Harold O. Hodgins

HUMORAL FACTORS IMPORTANT IN RESISTANCE OF SALMONID FISH TO BACTERIAL DISEASE. II. ANTI-VIBRIO ANGUILLARUM ACTIVITY IN MUCUS AND OBSERVATIONS ON COMPLEMENT

Harrell, L.W., Etlinger, H.M. and Hodgins, H.O., 1976. Humoral factors impcirtant in resistance of salmonid fish to bacterial disease. II. Anti-Vibrio anguillarum activity in mucus and observations on complement. Aquaculture, 7: 363-370. It has been demonstrated that heat-stable (presumably antibody) and heat-labile (presumably complement) components are necessary to prevent the growth of Vibrio anguillarum in in vitro experiments with trout immune serum and mucus. Anti-V. anguillarum agglutinins were found in the body mucus of intraperitoneally immunized rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) 3-6 weeks after serum agglutination titers of 131 072 or greater were attained. A component of rainbow trout body mucus was found to be indistinguishable from serum immunoglobulin by immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.

Humoral factors important in resistance of salmonid fish to bacterial disease. I. Serum antibody protection of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) against vibriosis

Abstract Serum antibody is shown by passive immunization and absorption experiments to be an important component of defense mechanisms against experimentally induced vibriosis in rainbow trout ( Salmo gairdneri ). Antigen from heat-killed Vibrio anguillarum injected into trout with Freunds complete adjuvant induced much higher agglutinin titers than formalin-killed bacteria with or without adjuvant, or heat-killed bacteria without adjuvant. Passively transferred trout anti- Vibrio anguillarum serum provided protection against experimental vibriosis in trout for more than 2 months. Passively transferred anti- Vibrio anguillarum rabbit serum also protected trout.

Biochemical Genetic Variation at Six Loci in Four Stocks of Rainbow Trout

Abstract Biochemical variants of the enzymes alpha glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (AGPD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), tetrazolium oxidase (TO), and phos-phoglucomutase (PGM) and of the serum protein transferrin (Tfn) were identified in four stocks of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Various lines of evidence indicated that each polymorphic system reflected genetic variation at discrete loci. Each stock had a distinct genetic profile based on the frequency of different biochemical variants. The findings have considerable potential for application including: (1) characterization and identification of stocks; (2) indicators of inbreeding in hatchery and wild populations; (3) studies of physiological differences of genetically related forms of a particular enzyme and of environmental factors influencing retention of these variant genes in different populations; (4) use as genetic markers in seeking linkages; and (5) studies of ecological and evolutionary relations among rainbow tr...

Phosphoglucomutase polymorphism in sockeye salmon

Abstract 1. 1. Phosphoglucomutase phenotypes of all but one of 633 sockeye salmon ( Oncorhynchus nerka ) consisted of one or both of two zones of activity resolved by starch gel electrophoresis. 2. 2. The common phenotypes could be explained by a hypothesis of two alleles at a single locus; the excpetional phenotype could be explained by postulating a third allele. 3. 3. Variations in frequency of these phenotypes in samples from three major geographic areas suggest that this system may be useful for population studies.

Interspecific variation of tetrazolium oxidase in Sebastodes (rockfish)

1. 1. Fifteen species of Sebastodes were separated into three groups on the basis of mobility of tetrazolium oxidase in starch gels. 2. 2. An apparent relation was observed between tetrazolium oxidase mobility and spawning season.

The effects of aroclor 1254 and no. 2 fuel oil on smoltification and sea-water adaptation of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

Abstract Yearling coho salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ) were injected with 150 μg/kg of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) Aroclor 1254 just prior to smoltification. During the following 6 wk, biweekly measurements of plasma thyroxine (T 4 ) and triiodothyronine (T 3 ) and gill Na + -K + adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) were made. Alterations in the normal developmental patterns of T 4 were observed in the PCB-injected fish. At sea-water entry, the salmon oil carrier-injected and PCB-injected fish were further subdivided. One-half of each group went into sea water and the other half into sea water containing 700 μg/l No. 2 fuel oil. Significant mortalities were observed in all of the treatment groups. The mortalities observed in the PCB-injected and fuel oil-exposed fish appeared additive when compared with PCB-injected-only or fuel oil-exposed-only fish.

Rainbow trout leukocyte culture: a simplified method.

SummaryThe addition of 10% fetal bovine serum to Leibovitz’s L-15 culture medium resulted in marked growth of peripheral blood leukocytes from rainbow trout,Salmo gairdneri. Culture medium without serum or with 20% homologous serum did not induce substantial growth. In contrast to what has been reported by others, oxygenation of the culture medium was found not to be required for excellent cell growth.

Phosphoglucomutase polymorphism in pacific ocean perch, Sebastodes alutus.

1. 1. Three phenotypes of phosphoglucomutase were found in muscle extracts of Pacific ocean perch (Sebastodes alutus) by starch gel electrophoresis. 2. 2. Evidence for nonrandom distribution of phenotypes with regard to depth at which samples were taken, sex and alleles of α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase is presented.