Gülistan Erdal

The effects of exchange rate volatility on trade: evidence from Turkish agricultural trade

In this article, an empirical study of the effect of Real Effective Exchange Rate Volatility (REERV) on Agricultural Export (AGX) and Agricultural Import (AGM) in Turkey was conducted. Studied period covers 1995 to 2007. In order to reach REERV, Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) (1,1) model was used. Long-term relationship between series was determined using Johansen cointegration test. The direction of this relationship, on the other hand, was determined using pairwise Granger causality. Our empirical results indicated that there was a positive long-term relationship between REERV and AGX series, while there was a negative long-term relationship between REERV and AGM. The relationship is unidirectional for both AGX and AGM series.

An Alternative Energy Source: Biofuel and Its Position in Turkey

Abstract In this study, major agricultural products that come to the fore in the production of biofuels (biodiesel and bioethanol), some alternative energy sources, have been determined for Turkey. Besides, developments in biomass use in the world and the European Union have been evaluated. For these purposes, using the statistical data about production regions, production amounts, yields, and support status of the agricultural products that are actually used or will be used in the future, opportunities and threats in the future of biofuel production have been discussed, and some suggestions have been made.