Valéria Fernandes de Oliveira Sousa

Production of Cashew Rootstocks Submitted to Organic and Mineral Fertilization

The use of grafted seedlings is a cultural practice that aims at the optimization of agricultural production, and materials of organomineral added to the substrate can help in the well development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of increasing doses of organic and mineral material on the development of cashew rootstocks. The test was conducted in the experimental area of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), campus Pombal-PB in the period from July to September 2017. The treatments were constituted of five increasing doses of organic matter (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 g of bovine manure) and four levels of mineral fertilizer (0, 1, 2 and 3 g of NPK). The design was in randomized blocks, distributed in factorial 5 × 4, with 4 replications. For the planting, it was used creole seeds originary of the city of Livramento do Cariri Paraibano and substrate composed by sand texture Franco sandy. At 60 days after sowing, the following variables were analyzed: plant height (cm), leaf diameter (mm), number of leaves, leaf area (cm 2 ), fresh and dry mass, leaf, stem, shoot (g), percentage of biomass (%) and quality index of seedlings. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the organic and mineral combination (1 g of NPK and 200 g of bovine manure) provided the greatest increases in vegetative growth characteristics and quality of rootstocks in the cashew tree.

Antioxidant Protection of Photosynthesis in Two Cashew Progenies Under Salt Stress

The present work evaluated the indicators of photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidative protection in cashew tree seedlings subjected to salinity stress. The study was conducted with seedlings of two advanced dwarf cashew clones (CCP09 and CCP76) subjected to salt stress with increasing doses of NaCl (0, control; 25; 50; 75; 100 mM) in the nutrient solution for 30 days under greenhouse conditions. The variables of gas exchange, CO2 assimilation (PN), stomatal conductance (gS), transpiration (E), intercellular CO2 concentration (CI), photochemical activity, potential quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), effective quantum efficiency (ΔF/Fm’) of photosystem II (PSII), photochemical quenching (qP), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) electron transport rate (ETR) as well as the indicators of damage and oxidative protection were measured. Under these conditions, there was an intense accumulation Na+ associated with a reduction in the K+/Na+ ratio in the leaves of both clones in response to salt, with higher values for this ratio in clone CCP09 than in CCP76 the highest concentration of NaCl (100 mM). Salinity reduced PN, gS and E in the two clones evaluated, with lower reductions in CCP09 than in CCP76 at the highest salt dose. Instantaneous carboxylation (PN/CI) and water use (PN/E) efficiencies were strongly restricted by salinity but were less affected in CCP09 than in CCP76. Salinity stress also increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in CCP09, whereas lipid peroxidation decreased in both progenies. The clones presented specific antioxidant responses due to greater enzymatic and non-enzymatic activity in CCP76, in addition to the activity of phenol peroxidase (POX) in CCP09.

Production of Seedlings of Yellow Passion Fruit Plant in Different Substrates and Saline Levels

In the process of production of seedlings the formulation of substrates that supply the nutritional needs and make available appropriate humidity tenor is relevant for the success and the reduction of costs of the producing with other inputs. In this perspective, it is known that alternative substrates are rich in organic matter, which possesses extenuating action for the harmful effect of the salinity. Therefore, it was aimed at to evaluate the effect of saline waters and formulations of substrates in the production of seedlings of yellow passion fruit plant. Experiment was driven in atmosphere protected in the dependences of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal, Paraiba. The randomized block design was used in factorial outline 5 × 5, being five levels of salinity of the irrigation water (0.3; 1.3; 2.3; 3.3 and 4.3 dS m-1) and five substrates: S1 = soil; S2 = soil, goat manure and bovine manure (1:1:1); S3 = soil and goat manure (3:1); S4 = soil and bovine manure (3:1); S5 = soil, goat manure and bovine manure (3:0.5:0.5). To the 52 days after the sowing the growth analyses and quality of the seedlings were checked. The growth of the passion fruit plant seedlings was inhibited by the salinity in the irrigation water. However, the use of organic inputs in the formulation of the substratum lessens the harmful effect of the saline stress, being the best substratum, soil and bovid manure in the proportion 3:1.

Physiological behavior of melon cultivars submitted to soil salinity1

Melon has a great economic value in the Brazilian market, being one of the crops with the highest growth rate for vegetables exported by the country. In 2016, Brazil ranked 12th in the world production scale, being the largest melon producer in South America, with a national average yield of 25,814 kg ha-1 (FAO 2017, IBGE 2017). Besides the economic and food influence, Brazil also has a great social relevance in the generation of direct and indirect jobs in the Northeast of the country, the ABSTRACT RESUMO

Levantamento etnobotânico da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus Pombal

A caatinga representa um importante patrimonio brasileiro, destacando-se pela diversidade de especies. Contudo e um bioma que vem sofrendo com a degradacao ocasionada principalmente pelo processo de urbanizacao. A arborizacao, empregando especies nativas e sua identificacao em parques, pracas e ambientes educacionais modificados por esse processo, e vista como alternativa para a diminuicao da degradacao ambiental e a preservacao do bioma. Nessa perspectiva, objetivou-se realizar um levantamento etnobotânico da area urbanizada pela Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, campus Pombal. Para isso, foi realizada a quantificacao das especies, com coletas efetuadas no periodo de dezembro de 2017 a janeiro de 2018. As especies encontradas foram identificadas com auxilio do Herbario Virtual da Flora e dos Fungos – Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia e do Manual de Identificacao de Plantas Arboreas Nativas do Brasil. Registraram-se 567 individuos, distribuidos em 48 especies e 27 familias botânicas. Dentre estas, nim ( Azadirachta indica ), especie exotica, apresentou maior populacao, seguida por jurema ( Mimosa tenuiflora ), nativa da caatinga. A familia que mais se destacou foi Fabaceae, seguida de Meliaceae. Verifica-se que as especies exoticas predominaram sobre as nativas e que ha necessidade do correto planejamento da arborizacao na localidade.

Padronização das doses de NaCl para indução de stresse salino em Jatropha curcas L.

The present study proposes to define the doses considered severe and moderate NaCl used in experimental trials of Jatropha curcas up to eight days after sowing. The results presented in this study are based on phenological and physi‐ ological indicators to define the doses of NaCl from the concept of lethal dose. The experiment was carried out using a completely randomized design with a factorial consisting of two accessions of J. curcas (CNPAPM ‐X and CNPAPM ‐III) and five doses of NaCl (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mM NaCl). The germination rate, seedling height, stem diameter, dry mass and Na+, K+ contents in addition to the K+/Na+ ratio of leaves, stems and roots were evaluated. It was evidenced in the experimental conditions imposed that the accesses presented different mechanisms of response to the saline stresses. Additionally, there was obtained, as a moderate and severe dose, standardized for salt stress tests in J. curcas with up to eight days after sowing, the doses of 100 and 50 mM, respectively.