Halimah Badioze Zaman

Digital Libraries: Technology and Management of Indigenous Knowledge for Global Access

Keynote and Invited Papers.- Personalization in Digital Libraries - An Extended View.- Case Studies in the US National Science Digital Library: DL-in-a-Box, CITIDEL, and OCKHAM.- Character Strings to Natural Language Processing in Information Retrieval.- Papers.- CMedPort: Intelligent Searching for Chinese Medical Information.- Automatic Summarization of Chinese and English Parallel Documents.- Incorporating Virtual Relevant Documents for Learning in Text Categorization.- A Case Study of a Stream-Based Digital Library: Medical Data.- Towards Web Mining of Query Translations for Cross-Language Information Retrieval in Digital Libraries.- Development of Design Recommender System Using Collaborative Filtering.- Collaborative Querying through a Hybrid Query Clustering Approach.- Information Needs in Information Space.- An Efficient and Fast Multi Layer Statistical Approach for Colour Based Image Retrieval.- Supporting Multilingual Information Retrieval in Web Applications: An English-Chinese Web Portal Experiment.- A Novel Value of Paragraph Content Based PageRank Approach.- Digital Reference Services: Do We Still Need Libraries?.- Approximate String Matching for Multiple-Attribute, Large-Scale Customer Address Databases.- ISTILAH SAINS: A Malay-English Terminology Retrieval System Experiment Using Stemming and N-grams Approach on Malay Words.- THVDM: A Data Model for Video Management in Digital Library.- A Multimedia Digital Library System Based on MPEG-7 and XQuery.- Multimedia Data Transmission Using Multicast Delivery in Digital Library.- Reducing Spatial Relationships for Efficient Image Retrieval.- Effective Image Annotation for Search Using Multi-level Semantics.- Affective Contents Retrieval from Video with Relevance Feedback.- IPSA: A Digital Archive of Herbals to Support Scientific Research.- HIT-DML: A Novel Digital Music Library.- An XPath Reduction Algorithm for Fast Querying of Digital Libraries in XML.- Continuous Naive Bayesian Classifications.- Web Mining for Identifying Research Trends.- Ontology Learning for Medical Digital Libraries.- LVS Digital Library Cluster with Fair Memory Utilization.- So Near and Yet So Far: The Digital Divide among the Information Professionals.- Where Does Professional Education on Digital Libraries Lead Our New Librarians?.- Towards Building Sociable Library System through Negotiation Engine.- Browsing a Digital Library: A New Approach for the New Zealand Digital Library.- The Inevitable Future of Electronic Theses and Dissertations within Malaysia Context.- MAG2DL: A Framework for Information Retrieval and Integration of Distributed Geographic Digital Libraries.- Digital Libraries in Asian Languages - A TCL Initiative.- A Knowledge Network Approach for Building Distributed Digital Libraries.- An Architecture of a Distributed Archive for Re-useable Learning Objects.- Creativity in Digital Libraries and Information Retrieval Environments.- Towards a Digital Document Archive for Historical Handwritten Music Scores.- Knowledge Seeking Activities for Content Intelligence.- Knowledge Management in a Chinese Genealogy Information System.- Approximating Fair Use in LicenseScript.- A Study on the Digital Right Management of MPEG-4 Streams for Digital Video Library.- Gradient-Based Edge Detection of Songket Motifs.- Assessing the Usability of Political Web Sites in Malaysia: A Benchmarking Approach.- The Implementation of the Electronic Game Terminology Dictionary.- Inculcating ICT Skills through a Collaborative Digital Library Initiative for Educational Use.- PAPER for an Educational Digital Library.- Metadata for Online Resources and Learning Object.- Segmenting Chinese Unknown Words by Heuristic Method.- Using a Light-Weighted Cache Pool to Leverage the Performance of Web Picture Databases.- An Object-Oriented Approach for Transformation of Spatial Data from Relational Database to Object-Oriented Database.- Improved Variable Ordering for ROBDDs.- Applying UML to a New Model for Transformation of Spatial Data from Relational Database to Object-Oriented Database.- Proxy Searching of Non-Searchable and Poorly Searchable Open Access Archives of Digital Scholarly Journals.- Object-to-Multidimensional Database Mapping Algorithms.- An Architecture for Multischeming in Digital Libraries.- Improving Automatic Labelling through RDF Management.- An OAI-Based Filtering Service for CITIDEL from NDLTD.- Challenges in Building Federation Services over Harvested Metadata.- Effective Design Multimedia Content Materials: Child-Centered Design.- Indigenous Digital Multimedia Content Development for E-learning: Instructional and Cognitive Design Model Approach.- GridFS: A Web-Based Data Grid with P2P Concepts and Writable Replicas.- Hierarchical Classification of Chinese Documents Based on N-grams.- Evaluating the Effectiveness of Thesaurus and Stemming Methods in Retrieving Malay Translated Al-Quran Documents.- Application of Latent Semantic Indexing on Malay-English Cross Language Information Retrieval.- Identification of Font Styles and Typefaces in Printed Korean Documents.- A Domain Specific Ontology Driven to Semantic Document Modelling.- The System of Registries: An Evaluation of User Feedback... A Year Later.- Posters.- OAI-Based Interoperable System for the Folk Music Digital Library.- An XML-Based Query Generator for Multiple Boolean Search Systems on the Web.- Design and Implementation of a Content-Based Video Retrieval System Using Moving Objects Trajectories.- ACNET: The Genesis of Iranian Information Consortia and Its Impact on National Digital Library Development.- Digesting Bilingual Web News via Mining Financial Activities and Events.- On Extracting Facial Expressions for the Virtual Image Masking.- Variable Order Verification Use of Logic Representation.- A Korean-Japanese-Chinese Aligned Wordnet with Shared Semantic Hierarchy.- A New Video Segmentation Method Using Variable Interval Frame Differencing for Digital Video Library Applications.- Towards Flexible and User-Friendly Management of Documents.- Effective Design of E-learning Application Incorporating Multiple Intelligences.- Integrating Web Databases through Semantic Networks.- Metadata++: A Scalable Hierarchical Framework for Digital Libraries.- The Making of the PolyU Course Scheme Database as One of the Digitization Initiatives of the Pao Yue-kong Library of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University.- Usage of Digital Library Services for the Medical Professionals.

Live Solar System (LSS): Evaluation of an Augmented Reality book-based educational tool

Live Solar System (LSS) is an Augmented Reality book-based educational tool to learn Astronomy. Augmented Reality (AR) has its own potential in the education field. In this paper, we review on Tangible Augmented Reality (TAR) which is a combination of Tangible User Interface and AR interface. By applying TAR in LSS, it was able to provide intuitive interaction which became a new learning experience for users. A user study was conducted to test on the usability of LSS based on three constructs namely: ease of use, learnability, and effectiveness. Findings of the study showed that LSS is easy to use and learn, and it also helped users in learning Astronomy.

Developing Augmented Reality book for deaf in science: The determining factors

Augmented Reality book is one of augmented reality applications. Augmented reality is a current technology which is based on visually oriented technique. Its visual capability is useful in many applications such as in teaching abstract concepts in learning Science. This article is a part of continuous work in the development of AR book for deaf students. This paper describes the investigation conducted in identifying the determining factors in designing the AR book for deaf students. The qualitative approaches such as observation and interaction techniques were conducted with three deaf students. From the observation and interaction, the researcher found that they preferred to use sign language video compared to text. The students preferred English text to Malay text and they preferred to watch the Whole Communication sign language video instead of the American Sign Language video. However, their performance was not so much different in their given answer. This prompted the researcher to design and develop an AR-Book called AR-SiD in two languages; Bahasa Malaysia and English. The designed AR-SiD is aimed to enhance the understanding of deaf students in learning Microorganisms topic in Science.

A Participatory Design in Developing Prototype an Augmented Reality Book for Deaf Students

One of Augmented Reality applications is known as Augmented Reality Book. Due to this, particular AR-Book is based on visually oriented technique and deaf students are generally classified as visual learners. The aim of this paper is to identify the criteria in developing an AR-Book for the deaf students. The AR-Book for deaf students is not the same as normal students because it has to include the sign language. In this ongoing study, qualitative approaches such as participatory design philosophy were used in designing and developing an AR-Book for deaf students. Three deaf students and three teachers who taught the deaf students were involved in this study. Two main findings showed that the sign language marker should be avoided and meanwhile, for the 3D model marker, it can work with the 2D picture or text. Therefore, it is more suitable to use sign language symbols in the AR-Book.

Augmented Reality as a Remedial Paradigm for Negative Numbers: Content Aspect

Augmented reality as a strategy to help students visualize the subtraction process of Negative Numbers involved during problem solving. Technology can help students learn subtraction process of Negative Numbers only if it is designed appropriately in content for its specific purpose. This paper will discuss the study to identify the suitable content as the aspect in instructional model for developing AR as a Remedial Paradigm for Negative Numbers subtraction operation that involved single and double digit integers. Researcher used library search and survey methodology through document search, questionnaire and interview methods. The respondent of this study were 124 students aged 14 years old and five mathematics teachers from two secondary schools in Sepang district. The finding shows types of mistakes made by the students for each type of items tested. Thus, a suitable content that researcher can use in AR remedial strategy was identified.

Review of Person Re-identification Techniques

Person re-identification across different surveillance cameras with disjoint fields of view has become one of the most interesting and challenging subjects in the area of intelligent video surveillance. Although several methods have been developed and proposed, certain limitations and unresolved issues remain. In all of the existing re-identification approaches, feature vectors are extracted from segmented still images or video frames. Different similarity or dissimilarity measures have been applied to these vectors. Some methods have used simple constant metrics, whereas others have utilised models to obtain optimised metrics. Some have created models based on local colour or texture information, and others have built models based on the gait of people. In general, the main objective of all these approaches is to achieve a higher-accuracy rate and lowercomputational costs. This study summarises several developments in recent literature and discusses the various available methods used in person re-identification. Specifically, their advantages and disadvantages are mentioned and compared.

Learning Science Using AR Book: A Preliminary Study on Visual Needs of Deaf Learners

Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology that is projected to have more significant role in teaching and learning, particularly in visualising abstract concepts in the learning process. AR is a technology is based on visually oriented technique. Thus, it is suitable for deaf learners since they are generally classified as visual learners. Realising the importance of visual learning style for deaf learners in learning Science, this paper reports on a preliminary study of on an ongoing research on problems faced by deaf learners in learning the topic on Microorganisms. Being visual learners, they have problems with current text books that are more text-based that graphic based. In this preliminary study, a qualitative approach using the ethnographic observational technique was used so that interaction with three deaf learners who are participants throughout this study (they are also involved actively in the design and development of the AR Book). An interview with their teacher and doctor were also conducted to identify their learning and medical problems respectively. Preliminary findings have confirmed the need to design and develop a special Augmented Reality Book called AR-Science for Deaf Learners (AR-SiD).

Gender Differences in Computer Literacy Level Among Undergraduate Students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

This study was conducted to assess gender differences in computer literacy levels of undergraduate students in UKM. Responses from 2,591 students were analyzed. Students were surveyed on software and application use, self‐perceived control and programming skills. There is a significant difference in computer literacy level between male and female students; overall mean score for male was 2.62 (N = 734, SD = 0.71) while female score was 2.34 (N = 1570, SD = 0.58). Male students had greater computer experience and use computer more frequently. They also reported a higher computer ability and slightly higher percentage of them own a computer. Males had greater self‐perceived control and higher programming skills and better ability in computer repair and maintenance than females. Other factors such as computer experience, and computer ownership also affect computer literacy level as was shown by the interaction effect existed among gender, computer experience, and computer ownership. Implication from this study indicates that increasing the computer experience and encouraging students to own a computer will give more opportunity to female students to achieve a higher level of computer literacy.

Advances in Visual Informatics

Software programming for concurrent execution is not a simple task. The main issue related to this work is the lack of visibility of the multiple and parallel execution over the threads. Multi core processor technology is a reality nowadays and the only way to use modern hardware at its full capacity lays in the use of concurrent software. In this paper, we present a new 3D framework, based on hand gestures that manipulate multiple threads of execution and to deal with the visibility issues, using a 3D programming environment.

Enhancement of background subtraction techniques using a second derivative in gradient direction filter

A new approach was proposed to improve traditional background subtraction (BGS) techniques by integrating a gradient-based edge detector called a second derivative in gradient direction (SDGD) filter with the BGS output. The four fundamental BGS techniques, namely, frame difference (FD), approximate median (AM), running average (RA), and running Gaussian average (RGA), showed imperfect foreground pixels generated specifically at the boundary. The pixel intensity was lesser than the preset threshold value, and the blob size was smaller. The SDGD filter was introduced to enhance edge detection upon the completion of each basic BGS technique as well as to complement the missing pixels. The results proved that fusing the SDGD filter with each elementary BGS increased segmentation performance and suited postrecording video applications. Evidently, the analysis using Fscore and average accuracy percentage proved this, and, as such, it can be concluded that this new hybrid BGS technique improved upon existing techniques.