Hao Jian-Kui

Stable Operation of the 2 K Cryogenic System for the Superconducting Accelerator at Peking University

A superconducting energy recovery linac test facility (PKU-SETF) was built at Peking University, and a 2K cryogenic system, which is the first closed-loop 2K cryogenic system for a superconducting accelerator in China, was constructed for the 1.3 GHz 3+1/2 cell dc-SRF injector. The main accelerator consists of two nine-cell TESLA-type superconducting cavities of the PKU-SETF The commissioning and stable operation of this 2 K cryogenic system was carried out. A helium pressure stability of better than ±0.1 mbar and a total refrigeration capacity of 65 W at a temperature of 2K was reached.

Optimization of a Cryogenic System at Temperature 2 K for the PKU-FEL Facility

The conceptual design of a cryogenic system at temperature 2 K for the Peking University Free Electron Laser (PKU-FEL) facility is carried out. In order to minimize the scale of the cryogenic system and the running cost, the superconducting accelerator and the superconducting injector will mainly run at a long-pulsed mode. Optimization of the 2-K cryogenic system is carried out based on the heat load estimation and running parameters. Total cooling power of 52.5 W for the long-pulsed mode is necessary for the PKU cryogenic system. The PKU cryogenic system will be the first 2-K system for accelerators in China and will provide experience for similar facilities.

Design of a low level radio frequency control system for the direct current-superconductive photocathode injector at Peking University

A digital low level radio frequency (LLRF) control system based on a high precision field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is being developed for the stable operation of the upgraded direct current-superconductive (DC-SC) photocathode injector at Peking University The design of this LLRF control system is described, including both the hardware and the internal algorithm. Analysis of disturbances shows that the system can achieve the requirement of ±0.1% for amplitude stability and ±0.1° for phase stability. Through experiments, preliminary results are presented in the paper.

The First Nine-Cell TESLA Cavity Made in China

A totally home-made 9-cell TESLA type superconducting cavity is made at Peking University. The cavity fabrication is according to DESY specification. The cavity is made of high purity niobium from OTIC, Ningxia. The electron beam welding is carried out at Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin. By the cooperation, the cavity is tested at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, USA. The preliminary result shows the acceleration gradient Eacc is 23MV/m without quench and has potential for improvement.

Design of a capacitive main power coupler for RF superconducting accelerators

An updated main coupler has been designed for the superconducting accelerator of Free Electron Laser (FEL) project under construction in Peking University. A capacitive structure is chosen for the main coupler. Numerical investigation using CST Microwave Studio demonstrates the cold window part. The other nonstandard structures such as holding rods and antenna are also optimized. The coupler uses a 95% purity Al2O3 ceramic cold window. The VSWR (Vottage Standing Wave Ratio) is 1.02 at 1.3 GHz and the frequency bandwidth is 45 MHz with VSWR<1.1. The electric field intensity is 8.5×10−2 kV/mm around the window with 20 kW Continuous Wave (CW) transmitted power. The Qext is designed variable from 5×106 to 1×107.

Cold RF test and associated mechanical features correlation of a TESLA-style 9-cell superconducting niobium cavity built in China

The RF performance of a 1.3 GHz 9-cell superconducting niobium cavity was evaluated at cryogenic temperatures following surface processing by using the standard ILC-style recipe. The cavity is a TESLA-style 9-cell superconducting niobium cavity, with complete end group components including a higher order mode coupler, built in China for practical applications. An accelerating gradient of 28.6 MV/m was achieved at an unloaded quality factor of 4 × 109. The morphological property of mechanical features on the RF surface of this cavity was characterized through optical inspection. Correlation between the observed mechanical features and the RF performance of the cavity is attempted.

Amplitude and phase stability studies in a DC superconducting injector

The DC superconducting injector will be used in the PKU-THz facility which consists of a DC-gun and a 3+1/2-cell superconducting cavity. The cavity must accelerate the electron beam to 5.82 MeV which is susceptible to perturbations because of its narrow bandwidth. In this paper, the sources and influences of the perturbations in the 3+1/2-cell cavity are discussed. It is shown that the control system is essential for the cavity. The design of a feedback based digital RF low level control system for the 3+1/2-cell cavity is accomplished.

Recent progress on RF superconducting cavities

RF superconducting (SRF) cavities can work in continuous wave mode or long pulse mode. SRF technology has been developing rapidly since the end of the last century. RF superconducting technology is widely used in particle accelerators around the world. As the key elements, research on superconducting cavities is carried out worldwide. Besides Europe, the United States and Japan, many countries have already started SRF projects, such as Canada, India, Korea, etc. Great improvements on SRF technology have been made in China in recent years. Progress in SRF cavities is introduced in this paper.

Impact on the magnetic compressor due to CSR

When an electron bunch is compressed in a chicane compressor, the CSR (coherent synchrotron radiation) will induce energy redistribution along the bunch. Such energy redistribution will affect the longitudinal emittance as a direct consequence. It will also excite betatron oscillation due to the chromatic transfer functions, and hence a transverse emittance change. So, it is indispensable for us to find a way to alleviate the CSR-caused emittance dilution and the bad result of chicane compressor in PKU-FEL.