Hafsa Chahdi

Le ganglioneurome de l’os zygomatique

Introduction Le ganglioneurome est une tumeur benigne rare, se developpant a partir des cellules ganglionnaires du systeme nerveux sympathique. Elle constituerait moins de 1 % de tous les neoplasmes des tissus mous. Observation Nous rapportons une localisation a l’os zygomatique chez un jeune homme de 22 ans, aux antecedents de traumatisme orbitaire dans l’enfance. La tumeur se manifestait par une simple tumefaction asymptomatique. Le diagnostic a ete pose sur l’analyse de la piece operatoire apres osteotomie modelante. Discussion Les sites preferentiels du ganglioneurome sont l’abdomen et le thorax, la localisation osseuse est exceptionnelle avec moins de dix cas rapportes dans la litterature, dont six cas mandibulaires. Nous discutons les causes possibles de cette localisation exceptionnelle.

An Unusual Cause of Intestinal Obstruction in a Young Adult Patient: Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp

Inflammatory fibroid polyps are uncommon benign lesions that originate in the submucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. The stomach and the ileum are the most commonly affected sites. Although inflammatory fibroid polyp is one of the rare conditions leading to intestinal obstruction in adults, it should be considered as a possible diagnosis in obstructive tumors of the small bowel causing intussusceptions. We present one case of inflammatory fibroid polyp as a rare cause of intussusception in a young adult patient.

Expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in bladder urothelial carcinoma

BackgroundUrothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in men worldwide. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression has been detected in a wide range of urothelial carcinoma. Despite many reports in the literature, the prognostic significance of this overexpression remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the expression of HER2 in urothelial bladder carcinomas and its association with clinical and pathological parameters.Methods103 cases of UBC were diagnosed in our department between January 2014 and December 2015. The tumor specimens obtained by transurethral resection or cystectomy were evaluated by immunohistochemistry using HER2 antibody.ResultsHER2 protein overexpression was present in 11.7% of cases and associated with tumor grade (p = 0.003) and pathological stage (p = 0.015). In multivariate analysis, HER2 overexpression was associated only with tumor grade (P = 0.04).ConclusionHER2 protein overexpression is noted in patients with high grade cancer. This expression may select patients for anti HER2 targeted therapy. Future larger and prospective studies will verify the frequency of HER2 alteration and the role of HER2 in the aggressive behavior.

An Atypical Etiology of Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy: Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma

Background: Ewings sarcomas and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors are high grade malignant neoplasms, arising from bone and soft tissues and are grouped in the Ewing family of tumors. Primary localization in the mediastinum is extremely rare and was treated in only a few case reports. Lymphatic localization has never been reported. We present a case of an extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma arising from lymphadenopathy in the hilar and anterior mediastinal regions with literature review. Case presentation: A 24 year old man was admitted to our institution for persistent cough, nocturnal diaphoresis, and weight loss of 6 kg. The chest X-ray displayed opacity of the left hilum at polycyclic contours. Chest Computed tomography scan confirmed supradiaphragmatic lymphadenopathy in the hilar and anterior mediastinal. Biopsy was performed. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis showed small and round cells tumor with positive staining for CD99 and vimentin, and negative staining of desmine, myogenine, actine muscle lisse, Proteine S-100, Chromogranine, CD56, pancytokeratin, myeloperoxidase and TTF1. Young age, morphological and immunohistological characters argued in favor of a tumor of Ewing group .We could not perform molecular cytogenetic analysis, because of the lack of technical structure. The staging was negative for any other metastatic disease or primitive bone tumor, and final diagnosis was primary localized Ewing sarcoma in mediastinal nodes. The patient received Ewing’s sarcoma chemotherapy regimen. Complete response was achieved after six courses. Radiotherapy was prescribed, and the same chemotherapy regimen was continued totaling a period of one year. The patient was well with no evidence of local relapse or metastasis three years after diagnosis. Conclusion: Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma should be contemplated in the differential diagnosis of mediastinal lymphadenopathy. With multimodal treatment, the patients are potentially curable.

Cas clinique/Case reportÉrysipèle de la face révélant une mucormycoseErysipelas of the face revealing a mucormycosis

BACKGROUND Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection, typically affecting immunocompromised patients. Rhino-orbital location is the most frequent form with cerebral blood vessels invasion and a fatal outcome. CASE REPORT An immunocompetent 38-year-old woman, with previous history of primary cutaneous mucormycosis, was admitted for a febrile erythemato-oedematous lesion of the face with well-demarcated edge evoking erysipelas. No cutaneous portal of entry was identified. Oral cavity examination found an ulceronecrotic lesion of the hard palate. Diagnosis of mucormycosis was retained after nasal endoscopy and histological findings. The patient was first treated for erysipelas, then by ascending dose of intravenous amphotericin B. A good outcome was observed despite the occurrence of nephrotoxicity which normalized by alkaline hyperhydratation. Healing was obtained after 1month of effective dose leaving cleft palate sequelae. DISCUSSION Mucormycosis occurs rarely in immunocompetent, even more if it is a second episode. Affecting the face, it may simulate or be revealed by superficial skin infection. Within that, a meticulous otorhinolaryngeal examination is required when the portal of entry is not obvious.

Érysipèle de la face révélant une mucormycose

BACKGROUND Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection, typically affecting immunocompromised patients. Rhino-orbital location is the most frequent form with cerebral blood vessels invasion and a fatal outcome. CASE REPORT An immunocompetent 38-year-old woman, with previous history of primary cutaneous mucormycosis, was admitted for a febrile erythemato-oedematous lesion of the face with well-demarcated edge evoking erysipelas. No cutaneous portal of entry was identified. Oral cavity examination found an ulceronecrotic lesion of the hard palate. Diagnosis of mucormycosis was retained after nasal endoscopy and histological findings. The patient was first treated for erysipelas, then by ascending dose of intravenous amphotericin B. A good outcome was observed despite the occurrence of nephrotoxicity which normalized by alkaline hyperhydratation. Healing was obtained after 1month of effective dose leaving cleft palate sequelae. DISCUSSION Mucormycosis occurs rarely in immunocompetent, even more if it is a second episode. Affecting the face, it may simulate or be revealed by superficial skin infection. Within that, a meticulous otorhinolaryngeal examination is required when the portal of entry is not obvious.

Métastases cérébrales d’un léiomyosarcome utérin

We here report the case of a 46-year old female patient with a history of total hysterectomy performed in 2011 due to uterine leiomyosarcoma followed by sessions of radiotherapy, who presented with right hemicorporal sensorimotor deficit of acute onset. Clinical examination showed right pyramidal syndrome. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a left frontoparietal extra-axial aggressive tumor (A). The patient underwent surgical resection of the cerebral lesion. Anatomo-pathological examination showed fusocellular tumor proliferation (B). Tumor cells looked like discreetly atypical muscle cells and showed few mitotic figures as well focal necrosis. Tumor proliferation infiltrated the bone, the soft tisuues and the dura-mater. Immunohistochemical examination was performed which showed anti h-caldesmon-positive cells (C) and smooth muscle anti-actin-positive cells. The diagnosis of brain metastasis from leiomyosarcoma was retained. The patient underwent radiotherapy sessions with improvement of the motor deficit.

Une forme particulière de pancytopénie

Primary hyperoxaluria is a rare disease whose incidence is estimated at less than 1 cases/million inhabitants/year. This is a congenital abnormality of hepatic metabolism leading to an endogenous overproduction of oxalate with excess urinary excretion. We report the case of a 43-year-old patient, was followed to end-stage renal disease hemodialysis, consulting for anemic syndrome with mucocutaneous pallor. Laboratory tests found pancytopenia with aplastic anemia. Bone marrow was difficult to achieve, bringing medullary blood hyperdilué and uninterpretable . Radiographs showed a homogeneous splenomegaly and small dedifferentiated a kidney marrow biopsy was performed. Histological examination revealed a myelofibrosis and birefringent crystals in polarized light, diagnosis retained: spinal oxalosis.L’hyperoxalurie primitive est une pathologie rare dont l’incidence est estimee a moins de1 cas / million d’habitants/ an. Il s’agit d’une anomalie congenitale du metabolisme hepatique entrainant une surproduction endogene d’oxalate avec exces de son elimination urinaire. Nous rapportons le cas d’une patiente de 43 ans, qui etait suivie pour insuffisance renale terminale au stade d’hemodialyse, ayant consulte pour un syndrome anemique fait de pâleur cutaneo-muqueuse. Le bilan biologique a retrouve une pancytopenie avec une anemie aregenerative. Le myelogramme etait difficile a realiser, ramenant un sang medullaire hyperdilue et ininterpretable. Le bilan radiologique a montre une splenomegalie homogene et des petits reins dedifferencies. Une biopsie osteomedullaire etait pratiquee. L’examen histologique a mis en evidence une fibrose medullaire et des cristaux birefringents en lumiere polarisee, le diagnostic retenu est celui de l’oxalose medullaire.

Evaluation of glutathione S-transferase pi 1 expression and gene promoter methylation in Moroccan patients with urothelial bladder cancer

Glutathione S‐transferase pi 1 (GSTP1) is a cytosolic detoxifying enzyme that protects cells against deleterious effects of oxidative stress. Deregulated expression of GSTP1 protein and aberrant promoter methylation of GSTP1 gene were reported in various human tumors and were shown to be involved in the molecular pathway for cancer development.

Mélanome des tissus mous: cas clinique

Le mélanome des tissus mous a été décrit en 1965 par Enzinger sous le nom de sarcome à cellules claires. En 1983, Chung et Enzinger le rebaptisent mélanome des parties molles en raison de similitudes immunohistochimiques avec le mélanome. Nous rapportons un cas de cette forme rare de mélanome, chez un jeune homme de 22 ans qui avait une lésion molluscoïde de la cheville sans signes cliniques de malignité, et dont l’examen histologique a permis de retenir ce diagnostic.Soft tissue melanoma was first described by Enzinger in 1965 under the name of clear cell sarcoma. In 1983, Chung and Enzinger renamed it soft tissue melanoma due to its immunohistochemical similarities with melanoma. We here report the case of a 22-year old young man with this rare type of melanoma, presenting with molluscoid lesion on his ankle without any clinical sign of malignancy. Histology examination confirmed the diagnosis of soft tissue melanoma.