronaren Eingefäßrevaskularisation über eine laterale Thorakotomie am wachen Patienten existieren. Da die myokardiale Mehrfachrevaskularisation üblicherweise jedoch nur über eine mediane Sternotomie durchgeführt werden kann, berichten wir erstmals über die Anwendung der alleinigen TEA an wachen Patienten mit koronarer Mehrgefäßerkrankung, die über eine mediane Sternotomie revaskularisiert wurden. Methodik. Es erhielten 10 Patienten nach Anlage eines Periduralkatheters in Höhe Th1/2 oder Th2/3 eine TEA mit Ropivacain und Sufentanil. Nach kompletter medianer Sternotomie erfolgte die Durchführung einer total arteriellen Revaskularisation am schlagenden Herzen. Neben dem üblichen Monitoring wurde die Anästhesieausbreitung mit einer Epidural Scoring Scale for Arm Movements (ESSAM) überprüft. Ergebnisse Bis auf einen Patienten, der aufgrund eines chirurgisch bedingten Pneumothorax intraoperativ intubiert werden musste, konnte die Operation in Spontanatmung durchgeführt werden. Die hämodynamischen Parameter waren intraoperativ stets stabil. Lediglich während der Anastomosennaht kam es zu einem signifikanten Abfall von Herzfrequenz und mittlerem arteriellen Blutdruck. Eine arterielle Hyperkapnie trat unter Spontanatmung nicht auf. Die anhand der 101-rangigen visuellen Analogskala subjektiv beurteilte Schmerzstärke lag intraoperativ im Mittel unter 20 (Median 10, 95%-Konfidenzintervall 4,2–21,6). Alle Patienten beurteilten das Anästhesieverfahren positiv. TEA-assoziierte Komplikationen traten nicht auf. Schlussfolgerung. Wir konnten zeigen, dass die myokardiale Revaskularisation über eine mediane Sternotomie in alleiniger TEA ohne Allgemeinanästhesie bei unserem kleinen und selektionierten Patientenkollektiv mit guten Ergebnissen und hoher Patientenzufriedenheit durchgeführt werden konnte. Um den Stellenwert der alleinigen TEA in der Kardioanästhesie beurteilen zu können, sind jedoch randomisierte Vergleichsstudien an großen Patientenkollektiven erforderlich.AbstractObjective. High thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) combined with general anesthesia is increasingly being used for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with extracorporeal circulation. Recent developments in beating heart techniques have rendered the use of TEA alone in conscious patients possible and have been reported for single-vessel beating heart CABG via lateral thoracotomy. For multi-vessel revascularization the heart is usually approached via median sternotomy, therefore the use of TEA alone was applied in awake patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease who underwent CABG via median sternotomy. Methods. A total of 10 patients scheduled for awake coronary artery bypass grafting (ACAB) received TEA via an epidural catheter placed at T1/2 or T2/3. Total arterial myocardial revascularization was performed after median sternotomy. In addition to standard monitoring, anesthetic sensory and motor block levels were determined using an epidural scoring scale for arm movements (ESSAM). Results. Except for one patient who required intraoperative endotracheal intubation due to a pneumothorax, all patients were awake and maintained spontaneous breathing during the entire procedure. Compared to baseline values, hemodynamic parameters, e.g. arterial blood pressure (SAP, MAP, DAP) and heart rate significantly declined during coronary anastomosis. No significant hypercarbia was observed. The intraoperative pain level was subjectively estimated by the patients as less than 20 out of 100 (median 10.95% confidence interval 4.2–21.6) using a visual analogue scale. All patients rated TEA as “good” or “excellent”. Adverse effects associated with TEA were not observed. Conclusions. We could demonstrate that the use of TEA alone for CABG via median sternotomy was feasible and produced good results. High patient satisfaction in our small and highly selected cohort could be reported. Nevertheless, randomized controlled trials in large cohorts are mandatory to definitively evaluate the role of TEA alone in cardiac surgery.


Zeitschrift Fur Kardiologie | 2002

Totalarterielle Bypassoperationen über komplette Sternotomie am wachen Patienten

Tayfun Aybek; Selami Dogan; P. Kessler; Gerd Neidhart; M. F. Khan; Gerhard Wimmer-Greinecker; Anton Moritz

Backround In minimally invasive coronary artery bypass surgery beating heart procedures and operations via limited incisions became more popular and are routinely performed in many centers. An additinal approach to minimize general trauma is avoidance of general anesthesia endotracheal intubation. Patients and methods Between March and June 2001, 14 spontaneously breathing patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting on the beating heart without general anesthesia. Intra- and postoperative analgesia management was performed using continuous epidural infusion of local anesthetics at level Th2–Th3. Single (n=8) as well as double (n=5) and triple (n=1) bypass grafting was performed with the off pump technique. Surgical access to the chest cavity was created via partial (n=8) or complete sternotomy (n=6). Results Twelve patients remained awake throughout the procedure; 2 patients required secondary intubation due to incomplete sensory block and pneumothorax. Operating time was 94±18 minutes. Intermediate care monitoring time amounted to 4.8±0.6 hours. No surgery-related complications or myocardial infarction occured. Postoperative angiography reviewed good graft function in all patients. Conclusion Our preliminary experience shows that complete surgical revascularization is safe and feasible without endotracheal intubation and general anesthesia. Thus, invasiveness in cardiac surgery is further reduced with less need for intensive care unit monitoring enabling faster mobilization and recovery. Hintergrund Im Zuge der Entwicklung minimalinvasiver Operationstechniken in der Herzchirurgie gehören Koronarbypassoperationen am schlagenden Herzen und Operationen über limitierte Zugänge („Schlüssellochoperationen”) inzwischen in vielen Zentren zur Routine. Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Minimierung des Operationstraumas besteht darin Patienten ohne Vollnarkose in Regionalanästhesie zu operieren. Methode Seit März 2001 wurde bei insgesamt 14 Patienten eine koronare Bypassoperation am schlagenden Herzen ohne Vollnarkose bei Spontanatmung durchgeführt. Hierzu wurde ein Periduralkatheter in Höhe von Th2–Th3 präoperativ eingelegt. Die Revaskularisation erfolgte total arteriell, wobei 8einfach, 5 zweifach und 1 dreifach Bypassgraft angelegt wurden. Die Zugänge verteilten sich auf sowohl komplette als auch partielle Sternotomien. Ergebnisse Zwölf Patienten blieben während der gesamten Operation wach. Zwei Patienten benötigten aufgrund einer unvollständigen Analgesie bzw. eines Pneumothorax eine sekundäre Intubation. Die mittlere Operationszeit betrug 94±18 Minuten. Der mittlere Aufenthalt auf der Überwachungsstation betrug 4,8±0,6 Stunden. Es traten keine postoperativen Komplikationen auf. Postoperativ zeigten alle Bypasses angiographisch eine gute Funktion. Schlussfolgerung Unsere bisherigen Erfahrungen zeigen, dass eine vollständige und sichere Revaskularisation auch am wachen Patienten möglich ist. Die Methode ermöglicht kürzere Operationszeiten, und beschleunigt die postoperative Rekonvaleszenz.


Anaesthesist | 2002

Präoxygenierung mit NasOral®-System oder herkömmlicher Gesichtsmaske?

Gerd Neidhart; Thorsten Rinne; P. Kessler; Dorothee H. Bremerich

ZusammenfassungFragestellung. Die Präoxygenierung zur Überbrückung der Apnoephase während der trachealen Intubation ist wesentlicher Bestandteil jeder Narkose. Neben etablierten Methoden, die mit herkömmlichen Gesichtsmasken am Kreisteil des Narkosegerätes durchgeführt werden, steht auch ein sog. NasOral®-System zur Optimierung der Oxygenierung zur Verfügung. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde die Effizienz der intrapulmonalen Sauerstoffspeicherung durch das NasOral®-System mit der herkömmlichen Gesichtsmaske in einem kieferchirurgischen Patientenkollektiv verglichen. Methoden. Nach Genehmigung durch die institutionelle Ethikkommision und schriftlicher Einwilligung wurden 40 Patienten (ASA I–II) zu elektiven Eingriffen prospektiv und randomisiert 2 Gruppen zugeordnet. In Gruppe A (n=20) wurde das NasOral®-System verwendet. Dieses bedingt ein ventilgesteuertes Einatmen von 100%igem O2 über eine Nasenmaske und ein Ausatmen durch den Mund des Patienten. In Gruppe B (n=20) erfolgte eine Maskenpräoxygenierung bei einem O2-Flow von 15 l/min und geöffnetem Rückatmungsventil. Beide Verfahren wurden für 2,5 min durchgeführt. Die Narkoseeinleitung erfolgte in beiden Gruppen standardisiert. Nach der Intubation wurde in Apnoe die Zeit bis zu einem Abfall der pulsoxymetrisch gemessenen Sauerstoffsättigung (psaO2) auf 95% gemessen. Nach Beginn der Ventilation wurde die Hämoglobinkonzentration (cHb) bestimmt. Ergebnisse. Die biometrischen Daten und die cHb der beiden Gruppen zeigten keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede. Die Apnoezeit bis zu einem Abfall der psaO2 auf 95% betrug in Gruppe A 6,0±2,1 min, in Gruppe B 6,3±2,1 min (MW±SD, p≥0,05). Schlussfolgerung. Gemäß den Ergebnissen unserer Untersuchung sind beide Methoden zur intrapulmonalen Sauerstoffspeicherung gleich effektiv. Bei beiden Systemen ist neben adäquat hohem Frischgasfluss streng auf dichten Sitz der Masken zu achten, um eine Kontamination des inspirierten Sauerstoffes mit Stickstoff zu vermeiden. Die Anwendung des NasOral®-Systems erfordert als unidirektionales Flow-Verfahren außerdem die gute Kooperation des Patienten. Da das NasOral®-System teurer ist und ohne apnoische Oxygenierung keinen klinischen Vorteil bietet, geben wir der herkömmlichen Gesichtsmaske zur Präoxygenierung der Patienten den Vorzug.AbstractIntroduction. Adequate preoxygenation of patients before onset of apnea for orotracheal intubation is of major importance in general anaesthesia. Various preoxygenation techniques are available but a face mask providing an oxygen supply via the circle absorber system of a mechanical respirator is most frequently used. Recently, a new device for preoxygenation – the NasOral® system – has become available. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of intrapulmonary oxygen storage with either the NasOral® device or the standard face mask. Methods. After informed and written consent and ethics committee approval was obtained, 40 elective patients (ASA I and II) undergoing surgical procedures of the neck and mouth area, were enrolled in this randomized, prospective study. In group A (n=20), preoxygenation was performed using the NasOral® system. Patients inhaled 100% oxygen through the nose and exhaled orally through unidirectional valves. In group B (n=20), a conventional face mask with an O2 flow of 15 l/min and an open airway pressure release valve was used for preoxygenation. In both groups preoxygenation lasted for 2.5 min. Induction of general anaesthesia was performed in a standardized manner. After intubation patients were not ventilated until the O2 saturation in pulse oximetry (psaO2) dropped to 95%. This time of apnea was recorded in both groups and we determined the hemoglobin concentration (cHb) after beginning of ventilation. Results. There were no significant differences with regard to demographic data and cHb. Time of apnea leading to a O2 saturation of 95% was 6.0±2.1 min in group A and 6.3±2.1 min in group B (mean±SD, p>0.05). Conclusions. Both the NasOral® system and the face mask are effective for intrapulmonary oxygen storage. In both systems the O2 flow has to be adequately high and the masks have to be held tightly in order to avoid any contamination of the inhaled oxygen with nitrogen. Due to its unidirectional flow, the NasOral® system additionally requires the patient to be cooperative. As the NasOral® system is more expensive and has no clinical advantages without apneic oxygenation, we prefer the standard face mask for patient preoxygenation.


Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia | 2005

Comparison of three anesthetic techniques for off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: General anesthesia, combined general and high thoracic epidural anesthesia, or high thoracic epidural anesthesia alone

P. Kessler; Tayfun Aybek; Gerd Neidhart; Selami Dogan; V. Lischke; Dorothee H. Bremerich; Christian Byhahn

Collaboration


Dive into the Gerd Neidhart's collaboration.

Top Co-Authors

Avatar

P. Kessler

Goethe University Frankfurt

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Tayfun Aybek

Goethe University Frankfurt

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Selami Dogan

Goethe University Frankfurt

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Christian Byhahn

Goethe University Frankfurt

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

V. Lischke

Goethe University Frankfurt

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

M. F. Khan

Goethe University Frankfurt

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Anton Moritz

Goethe University Frankfurt

View shared research outputs
Researchain Logo
Decentralizing Knowledge