Güngör Yilmaz

Agronomical and Chemical Characterization of Spearmint (Mentha Spicata L.) Originating in Turkey

The essential oil properties of spearmint (Mentha spicataL.), one of the most important spice plants, were studied and the essential oil components determined using gas chromatography. The essential oil content of wild-grown spearmint in the region was found to range from 1.00% to 2.00%, and two chemotypes were identified, one high in carvone (49.53-80.65%) and the other in pulegone (44.9-49.23%). Agronomic and essential oil properties of cultivated landraces ofM. spicata were also investigated under field conditions during the 1999 vegetation period. The examined spearmint landraces showed a great variability for each character studied, including yield and essential oil components. The crop was harvested twice during the vegetation period, and the essential oil content of the landraces varied from 0.90 to 2.70% in the first harvest and from 1.00 to 3.00% in the second one. Carvone was constantly present as the predominant essential oil in landraces, except for one sample, which was high in linalool (82.80%). Superior landraces with carvone contents were discovered; their maximum content reached 79.70% in the first cutting and 82.97% at the second cutting. The superior landraces were assayed for future improvement studies.

Characterization ofRhizoctonia solani isolates from potatoes in turkey and screening potato cultivars for resistance to AG-3 isolates

A total of 304Rhizoctonia solani isolates and 60 binucleateRhizoctonia-like fungi were recovered from stems and tubers of infected potato plants over a 2-yr period in northeast Turkey.R. solani isolates were identified to 11 anastomosis groups (AGs): AG-1 (0.66%), AG-2-1 (5.6%), AG-2-2 (0.99%), AG-3 (83.9%), AG-5 (4.6%), AG-6 (0.66%), AG-8 (1.32%), AG-9 (0.33%), AG-10 (1.32%), AG-12 (0.33%), and AG-13 (0.33%). In the greenhouse tests, most of the AG-3 isolates were significantly more virulent than isolates belonging to other AGs on potato cv. Batum. Isolates of other anastomosis groups differed in their virulence. Results indicated that AG-3 is an important pathogen on potatoes grown in the study area. Five of 22 commercial and local potato cultivars evaluated for their reaction toR. solani AG-3 isolates (TP-2) under greenhouse conditions were highly resistant; the remaining cultivars exhibited different levels of susceptibility to the pathogen isolate.

Tokat Şartlarında Farklı Çerezlik Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) Genotiplerinin Performanslarının Belirlenmesi

Bu calisma Tokat-Kazova sartlarinda bazi cerezlik aycicegi genotiplerinin verim ve kalite ozelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaciyla 2014–2015 yillarinda yurutulmustur. Arastirmada 20 farkli genotip (11-TRC-022, 10- TRC-027, 09-TRC-004, Palanci-1, TTAE-CRZ-13-9, TTAE-CRZ-13-12, TTAE-CRZ-13-15, TTAE-CRZ-13-6, TTAE-CRZ-13-14, Aybak-2013-13-DAC130100, Aybak-2013-12-DAC13099, Aybak-2013-17-DAC130104, Aybak-2013-6-DAC13093, Aybak-2013-20-DAC130107, Aybak-2013-32-DAC130119, 703, 412, Baklan/ Denizli, Karakecili/Kirikkale ve Inegol Alasi) karsilastirilmistir. Calismada bitki boyu, yaprak sayisi, sap capi, tabla capi, tablada tohum sayisi, bin tane agirligi, tohum verimi, tane eni, tane boyu, kabuk orani, ic orani, hektolitre agirligi ve yag orani belirlenmistir. Incelenen ozelliklerden sap capi ve yag orani haric diger parametreler genotiplere gore istatistiki olarak onemli bulunmustur. Calismanin iki yillik sonucuna gore Aybak-2013-13-DAC130100 (529 kg/da), Baklan/Denizli (573 kg/da), Karakecili/Kirikkale (538 kg/da) ve Inegol Alasi (545 kg/da) genotipleri tohum verimi bakimindan istatistiki olarak ilk grupta yer almislardir. Baklan/Denizli populasyonunun tum ozellikleri bakimindan elverisli olmasi ve en yuksek tohum verimine sahip olmasindan dolayi Tokat-Kazova sartlarinda yetistiriciliginin yapilabilecegi sonucuna varilmistir.

Melez Patates Tohumlarıyla Fide Generasyonunun Oluşturulması ve Birinci Klonal Seleksiyon İçin Tohumluk Yumruların Üretilmesi

Patateste yeni cesitlerin gelistirilmesi icin, uygun ebeveynlerle melezlemelerin yapilmasi, olusan melez tohumlar kullanilarak, fide generasyonuyla tohumluk yumrularin gelistirilmesi ve bu yumrularla birinci klonal seleksiyon asamasina gecilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu arastirmada, farkli patates kombinasyonlarindan gelen melez tohumlar kullanilarak, fide generasyonu sonrasi birinci klonal seleksiyon icin gerekli olan tohumluk yumrularin gelistirilmesi amaclanmistir. Calisma, Tokat sartlarinda polikarbon sera ortaminda 2015 ve 2016 yillarinda yurutulmustur. Calismada fide generasyonu icin 12 farkli patates kombinasyonundan gelen 11.051 melez tohum kullanilmistir. Her bir kombinasyona ait melez patates tohumlari once fide viyollerine ekilmislerdir. Fideler, 10-12 cm buyukluge ulastiklarinda uygun b oyutlu saksilara sasirtilmislardir. Denemede saksi basina yumru sayisi, ortalama yumru agirligi ve saksi basina yumru verimi incelenmistir. Ayrica kombinasyonlara gore melez tohumlarla olusturulan fidelerden secilen klonlarin yuzdesi de tespit edilmistir. Elde edilen bulgularda, kombinasyonlara gore degismekle birlikte, saksi basina yumru sayisinin 1-22 adet, saksi basina yumru veriminin 3-230 g/saksi, saksilardaki yumrularin ortalama agirliginin ise 8.24-20.08 g arasinda degistigi belirlenmistir.

Patateste Farklı Ortam ve Dönemlerde Yapılan Melezleme ve Melez Tohum Elde Edilmesini Etkileyen Faktörler

Bu arastirmada, ustun ozelliklere sahip ileri patates klonlari ile bazi yerel patates cesitleri ve ticari cesitler arasinda melezlemeler yapilarak, melez tohumlarin elde edilmesi amaclanmistir. Calisma, Tokat sartlarinda 2014 yili ilkbahar doneminde baslayip, 2015 yili kis doneminde de devam ettirilerek, 2014 ve 2015 yillarinda yurutulmustur. Patateste melezleme islemleri 2014 yilinda cam ve tul sera ile dusuk (650 m) ve yuksek rakimli (1200 m) acik alanlarda yapilmistir. Arastirmanin 2014-2015 kis donemi polikarbon sera ortaminda yurutulmustur. Elde edilen sonuclara gore 2014 yili yaz donemi acik alan ve tul sera sartlarinda 15 kombinasyonun 14’unde 1260 cicek melezlenmis, bunlardan 65’i meyve olusturabilmis ve 1831 adet melez tohum elde edilmistir. 2014 yili yaz doneminde zaman zaman asiri yagis ve ozellikle yuksek sicakliklardan dolayi melezleme basarisi olumsuz etkilenmis, bu yuzden melezleme calismalarina kis doneminde polikarbon serada devam edilmistir. Bu donemde yapilan melezleme calismalarinda 15 kombinasyonda yaklasik 1602 cicekte melezleme yapilmis ve halen 203 meyveden 13302 adet melez tohum elde edilmistir. Yaz doneminde melezlenen ciceklerin %5.2’ si meyve baglamis iken, kis doneminde bu oran %12.7 olmustur. Benzer sekilde yaz doneminde meyve basina 28.2 adet tohum elde edilmis iken, kis donemi melezlemelerinde bu sayi 65.5’e yukselmistir. Diger taraftan, yaz doneminde yuksek rakimli acik alan ve tul sera sartlarinda yapilan melezlemelerden daha iyi sonuclarin alindigi da belirlenmistir.

Bazı Oriental Tütünlerin (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Genel ve Özel Kombinasyon Yeteneklerinin Belirlenmesi

Bu arastirma 2012 ve 2013 yillari Tokat-Erbaa sartlarinda, ustun ozelliklere sahip tutun kombinasyonlarinin belirlenmesi amaciyla yapilmistir. Arastirmada yedi ebeveyn (Xanthi-2A, Nail, Gumushacikoy, Tasova, Katerini, Canik, Erbaa) ve bunlardan yarim diallel melezleme ile elde edilen 21 melez kombinasyon olmak uzere toplam 28 genotip kullanilmistir. Calisma tesaduf bloklari deneme desenine gore uc tekerrurlu olarak yurutulmustur. Arastirmada, bitki boyu, yaprak sayisi, yaprak eni, yaprak boyu, yaprak verimi, indirgen seker orani, nikotin orani ve organoleptik ozellikler incelenmistir. Calismada, genel kobinasyon yetenegi (GKY) bakimindan Nail hatti verim acisindan, Xanthi-2A, Katerini ve Tasova cesitleri ise kalite acisindan pozitif etkiye sahip olmuslardir. Ozel kombinasyon yetenegi bakimindan (OKY) ise sekiz ( Xanthi-2A x Katerini, Nail x Katerini, Nail x Canik, Nail x Erbaa, Gumushacikoy x Canik, Katerini x Canik, Katerini x Erbaa ve Canik x Erbaa ) kombinasyonunun verim, sekiz kombinasyonun (Xanthi-2A x Tasova, Xanthi-2A x Katerini, Xanthi-2A x Erbaa, Nail x Tasova, Nail x Katerini, Tasova x Katerini, Tasova x Erbaa ve Katerini x Erbaa) ise kalite bakimindan ustun ozelliklere sahip oldugu belirlenmistir. Bu arastirmada, hem verim hem de kalite bakimindan Xanthi-2A x Katerini (verim: 170 kg/da, randiman: %75), Nail x Katerini (verim: 164 kg/da, randiman: %75), Katerini x Erbaa (verim: 167 kg/da, randiman: %73) ve Canik x Erbaa (verim: 184 kg/da, randiman: %68) kombinasyonlari bolgede yaygin uretilmekte olan Xanthi-2A (verim: 133 kg/da, randiman: %78) cesidinden daha ustun ozelliklere sahip kombinasyonlar oldugu belirlenmistir.

EFFECTS OF GROWING CONDITIONS ON CROSSING SUCCESS IN DIFFERENT POTATO(Solanum tuberosum L.)CROSSES

This study was carried out to determine the effect of growing conditions under different altitudes on seed production in different potato crosses in Tokat Province of Turkey in 2015. Plants were grown and crosses were made in open field or net house in Tokat location (altitude 600 m asl.), open field or net house in Artova location (altitude 1200 m asl.), or controlled polycarbonate greenhouse. Fifteen different crosses were made between 12 parent cultivars. Production of hybrid potato seed was considered “crossing success”. Results showed that parent cultivars and cross combinations affected crossing success and no seeds were produced from some combinations while some combinations produced abundant seeds. The highest number of seeds were produced in controlled polycarbonate greenhouse, whereas very low amount of seeds were produced under low altitude (600 m asl.) open field conditions. Polycarbonate greenhouse produced 47.3% of all seeds, while low altitude net house produced 19.8%, high altitude open field produced 15.8%, high altitude net house produced 13.6% and low altitude open field produced 3.5%. It was concluded that for a high crossing success, potato crossing should be made by controlled polycarbonate greenhouse conditions and 23 C0 day / 17 C0 night temperatures produced more hybrid seeds.

Tokat-Erbaa İlçesinde Sözleşmeli Tütün ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) Tarımı ve Üretici Davranışlarının İrdelenmesi

The research was conducted to determine the effects of new tobacco law numbered as 4733, on Tokat-Erbaa’s tobacco growers and tobacco farming. A survey with 84 growers from 14 villages was done to achieve the aim in 2009. In consequence of the survey, it was concluded that growers planted tobacco for private sector as a result of the law. The growers generally were satisfied with the application stated that the contract was in favor of private sectors. It was showed decreasing number of young people in agriculture caused problems in tobacco farming in the region. Therefore precautions must be taken to solve the problems.

Bazı Tıbbi Bitkilerin Patates Böceği {Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say) İle Mücadelede Kullanılabilmesi Üzerinde Bir Araştırma

This research was conducted to determine effects of some medical plants on potato beetle. Therefore, potatoes plots were surrounded with datura, black cumin, coriander, fennel, anise, and fenugreek. This study was carried out accoding to randomized block design whit three replication. Potato beetles were counted from 1 June to 28 July, nine times. These plants affected and reduced potato beetle at potato plots. The best result was found out at plots surrounded with coriander.

Tokat Koşullarında Bazı Patates Çeşitlerinin Verim Ve Diğer Bazı Özellikleri Üzerinde Araştırmalar

This research was conducted to determine suitable potatoes variaties for Tokat ecological conditions in 1995. In this research, 16 potato varieties were examined as total tuber yield, marketable tuber yield, mean tuber weight, number of tuber at hill, plant height, main stem number, rate of dry matter and starch. According to this research, Felsina cv. with 3348.6 kg/da was the most yielded variety as total tuber yield and, Novita cv. with 1920.0 kg/da was the most yielded variety as marketable tuber yield.