Haeryip Sihombing

Ergonomic Design of CNC Milling Machine for Safe Working Posture

In milling operation, Computer Numerical Control (CNC) milling machine has been recognized as one of effective solutions for high productivity, efficiency, and precision. However, the existing CNC milling machine has contributed to ergonomics-related problems such as awkward working posture. The aim of this study is to redesign the existing CNC milling machine by considering working posture of the machinist. This study performed questionnaire survey to determine ergonomics feature requirements from the machinist. The requirements of the machinist are then translated using Quality Function Deployment (QFD) to obtain technical specifications of new design CNC milling machine. The working posture of machinist during operating the existing CNC milling machine and the redesigned CNC milling machine was assessed using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Based on the analysis, the redesigned CNC milling machine has improved the working posture as shown by low score of RULA. This study concluded that by considering the ergonomics feature requirements to the design of CNC milling machine enabled the machinists to perform milling operation in safe working posture. This study suggests that environmental factors should be considered in the future research works.

Real of Simply Assembly Line Balancing using Fact-Model

This study is to examine the productivity of the designated production line related to the cycle time, takt time, non-value added activities, and product quantities in which the processing time and the number of operators are having the correlation with assembly line balancing. By using a developed simulation tool, called as Fact-Model; which having facility menus such as the graph of critical path network, working time, and production table, enable users to analyze the line assembly related to idle time and bottleneck as well as to address the unbalancing causes. Fact-Model is also facilitate users to apply their owned pictures (which is taken related to process) in order to depict and map the real characteristic of production flows. Based on the simulation carried out, where the reallocation activities in Main-Board production line are undertaken through the production process and operators reassigned, it shows that productivity is optimum.

Modeling of a Jig Sampling and its Application in Disc Cutter Tools

The operations of preparing the deform sample and round bar mainly consist of the calculation of the bars unit weight. The Sampling process is conducted through the two cutting flows such as in line production and disc. The problems are then occurred in the second flow (in disc) in performing the cutting process on a certain length. Modeling of the jig sampling is used to solve this problem and also fully discussed throughout this paper.

Tensile Properties Evaluation of Paper Pulp Packaging at Different Sections and Orientations on the Egg Tray

Paper-based material has been frequently used as part of packaging solution as an option towards reducing municipal solid waste generation. Various studies on mechanical behaviour of paper-pulp packaging material have been conducted based on the machining direction and cross machining direction. However, there is still gap of information on paper-pulp packaging material behaviour at diagonal direction. A study has been conducted to investigate the variability to tensile properties of paper-pulp packaging at various packaging section (draft and base surface) and different specimen orientation (horizontal, vertical, and diagonal direction). In this research, results from the stress-strain relationship obtained from tensile and compression tests are presented. The data obtained are further analysed using ANOVA to find out whether material variations are significantly different with varying sections and orientations. Findings in this research supported the anisotropic properties of paper-based packaging material. Draft surfaces exhibit weaker strength than base surface. Also, the variability of stiffness and strength of specimens are more significant in horizontal and vertical direction compared to diagonal direction.

Adoption Factors of Halal Standards: The Malaysian Perspectives

The Halal products have become increasingly popular among consumers worldwide as the concept of Halal is associated with good, healthy, safe and high quality assessment. This paper aimed to discover and describe the adoption factors of Halal standards for Halal businesses. This study was based on Technological-Organizational-Environmental (TOE) framework and Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory to identify the significant adoption factors among Halal businesses. By conducting literature review from the leading databases, the study obtained adoption factors in three realms; technological, organizational and environmental. While adoption factors for technological realms were compatibility and perceived benefits, organizational realms were related to management support, organizational readiness, awareness, understanding, expected business benefits and Halal integrity. Factors for environmental realms were government support, competitive pressure, consumer pressure and Halal market demand. All the adoption factors will benefit researchers, enterprises and other stakeholders.

Problem identification using function, mechanism and attributes of product

Article history: Received: April 24, 2018 Received in revised format: June 24, 2018 Accepted: August 9, 2018 Available online: August 10, 2018 One of the primary objectives in product development is to reach an appropriate design perspective. This paper proposes a methodology, which uses functions, mechanisms, and attributes of the product to solve a design problem. The proposed approach works as a supporting methodology to assist young researchers as well as design engineers and the implementation of the method is demonstrated using a real-world case study of home appliances. A survey is conducted to identify six home appliances that have the highest frequency of daily use and to determine the one, which creates troubles for its users. The results of this study can be further used in TRIZ to identify innovative solutions.

Mechanical Properties and Failure Analysis of Laminated Glass Reinforced Composite with Various Gelcoat Thickness

The aim of this study is to evaluate the mechanical properties and study the failure of laminated glass reinforced composite coated with gelcoat of different thickness. Firstly, the gelcoat was applied to the mould using brush and subsequently, glass fiber reinforced composite laminates were fabricated on it using vacuum bagging technique. The mechanical properties of the composites various were tested by using tensile and three-point flexural tests. The fracture behaviour of different gelcoat thickness was observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) to determine the failure behaviour that occurred. The flexural test was performed in two ways, i.e., gelcoat layer facing top and facing down. For both flexural tests, composite coated with 0.30 mm thick of gelcoat shows the highest mechanical strength. Tensile test is useful to investigate the interfacial bonding in between gelcoat and laminate composite. The composite coated with 0.40 mm of gelcoat showed the highest tensile strength, an increase of 38 % compared to the uncoated composite. It was observed that an increase in gelcoat thickness increased the brittleness of the laminated composite. From the failure analysis, failures were caused by the delamination of matrix between the plies, while the gelcoat was still strongly bonded with composite laminate.

Hardness of Laminated Composite for Different Angle Cured Positions under Influence of Gravity Effects

Utilization of high tech engineering materials such as composites has been extensively applied in the industries of civil, mechanical and aerospace due to their favourable characteristic such as high stiffness to weight ratio, improve corrosion and environmental resistance and potential reduction of processing. This research is carried out to study the feasibility of laminated composite after cured at different angle due to gravity effects to enhance the curing space required. Vertically cured laminate having similar or improved properties with common horizontally cured laminate to save much space bringing huge advantage especially to the developing Small and Medium Industries / Entrepreneurs (SMI/E). The horizontal cured laminate composite no doubt will fill up the spaces which SMI/E lacks of. Polyester and E-type fiber glass were the main raw materials used in the research via vacuum bagging technique to drain out the excess resin applied as well as minimize the void or air in the laminated composite. The laminated composite fabricated is cured at different curing angle positions in room temperature for 24 hours under the gravity effects. Five samples were prepared according to the ASTM standard to undergo hardness test. From the testing, SN6 which cured at 75˚ had the closest hardness to the horizontal cured control sample.

Gravity Effects on the Density of Laminated Composite due to the Differences in Angle Cured

This research is carried out to study the feasibility of the gravity effects on curing position of the laminated composite structures to enhance the curing space needed. Vertical cured laminate having almost similar properties with common horizontal cured laminate able to save much space in composite industry especially for developing Small and Medium Industry (SMI). Horizontal cured laminates filled up spaces in which SMI lack of. Polyesters and E-glass fibers were used as the raw material in this research. Vacuum bagging technique was used to suck out the excess resin during lay-up to avoid any voids and air inside laminate and cured at different angle position in room temperature for 24 hours. Seven samples of laminated composite were fabricated and cut into specific dimension in accordance to ASTM standard. The aim of the research was to investigate the density property of the thermosetting laminated composite by curing the laminate at different angle using vacuum bagging technique. From the testing, SN6 had the same density value with control sample, SN1 that had value of 1.46 g/cm3.

Design and Analysis of a New Natural Illumination Device through Lumen Method Approach

The design and development of a natural illumination device (NID) for Malaysian roofing system is explored and improved with the aid of Lumen Method Approach at the analysis stage. The aim of this research is to channel and distribute natural sunlight from exterior to interior building to enlighten the required space in a daytime. It is made up of three main parts; dome as light collector, light tube as light reflector and light diffuser as light distributor. The result shows illuminance level for the NID in full summer sun and overcast summer sun conditions are higher than T8 fluorescent lamp.