Haroldo Tavares Elias

Variabilidade genética em germoplasma tradicional de feijão-preto em Santa Catarina

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade genetica entre 45 cultivares de feijoes tradicionais do grupo comercial preto, por meio de tecnicas multivariadas baseadas em 11 caracteres morfoagronomicos e nutricionais. A distância generalizada de Mahalanobis fundamentou as tecnicas de agrupamentos Tocher e UPGMA. Pelo metodo Tocher foram constituidos nove grupos. Foi detectada divergencia genetica entre as cultivares tradicionais e as testemunhas comerciais de feijao. A maior divergencia foi observada entre as cultivares do grupo 7, em especial a cultivar CFE 22, que se apresentou mais divergente em relacao as demais. Para compor programas de hibridacao com os genotipos avaliados, sugerem-se cruzamentos entre as cultivares do grupo 2, em especial CFE 25, CFE 100 e FT Nobre, e as do grupo 7, em especial o acesso CFE 22. Essas cultivares se destacam por serem as mais divergentes entre si e por possuirem as melhores produtividades.

Characterization of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum isolates using differential cultivars of common bean in Santa Catarina State, Brazil

ABSTRACT In 2003 and 2004, 32 isolates of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum obtained from the infected plants of field-grown common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Santa Catarina state, Brazil were analyzed based on the virulence to 12 differential cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L.. Thirteen distinct races were identified, six of which had not been reported previously in Santa Catarina. This is the first report of the occurrence of 67, 83,101,103,105, and 581 races of C. lindemuthianum. Race 65 was most common (34%). All the isolates were compatible to the cultivars Michelite and Mexico 222. Some isolates infected not only differential cultivar of Mesoamerican origin, but also the ones of Andean origin. Key words: Anthracnose, common bean, new races, Phaseolus vulgaris L . * Author for correspondence INTRODUCTION Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important source of food for the people in Brazil and it is a proven source of the protein and is also a good source of the carbohydrates and iron (Goncalves-Vidigal et al., 2007b). One of the most widespread and important diseases of this crop is anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. et Magn.), which causes complete yield loss when susceptible genotypes are used in favorable conditions to the pathogen (Pastor-Corrales and Tu, 1989; Poletine et al. 2000). The first studies in Brazil to identify C. lindemuthianum races were done in Sao Paulo state (Kimati, 1966). The author identified the alpha, delta and Mexican II group races. In 1973, the isolates collected in Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina states were characterized as belonging to alpha, beta, Mexican I and Brazilian I races, while the gamma race was only identified in Santa Catarina (Oliveira et al., 1973). The occurrence of alpha group I in Parana state was first reported by Araujo (1973). In Minas Gerais, races from the alpha, Mexican II and Brazilian I and II groups were also characterized (Oliari et al., 1973). In 1988, 25 isolates from Santa Catarina state were characterized by Menezes and Dianese (1988). The authors identified 16 isolates belonging to Alpha race, three to Delta race, three to Epsilon, one to Kappa and two to Mu race. In Santa Catarina, Balardin et al. (1990), working on