Hacer (Bakır) Sert

Microcolonial fungi from antique marbles in Perge/Side/Termessos (Antalya/Turkey).

In this study rock surfaces of archaeological sites in Antalya were investigated with a focus on black fungi for the first time. Black, meristematic fungi were isolated from surfaces of antique marble monuments in Antalya (Side, Perge, Termessos). Their morphology was characterized, their diversity was documented and the taxonomy and phylogeny of new isolates was clarified based on molecular methods, that is, by sequencing parts of the small ribosomal subunit (18S) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. From a total of around 250 samples 99 different fungal strains were isolated. In most of 99 strains the rDNA sequencing data and the lack of homologies in “Genbank” gave strong evidence that these strains have to be described as new species/subspecies and/or genera. All of them, however, clustered within the ascomycete orders of Dothideales, Chaetothyriales, and Pleosporales. Field studies show that these organisms cause color changes, black spots, crater shaped lesions as well as chipping and exfoliation of the rock surfaces in Antalya and thus they have to be regarded as a serious threat to the antique cultural heritage in Turkey.

A new Coniosporium species from historical marble monuments

The aim of this investigation was to use morphological and molecular genetic techniques to characterize strains of newly discovered biodeteriorative fungal species originating from antique marble monuments in the Mediterranean basin (Side, Antalya, Turkey). The strains studied were isolated from the lid of a sarcophagus in the Side Museum. Black colonies were picked up and purified by one to several transfers onto culture media. Their morphology was characterized, and DNA was extracted, and amplified. Novelty of the selected species is supported by sequencing of the small ribosomal subunit (18 S) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. The black meristematic species is placed in the genus Coniosporium. Judging from SSU phylogeny data, this species is supposed to belong to the Chaetothyriales. Analysis of nucleotide sequences did not show a degree of similarity to any sequence in Genbank that would allow to assign it to one of the already existing species. The new species was denominated as C. sümbülii.

Two new species of Capnobotryella from historical monuments

In this paper, two new species of Capnobotryella, melanized fungi with meristematic development, are described. On the basis of small subunit and internal transcribed sequence regions of ribosomal DNA sequencing, both of the new species are accommodated in the genus Capnobotryella: C. erdogani and C. kiziroglui. The type cultures of the taxa are in the ACBR culture collection (MA 4625, EMBL Accession Number: AJ972857.1; MA 4899, EMBL Accession Number: AJ972859.1).

Additions to rust and smut fungi of Turkey

Entyloma linariae Schroet., Entyloma magocsyanum Bub., Uromyces arenariae–grandiflorae Mayor and Uromyces arenariae–leptoclados Vien.-Bourg. are reported for the first time from Anatolia. Additionally, Arenaria leptoclados (Rchb.) Guss. is recorded as a new host for Melampsorella caryophyllacearum Schroet. in the region.

Phytopathogenic fungi new for southern Anatolia, Turkey

Twenty-nine new records are reported from Turkey. The fungi species, including their macro-and microscopic features and distributions, are described.

Occurrence of powdery mildews on new hosts in Turkey

Erysiphe convolvuli onConvolvulus lanatus, C. pentapetaloides, C. siculus subsp.siculus andIpomoea sagittata; Erysiphe ranunculi onRanunculus marginatus var.trachycarpus; Erysiphe clandestina onUlmus minor subsp.canescens; Podosphaera fusca onConyza canadensis; andPodosphaera ferruginea onSanguisorba minor subsp.magnolii were identified and the associated host plants were found to be new for the Turkish mycoflora.

A new host and two new genera for the fungal flora of Turkey

Cronartium quercuum causing leaf rust of Quercus coccifera and Trimmatostroma betulinum on Salix alba are recorded for the first time in Turkey. These represent the first records of the genera Cronartium and Trimmatostroma in the fungal flora of Turkey.

Two new records of downy mildews (Peronosporaceae) in Turkey and a new host

Peronospora crucianellae Maire onCrucianella latifolia L. andPeronospora trifolii-arvensis Syd. onTrifolium sp. were collected for the first time in Turkey. The plant speciesSinapis arvensis L. is reported as a new host forPeronospora brassicae Gäum. from Turkey. The peronosporaceous fungi recorded since the beginning of microfungal studies from Turkey are given along with their collection sites.

White rust and downy mildew on new hosts in Turkey

Albugo convolvulacearum (Otth.) Kuntze on Convolvulus pentapetaloides L. and C. siculus L. subsp. siculus, and Peronospora trigonellae Gäum. on Trigonella cariensis Boiss., were collected for the first time in Turkey. The fungi species, including their macro- and microscopic features and distributions, are described.