Gisele Lopes dos Santos

Production of Cashew Rootstocks Submitted to Organic and Mineral Fertilization

The use of grafted seedlings is a cultural practice that aims at the optimization of agricultural production, and materials of organomineral added to the substrate can help in the well development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of increasing doses of organic and mineral material on the development of cashew rootstocks. The test was conducted in the experimental area of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), campus Pombal-PB in the period from July to September 2017. The treatments were constituted of five increasing doses of organic matter (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 g of bovine manure) and four levels of mineral fertilizer (0, 1, 2 and 3 g of NPK). The design was in randomized blocks, distributed in factorial 5 × 4, with 4 replications. For the planting, it was used creole seeds originary of the city of Livramento do Cariri Paraibano and substrate composed by sand texture Franco sandy. At 60 days after sowing, the following variables were analyzed: plant height (cm), leaf diameter (mm), number of leaves, leaf area (cm 2 ), fresh and dry mass, leaf, stem, shoot (g), percentage of biomass (%) and quality index of seedlings. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the organic and mineral combination (1 g of NPK and 200 g of bovine manure) provided the greatest increases in vegetative growth characteristics and quality of rootstocks in the cashew tree.

Antioxidant Protection of Photosynthesis in Two Cashew Progenies Under Salt Stress

The present work evaluated the indicators of photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidative protection in cashew tree seedlings subjected to salinity stress. The study was conducted with seedlings of two advanced dwarf cashew clones (CCP09 and CCP76) subjected to salt stress with increasing doses of NaCl (0, control; 25; 50; 75; 100 mM) in the nutrient solution for 30 days under greenhouse conditions. The variables of gas exchange, CO2 assimilation (PN), stomatal conductance (gS), transpiration (E), intercellular CO2 concentration (CI), photochemical activity, potential quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), effective quantum efficiency (ΔF/Fm’) of photosystem II (PSII), photochemical quenching (qP), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) electron transport rate (ETR) as well as the indicators of damage and oxidative protection were measured. Under these conditions, there was an intense accumulation Na+ associated with a reduction in the K+/Na+ ratio in the leaves of both clones in response to salt, with higher values for this ratio in clone CCP09 than in CCP76 the highest concentration of NaCl (100 mM). Salinity reduced PN, gS and E in the two clones evaluated, with lower reductions in CCP09 than in CCP76 at the highest salt dose. Instantaneous carboxylation (PN/CI) and water use (PN/E) efficiencies were strongly restricted by salinity but were less affected in CCP09 than in CCP76. Salinity stress also increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in CCP09, whereas lipid peroxidation decreased in both progenies. The clones presented specific antioxidant responses due to greater enzymatic and non-enzymatic activity in CCP76, in addition to the activity of phenol peroxidase (POX) in CCP09.

Levantamento etnobotânico da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus Pombal

A caatinga representa um importante patrimonio brasileiro, destacando-se pela diversidade de especies. Contudo e um bioma que vem sofrendo com a degradacao ocasionada principalmente pelo processo de urbanizacao. A arborizacao, empregando especies nativas e sua identificacao em parques, pracas e ambientes educacionais modificados por esse processo, e vista como alternativa para a diminuicao da degradacao ambiental e a preservacao do bioma. Nessa perspectiva, objetivou-se realizar um levantamento etnobotânico da area urbanizada pela Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, campus Pombal. Para isso, foi realizada a quantificacao das especies, com coletas efetuadas no periodo de dezembro de 2017 a janeiro de 2018. As especies encontradas foram identificadas com auxilio do Herbario Virtual da Flora e dos Fungos – Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia e do Manual de Identificacao de Plantas Arboreas Nativas do Brasil. Registraram-se 567 individuos, distribuidos em 48 especies e 27 familias botânicas. Dentre estas, nim ( Azadirachta indica ), especie exotica, apresentou maior populacao, seguida por jurema ( Mimosa tenuiflora ), nativa da caatinga. A familia que mais se destacou foi Fabaceae, seguida de Meliaceae. Verifica-se que as especies exoticas predominaram sobre as nativas e que ha necessidade do correto planejamento da arborizacao na localidade.