Gil Guerra-Júnior

Deficiência de 5alfa-redutase tipo 2: experiências de Campinas (SP) e Salvador (BA)

OBJECTIVE: To report the experience regarding patients with steroid 5a-reductase type 2 deficiency from three different clinical services in Brazil. CASUISTIC AND METHODS: Twenty five patients with clinical and hormonal features of 5a-reductase deficiency from 23 families (15 from Bahia, 7 from Sao Paulo and 1 from Minas Gerais) were included in this study. Clinical, hormonal and molecular data were evaluated. The molecular analysis of the five exons of the SRD5A2 gene was done by automatic or manual sequencing of PCR products. RESULTS: In ten families, SRD5A2 mutations were found in homozygosis (5 with G183S, 2 with R246W, 1 with G196S, 1 with del642T, 1 with 217_218insC), in three in compound heterozygosis (1 with Q126R/IVS3+1G>A, 1 with Q126R/del418T, 1 with Q126R/G158R) while other three were heterozygous, with only one deleterious mutation (1 with G196S, 1 with A207D, and 1 with R246W). In seven cases, no sequencing abnormalities were detected. The G183S substitution was the most frequently found among miscigenated patients (Afro-Euro-Brazilians) from Bahia. Hormonal and clinical findings did not differ between patients with or without mutations, exception made to a higher frequency of consanguinity and greater severity of genital ambiguity in the first group. CONCLUSION: Our results reinforce the importance of molecular investigation for the diagnosis of this disease and point out to the finding of a very frequent mutation (G183S) in our series, especially in patients with mixed ethnic background from Bahia, and the description of mutations that have only been reported in Brazilian patients so far.

Avaliação da resistência insulínica e do perfil lipídico na síndrome de turner

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence of insulin resistance (IR) and changes in lipid profile in Turner Syndrome (TS), and to check the influence of age, karyotype, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and pubertal development. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A transversal study of 35 TS patients, confirmed with karyotype (5 to 43 years), without previous use of anabolic steroid or hGH, with evaluation of blood pressure, pubertal development, anthropometric data, measurement of waist (W), hip (H), W to H ratio, total cholesterol, HDL, triglycerides (TGC), LDL, insulin and glucose. HOMA and QUICKI indexes were calculated, as well as glucose to insulin ratio (G/I). Data were examined by the Mann-Whitney and Spearman tests. RESULTS: Ten patients were >20 years. Seventeen had a 45,X karyotype and 6 structural aberrations; differences of the variables in relation to the karyotypes were not observed; 15 were nonpubertal and 20 pubertal; TGC and HOMA were significantly higher in puberty, while G/I was lower. Seven had normal height, 8 had BMI >25Kg/m2 (6 between 25 and 30, and 2 >30), and 19 W/H >0.85. Cholesterol levels were 180 ± 42mg% (4 >240); HDL 57 ± 16mg%; LDL 99 ± 34mg%; TGC 108 ± 96mg% (2 >200); HOMA 1.01 ± 0.71; QUICKI 0.4 ± 0.04 and G/I 23.5 ± 12.1 (2 <7.0). CONCLUSIONS: Changes were observed in lipid profile independent of age, karyotype, SAH and obesity, but associated with IR. The frequency of IR was lower than described in literature, and seems to be directly linked to chronological age, obesity and estrogen therapy.