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Featured researches published by Gert Rosenthal.


Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment | 2003

Selecting target species to evaluate the success of wet grassland restoration

Gert Rosenthal

Abstract The evaluation of restoration success needs the definition of goals and the set up of evaluation criteria. This will be done for wet grassland restoration on fen soils in NW Germany. These ecosystems lost their habitat function for co-adapted plant species due to melioration and intensive farming since the 1950s. The recovery of this function is a major concept deduced from environmental policies. In order to evaluate the success of restoration measures in wet grassland restoration target plant species are identified. Doing this, sets of required abiotic conditions are deduced and translated into calibrated mean indicator values for plant communities [Scripta Geobot. 18 (1992) 248]. These are arranged in a successional series which is expected to occur on fens when restoration measures are realised. Thresholds of mean indicator values are used in order to select “target systems”. Four hundred and seventy three plant species that occur in the successional fen series are reduced to 136 target species using different selection criteria. For the evaluation of restoration success it is necessary to establish assemblages of target species with different indication power, invasion probability and frequency. As an indicator integrating these demands, the potential of species to occur during different temporal stages (within successional lines) on fen soils and different habitats is classified. A further ranking of these target species therefore is based on their different niche breadths and temporal persistence during secondary succession. Six vulnerability classes are established which represent species groups with gradually changing vulnerability for intensification or abandonment, respectively. Species with a narrow niche and short persistence during succession are strongly endangered by supposed changes in land management. It is clear from restoration experiments in NW Germany and The Netherlands however that these species are hardly capable of re-establishing during restoration. Higher frequencies in intensive grasslands enhance the re-invasion into recovered grassland swards. Considering this low re-colonisation rate it has to be a priority concept to protect those relic habitats still existing, especially remnants of small sedge-, wet grassland- and stream valley communities.


Landscape Ecology | 2016

Multi-scale feedbacks between tree regeneration traits and herbivore behavior explain the structure of pasture-woodland mosaics

Alexander Peringer; Kiowa Alraune Schulze; Ileana Stupariu; Mihai-Sorin Stupariu; Gert Rosenthal; Alexandre Buttler; François Gillet

ContextThe pasture-woodlands of Central Europe are low-intensity grazing systems in which the structural richness of dynamic forest-grassland mosaics is causal for their high biodiversity. Distinct mosaic patterns in Picea abies- and Fagus sylvatica-dominated pasture-woodlands in the Swiss Jura Mountains suggest a strong influence of tree species regeneration ecology on landscape structural properties. At the landscape scale, however, cause-effect relationships are complicated by habitat selectivity of livestock.ObjectivesWe asked which tree species regeneration traits and what kind of feedbacks among local-scale vegetation dynamics and landscape-scale herbivore behavior are causal for the contrasted landscape structural characteristics of Picea- and Fagus-dominated pasture-woodlands.MethodsWe performed simulation experiments of mosaic pattern formation in both pasture-woodland types. The regeneration traits, namely dispersal distance, resistance to browsing and tolerance to shade, and the rules for habitat selection of cattle were modified and the corresponding shifts in landscape structure were analyzed.ResultsDispersal distance showed a significant, but only local, effect promoting forest fringe formation. Saplings’ resistance to browsing mainly determined overall tree cover, but did not influence landscape structure. At the landscape scale, both shade tolerance of saplings and selective habitat use by cattle were responsible for forest-grassland segregation: high shade tolerance triggered segregation, whereas non-selective habitat use hindered it.ConclusionsExisting local-scale theory on pasture-woodland dynamics is complemented by an herbivore-vegetation feedback among spatial scales. In low-intensity pastures, where large herbivores are preferentially “grazers” and trees form dense canopies, an intrinsic trend towards forest-grassland segregation at the expense of forest-grassland ecotones is predicted.


Archive | 2009

Renaturierung von Feuchtgrünland, Auengrünland und mesophilem Grünland

Gert Rosenthal; Norbert Hölzel

Grunland stellt in Mitteleuropa fast ausschlieslich eine Kulturformation dar, die in der Naturlandschaft abgesehen von extremen Trocken- und Nassstandorten sowie klimatisch ungunstigen Gebieten oberhalb der alpinen Waldgrenze nur kleinflachig vertreten war.Die naturlichen Standorte der heutigen Grunlandarten waren in Mitteleuropa bis in das Atlantikum hinein Walder oder naturlicherweise waldfreie okosysteme, wie z.B. Rohricht- und Ufervegetation sowie Biberwiesen in Flussauen, Niedermoore, Randlaggs von Regenmooren, Waldlichtungen oder Lawinenbahnen (Ellenberg 1952, 1996). Die Naturlandschaft der heutigen Grunlandstandorte war durch die naturliche Dynamik der vorherrschenden Waldokosysteme mit ihren Entwicklungsstadien und naturlichen Storungsereignissen (Sturme, uberschwemmungen etc.) gepragt. Der Flachenanteil des Grunlandes vergroserte sich erst durch Beweidung und Heumahd durch den Menschen und seine Haustiere.


Archive | 2009

Einführung in die Renaturierungsökologie

Stefan Zerbe; Gerhard Wiegleb; Gert Rosenthal

Durch die ubernutzung der Naturressourcen sind heute weltweit viele naturliche wie auch durch Kultur entstandene okosysteme und Landschaften in ihren Funktionen und Leistungen stark beeintrachtigt oder sogar vollig zerstort. Bereits vor mehr als einem Jahrzehnt konstatierte (1995), dass ca. 45 % der terrestrischen Landoberflache nur eine reduzierte Kapazitat fur die zukunftige Landnutzung haben. Als Grund hob er eine in der Vergangenheit nicht nachhaltige Landbewirtschaftung hervor. Mit einer gezielten Renaturierung der betroffenen okosysteme soll dieser Trend umgekehrt werden (Harris und van Diggelen 2006). Vor diesem Hintergrund ist die okosystemrenaturierung (ecological restoration) wichtiger Bestandteil der Planungs- und Naturschutzpraxis in Mitteleuropa und die Renaturierungsokologie (restoration ecology) zu einer eigenen wissenschaftlichen Arbeitsrichtung geworden.


Archive | 2009

Ökologische Grundlagen und limitierende Faktoren der Renaturierung

Norbert Hölzel; Franz Rebele; Gert Rosenthal; Carsten Eichberg

In den dicht besiedelten und agrarisch besonders intensiv genutzten Regionen Mittel- und Westeuropas ist seit Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges ein fortschreitender Verlust an naturnahen okosystemen mit hoher biologischer Vielfalt zu verzeichnen. Spatestens seit den 1970er-Jahren ist daher die Neuschaffung und Wiederherstellung gefahrdeter Lebensraume und Biozonosen zunehmend in den Mittelpunkt von Naturschutzmasnahmen geruckt (Bakker 1989, Muller et al. 1998, Bakker und Berendse 1999). Aufgrund fehlender wissenschaftlicher Grundlagen und praktischer Erfahrungen wurden Renaturierungsmasnahmen anfangs fast durchweg nach dem trial and error-Prinzip durchgefuhrt. Im Vordergrund standen dabei zunachst die Wiederherstellung adaquater abiotischer Standortbedingungen sowie die Reorganisation traditioneller Nutzungsmanagements. Bei Ersterem ging es neben der Wiedervernassung entwasserter Feuchtgebiete (Pfadenhauer und Grootjans 1999) vor allem darum, Eutrophierungseffekte zu beseitigen und die Produktivitat des Standortes auf das Niveau der Zielgemeinschaft zuruckzufuhren (Gough und Marrs 1990, Oomes et al. 1996, Snow et al. 1997, Tallowin et al. 1998).


Flora | 2010

Secondary succession in a fallow central European wet grassland

Gert Rosenthal


Basic and Applied Ecology | 2006

Restoration of wet grasslands – Effects of seed dispersal, persistence and abundance on plant species recruitment

Gert Rosenthal


Dissertationes botanicae | 1992

Erhaltung und Regeneration von Feuchtwiesen. Vegetationsökologische Untersuchungen auf Dauerflächen

Gert Rosenthal


Basic and Applied Ecology | 2006

Restoration ecology of river valleys

Kai Jensen; Michael Trepel; David M. Merritt; Gert Rosenthal


Archive | 1992

Erhaltung und Regeneration von Feuchtwiesen

Gert Rosenthal

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Alexander Peringer

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

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Alexandre Buttler

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

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François Gillet

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

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Carsten Eichberg

Technische Universität Darmstadt

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