H Shao

Cost Sharing of Disease-Modifying Treatments (DMTs) as Policy Lever to Improve DMTs’ Access in Multiple Sclerosis

OBJECTIVES To understand the nonlinear relationship between out-of-pocket (OOP) payments and disease-modifying treatment (DMT) use and adherence, primarily to pinpoint the threshold at which the use of DMTs becomes price sensitive. METHODS Individuals with more than two multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnoses (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code 340) were identified from the MarketScan database (2006-2009). Heterogeneity in treatment was normalized by calculating an annual OOP payment as the average OOP payment for purchasing a fixed basket of DMTs at the insurance plan level. A local linear regression with a model-based recursive partitioning algorithm was applied to explore the relationship between OOP and consequently lower DMT use and adherence as measured by days covered by DMT. RESULTS We identified the inflection points in annual OOP payments as

Concordance of Adherence Measurement Using Self-Reported Adherence Questionnaires and Medication Monitoring Devices: An Updated Review

442 for DMT use and

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Exenatide Twice Daily (BID) Versus Insulin Glargine Once Daily (QD) as Add-on Therapy in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled by Oral Therapies.

890 for DMT adherence. For patients with annual OOP payments of more than

Complications Related Health Utility Decrements for Type 2 Diabetes Population in the United States

442, a

Globalization Module for A Diabetes Progression Prediction Model: The Building, Relating, Acting, and Validating Outcomes (Bravo) Model

100-increase in OOP payment was associated with a decline of 0.6% in DMT use; for annual OOP payments of more than

Cost-Effectiveness of Saxagliptin Versus Acarbose as Second-Line Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes in China

890, a

Impact of Depression on Health Status and Health Care Utilization in Patient with Hypertension

100-increase in OOP payment was associated with two fewer days of DMT treatments. CONCLUSIONS Although the use of DMTs and DMT adherence appeared unassociated with OOP payment below

Cost-sharing and Demand Elasticity on Disease Modifying Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis

442 and

Estimating The Costs Of Supporting Safety-Net Transformation Into Patient-Centered Medical Homes In Post-Katrina New Orleans

890, respectively, an excessive OOP payment was a barrier to DMT access. This information can inform maximum monthly and yearly payment caps when designing valued-based insurance plans.