Haneul Kim

Pontibacter salisaro sp. nov., Isolated from a clay tablet solar saltern in Korea

A Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, and red-pigmented bacterial strain, HMC5104T, was isolated from a solar saltern, found in Jeungdo, Republic of Korea (34°59′47″N 126°10′02″E). The major fatty acids were summed feature 4 (comprising iso-C17:1 I and/or anteiso-C17:1 B; 37.2%), iso-C15:0 (20.4%), and iso-C17.0 30H (15.3%). The DNA G+C content was 46.0 mol%. The major isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone-7 (MK-7). A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HMC5104T formed a lineage within the genus Pontibacter, and was closely related to Pontibacter korlensis (95.9%), P. roseus (94.9%), and P. actiniarum (94.3%). Similarities to all other Pontibacter species were between 95.9–93.9%. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HMC5104T represents a novel species of the genus Pontibacter, for which the name Pontibacter salisaro sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HMC5104T (=KCTC 22712T = NBRC 105731T).

Pontibacter saemangeumensis sp. nov., isolated from seawater

A gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile and pink bacterial strain, designated strain GCM0142(T), was isolated from the confined seawater in the Saemangeum Tide Embankment of South Korea, and characterized using a polyphasic approach. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of strain GCM0142(T) indicated that the isolate belonged to the phylum Bacteroidetes and exhibited similarity levels of 94.0-96.4 % to the type strains of recognized Pontibacter species. Strain GCM0142(T) was oxidase- and catalase-positive. The major cellular fatty acids of the novel strain were summed feature 4 (comprising iso-C(17 : 1)I and/or anteiso-C(17 : 1)B, 36.8 %), iso-C(15 : 0) (22.3 %) and summed feature 3 (comprising C(16 : 1)ω7c and/or C(16 : 1)ω6c, 6.2 %). The DNA G+C content of strain GCM0142(T) was 48.9 mol% and the major quinone was MK-7. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, two unknown aminolipids (AL1-2), an unknown aminophospholipid, five unknown lipids (L1-5) and an unknown glycolipid. On the basis of the evidence presented, strain GCM0142(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Pontibacter, for which the name Pontibacter saemangeumensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GCM0142(T) ( = KACC 16448(T) = JCM 17926(T)).

Flavobacterium jumunjinense sp. nov., isolated from a lagoon, and emended descriptions of Flavobacterium cheniae, Flavobacterium dongtanense and Flavobacterium gelidilacus.

A Gram-staining-negative, yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, motile by gliding, designated HME7102(T), was isolated from lagoon water in Korea. The phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HME7102(T) formed a distinct lineage within the genus Flavobacterium. Strain HME7102(T) was closely related to Flavobacterium cheniae NJ-26(T) (94.5 %), Flavobacterium dongtanense LW30(T) (94.4 %) and Flavobacterium gelidilacus LMG 21477(T) (94.2 %). The major fatty acids of strain HME7102(T) were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH. The major polyamine was homospermidine and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid and two unidentified polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain HME7102(T) was 36.5 mol%. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HME7102(T) represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium jumunjinense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HME7102(T) ( = KCTC 23618(T) = CECT 7955(T)). Emended descriptions of F. cheniae, F. dongtanense and F. gelidilacus are also proposed.

Mucilaginibacter soyangensis sp. nov., isolated from a lake

A non-motile, yellow-orange-pigmented bacterial strain, designated HME6664(T), was isolated from Lake Soyang, Republic of Korea. The major fatty acids of strain HME6664(T) were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω6c and/or C(16 : 1)ω7c; 44.7%) and iso-C15 : 0 (20.2%). The DNA G+C content was 40.8 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HME6664(T) formed a lineage within the genus Mucilaginibacter. Strain HME6664(T) was closely related to Mucilaginibacter ximonensis (96.7%), Mucilaginibacter dorajii (96.5%) and Mucilaginibacter lappiensis (96.3%). On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HME6664(T) represents a novel species of the genus Mucilaginibacter, for which the name Mucilaginibacter soyangensis sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is HME6664(T) ( = KCTC 23261(T) = CECT 7824(T)).

Sediminibacterium goheungense sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater reservoir.

A novel bacterial strain designated HME7863(T) was isolated from a freshwater reservoir in Goheung, Republic of Korea. Cells of strain HME7863(T) were Gram-staining-negative, strictly aerobic, orange-pigmented, rod-shaped and motile by gliding. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain HME7863(T) formed a lineage within the genus Sediminibacterium. Strain HME7863(T) was closely related to Sediminibacterium ginsengisoli DCY13(T) (96.9 % sequence similarity) and Sediminibacterium salmoneum NJ-44(T) (96.4 %). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C16 : 0 3-OH. Polar lipid analysis revealed the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine, five unidentified aminolipids, two unidentified aminophospholipids, one unidentified phospholipid and two unidentified polar lipids. The only respiratory quinone was MK-7. The DNA G+C content was 40.5 mol%. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HME7863(T) represents a novel species of the genus Sediminibacterium, for which the name Sediminibacterium goheungense sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is HME7863(T) ( = KCTC 23945(T) = CECT 8100(T)).

Hymenobacter yonginensis sp. nov., isolated from a mesotrophic artificial lake

A non-motile, red-pigmented bacterium, designated strain HMD1010(T), was isolated from an artificial lake located within the campus of Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin, Korea. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HMD1010(T) formed a lineage within the genus Hymenobacter and was closely related to the type strains of Hymenobacter rigui (96.7 % sequence similarity) and H. gelipurpurascens (95.6 %). The major fatty acids were C(16 : 1)ω5c (21.9 %), summed feature 3 (iso-C(15 : 0) 2-OH and/or C(16 : 1)ω7c; 17.2 %), iso-C(15 : 0) (14.5 %) and summed feature 4 (anteiso-C(17 : 1) B and/or iso-C(17 : 1) I; 11.9 %). The DNA G+C content was 60.4 mol%. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HMD1010(T) represents a novel species of the genus Hymenobacter, for which the name Hymenobacter yonginensis sp. nov. was proposed. The type strain is HMD1010(T) ( = KCTC 22745(T)  = CECT 7546(T)).

Algoriphagus taeanensis sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat, and emended description of Algoriphagus hitonicola.

A Gram-staining-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated HMC4223(T), was isolated from a tidal flat in Taean, Republic of Korea. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HMC4223(T) formed a lineage within the genus Algoriphagus and exhibited highest sequence similarity to Algoriphagus hitonicola 7-UAH(T) (96.3 %). The major fatty acids of strain HMC4223(T) were iso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c). The major respiratory quinone was MK-7. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and five unidentified polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain HMC4223(T) was 48.4 mol%. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HMC4223(T) represents a novel species of the genus Algoriphagus, for which the name Algoriphagus taeanensis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain HMC4223(T) ( = KCTC 22709(T) = NBRC 105728(T)). An emended description of Algoriphagus hitonicola is also presented.

Chitinimonas viridis sp. nov., isolated from a mesotrophic artificial lake.

A Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, strain HMD2169(T), was isolated from a mesotrophic artificial lake in Korea. Strain HMD2169(T) grew in the presence of 0-3.0% (w/v) NaCl, at pH 5-10 and at 20-37 °C. The predominant quinone of strain HMD2169(T) was ubiquinone (UQ)-8. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0 and summed feature 8 (comprising C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified aminolipids and two unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content was 59.8 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HMD2169(T) was a representative of a lineage within the genus Chitinimonas. Strain HMD2169(T) was closely related to Chitinimonas taiwanensis (95.8 % sequence similarity) and Chitinimonas koreensis (94.6 %). On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HMD2169(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Chitinimonas, for which the name Chitinimonas viridis sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain HMD2169(T) ( = KCTC 22839(T) = CECT 7703(T)).

Flavobacterium gyeonganense sp. nov., isolated from freshwater, and emended descriptions of Flavobacterium chungangense, Flavobacterium aquidurense, Flavobacterium tructae and Flavobacterium granuli.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated HME7524(T), was isolated from freshwater of Gyeong-an stream in Korea. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HME7524(T) formed a distinct lineage within the genus Flavobacterium and exhibited high sequence similarity with Flavobacterium chungangense CJ7(T) (96.9 %), Flavobacterium aquidurense WB-1.1.56(T) (96.9 %), Flavobacterium tructae 435-08(T) (96.9 %) and Flavobacterium granuli Kw05(T) (96.9 %). The major fatty acids of strain HME7524(T) were iso-C15 : 0 (26.5 %) and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c; 17.4 %). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids and three unidentified polar lipids. The major respiratory quinone was MK-6. The DNA G+C content of strain HME7524(T) was 34.2 mol%. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HME7524(T) represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium gyeonganense sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is HME7524(T) ( = KACC 17688(T) = CECT 8365(T)). Emended descriptions of Flavobacterium chungangense, Flavobacterium aquidurense, Flavobacterium tructae and Flavobacterium granuli are also provided.

Pontibacter jeungdoensis sp. nov., isolated from a solar saltern in Korea

A Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped and red-pigmented bacterial strain, HMD3125T, was isolated from a solar saltern in Jeungdo, Republic of Korea. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HMD3125T formed a lineage within the genus Pontibacter and was similar to Pontibacter salisaro (96.1%) and P. korlensis (95.3%). The major fatty acids of strain HMD3125T were summed feature 4 (comprising iso-C17:1 I and/or anteiso-C17:1 B; 30.4%), iso-C15:0 (20.4%) and iso-C17:0 3OH (17.2%). The polar lipid profile of HMD3125T consisted of the phosphatidylethanolamine, four unidentified polar lipids, unidentified phospholipid, unidentified aminolipid and unidentified aminophospholipid. Strain HMD3125T contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and sym-homospermidine as the major polyamine. The DNA G+C content of strain HMD3125T was 45.6 mol%. Strain HMD3125T assigned as a novel species in the genus Pontibacter, for which the name Pontibacter jeungdoensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HMD3125T (=KCTC 23156T =CECT 7710T).