Hatice Kaya

Assessing time-management skills in terms of age, gender, and anxiety levels: A study on nursing and midwifery students in Turkey

INTRODUCTIONnThe success of university students depends on their ability to utilize time properly and completely. Students are required to learn to manage time so that they are able to apply the same degree of efficiency in the profession they choose after completing their education.nnnMETHODSnThis descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted to determine nursing and midwifery students time management skills in terms of their age, gender, and anxiety levels. The study population consisted of 1002 students, of which 584 students were selected for sampling. A Student Information Form, Time Management Inventory, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used to collect data.nnnRESULTSnAmong the students, 89.9% were female, and the average age was 20.58 years (SD = 2.10). The average score of the Time Management Inventory was 87.79 (SD = 11.78), the mean score of the State Anxiety Inventory was 40.11 (SD = 10.84), and that of the Trait Anxiety Inventory was 43.95 (SD = 7.98).nnnCONCLUSIONSnNursing and midwifery students time management skills are at mid-level point. Female students were able to manage time better than male students and the time management skills of the students decreased as the anxiety level increased.

History of childhood physical trauma is related to cognitive decline in individuals with ultra-high risk for psychosis

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma (CT) and cognitive functioning in individuals with ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR). Fifty-three individuals at UHR for psychosis were administered a neurocognitive battery that assessed attention, processing speed, verbal learning, memory, working memory, interference inhibition, and sustained attention. The CT was assessed using the short-version Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). We dichotomized the sample by using cut-off scores for the presence of emotional, physical and sexual trauma, and physical and emotional neglect. Those with a history of physical trauma performed worse on the Digit Span Forward test, Trail making B (time), Stroop test (difference between color and word reading times), and completed categories of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Physical trauma scores were correlated with WCST-completed categories, Digit Span Forward and Stroop test scores. Physical neglect scores were negatively correlated with Digit Span Forward Test scores. Most of the significant dose–response relationships between cognitive impairment and different subtypes of CT were found only in men. There was no difference between those with and without other kinds of childhood abuse or neglect in terms of cognitive impairment. Our findings suggest that a history of physical trauma has a negative impact on cognitive function in individuals at UHR for psychosis.

Eating Behaviors and Related Factors in Psychiatric Patients

&NA; The aim of this study was to determine the risk of eating disorders and associated risk factors in individuals with psychiatric disorders. Patients who were hospitalized in a psychiatry clinic of the university hospital between the dates of February 2014 and July 2014 constitute sample for the study. The study sample consisted of a total of 216 patients. Data were collected using a questionnaire form and the Eating Attitude Test. The mean age of the patients was 37 ± 0.5, and 56.9% of the patients were female. Problems in eating behavior were observed in 11.6% of the patients, and a statistically significant relationship was found between the risk of eating disorders and diagnosis, gender, exercise and self‐perception of weight. The risk of eating disorders was more frequently observed in patients diagnosed with depression, in female patients with a self‐perceived weight problem and do not exercise.

Assessment of the environmental risk perceptions and environmental attitudes of nursing students

Purpose: This is a descriptive study examining nursing students’ perceptions of the environmental risks and their environmental attitudes. Methods: The study population comprised 2364 nursing students studying at universities in Istanbul in the fall semester of the 2012–2013 academic year. The sampling group was formed by 778 students which were selected by a stratified random sampling procedure. The data were collected using “The Student Personal Information Form”, “The Environmental Risk Perception Scale” and “The Environmental Attitudes Scale”. Findings: The students’ mean score on perceptions of environmental risk was 6.04u2009±u20090.81(min 2.56; max 7.00) and the mean score of their environmental attitudes was 4.02u2009±u20090.47(min 2.28; max 5.00). It was determined that factors such as gender, interest in environmental issues, endorsement of the college course on environment as necessary, and participation in an environmental activity and awareness of non-government environmental organizations affected the environmental risk perception and environmental attitudes. A moderate positive relationship (ru2009=u20090.366, pu2009<u2009.001) was found between the students’ environmental risk perceptions and their environmental attitudes. Conclusion: Effective environmental education should be planned at all stages of the nursing education.

Stan odżywienia pacjentów Neurochirurgicznego Oddziału Intensywnej Opieki Medycznej

Neurosurgical patients present important metabolic alterations that trigger increased energy and protein expenditure. The clinical condition in neuro patients associated with the use of sedatives, steroids, barbiturates and muscle-relaxing drugs postpones the use of nutrients in these patients and, thus, complications, including infection and longer hospitalization, may occur. Weight loss, negative nitrogen balance and immune dysfunction constitute a characteristic response in neurosurgical patients. There is a strong relationship between adequate nutritional status and recovery from critical illness. Improved nutritional status is associated with positive clinical outcomes. The health care team, nurses in particular, play a major role in the management and maintenance of an optimal nutritional status in patients who are in the neurosurgical clinic. This compilation aims at highlighting the fact that inadequate nutrition is a serious problem which increases incidence of morbidity and mortality especially in neurosurgical patients. The article also emphasises the importance of nursing assessment. (JNNN 2017;6(1):33–38)

Effects of oral care with glutamine in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in neurosurgical intensive care unit patients.

PURPOSEnThe study was designed as a randomized, controlled, experimental study aiming to determine the effects of oral care with glutamine in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients admitted to neurosurgical intensive care unit.nnnMETHODSnThe universe consisted of patients who are admitted to neurosurgical intensive care unit between January 2014 and August 2015, while the sample consisted of 88 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were randomly selected. The study group received oral care with 5% glutamine, whereas the control group received oral care with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution.nnnDATA COLLECTING TOOLSnAll date was acquired using Patient Information Form, Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Evaluation scale (APACHE II), Beck Oral Assessment Scale (BOAS), Mucosal Plaque Score (MPS) and Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS). One-way ANOVA test was used for comparing parameters with normal distribution between groups along with descriptive statistical methods. Kruskal-Wallis Test was used for comparing parameters without normal distribution between groups.nnnRESULTSnIn the control group, mean BOAS score was 9.33±1.8 mean MPS score was 3.68±0.87 and mean CPIS score was 4.07±1.78. In the study group, mean BOAS score was 10.16±2.78, mean MPS score was 3.93±1.04 and mean CPIS score was 3.78±2.25. There was no statistically significant difference in mean scores at 1st day, 3rd day, 5th day and discharge (p>0.05). However, BOAS, MPS, CPIS and APACHE II scores was significantly lower at discharge than 1st day in both groups.nnnCONCLUSIONnThere was no significant difference in using 5% glutamine or 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution for oral care for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Similar studies with bigger sample size and longer term should be conducted for better results.

The effect of nursing care protocol on the prevention of central venous catheter-related infections in neurosurgery intensive care unit

PURPOSEnThis clinical study was planned to determine the effect of Nursing Care Protocol on the prevention of central venous catheter-related infections in neurosurgery intensive care unit.nnnMETHODnThe study was conducted between January 2012 and December 2013. The sampling consisted of 160 patients compatible with study inclusion criteria (80 protocol and 80 control patients). Routine care was applied to the control group while the protocol group received catheter care according to the protocol formed in accordance with the suggestions of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The data were collected from Patient Information Form, Follow-Up Form, and APACHE II scores.nnnRESULTSnA significant difference existed between the two groups in terms of mean APACHE II scores on discharge (p<0.05) whereas no significant difference in terms of mean fever, number of leucocytes and lymphocytes, C-reactive protein, and days of catheter carriage (p<0.05). Hemoculture positivity was less in protocol group, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).nnnCONCLUSIONnThe suggested nursing care protocol is significantly efficacious in the prevention of CVC-related infections. Training of healthcare workers on using this protocol is recommended.

History of Childhood Physical Trauma Has a Negative Impact On Cognitive Functioning in Individuals at Ultra High Risk for Psychosis

In our previous studies we reported that there were more childhood trauma (CT, 1) and cognitive deficits (2) in UHR group. The aim of this study is to measure the relationship between CT and cognitive functioning in UHR group. Sixty-four individuals at UHR for psychosis were applied a neurocgnitive battery assessing attention, processing speed, verbal learning and memory, working memory, interference inhibition and sustained attention. CT was assessed by short version of Childhood Trauma Questionnary (CTQ). We dychotomized the sample by using cut off scores for the existence of emotional, physical, sexual taruma, physical and emotional neglect. Those with history of physical trauma had worse performance on Digit Span-forward, Trail making B (time), Stroop test-difference between colour and word reading times, WCST-completed categories. Physical trauma scores were negatively correlated with WCST-completed categories, and physical neglect scores were negatively correlated with Digit span test-forward. Our findings suggest that history of physical trauma has a negative impact on cognitive functioning in individuals at UHR for psychosis.n 1. Sahin S, Yuksel C, Guler J, Karadayi G, Akturan E, Gode E, Ozhan AA, Ucok A. The history of childhood trauma among individuals with ultra high risk for psychosis is as common as among patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2013; 7:414-20. 2. Ucok A, Direk N, Koyuncu A, Keskin-Ergen Y, Yuksel C, Guler J, Karadayi G, Akturan E, Devrim-Ucok M. Cognitive deficits in clinical and familial high risk groups for psychosis are common as in first episode schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2013; 151:265-9

Sexual dysfunction and anxiety levels of type 2 male diabetics

AIMnThis descriptive study aims to identify sexual dysfunction and anxiety levels of male patients with type 2 diabetes.nnnMETHODnThe sample is composed of 150 patients who were seen at the Endocrinology and Diabetes Clinic of one university hospital in Istanbul, Turkey. The data were collected using an Information Form, the International Index of Erectile Function, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).nnnRESULTSnThe mean age of the sample was 56.2±8.71, the sexual dysfunction total score was on average 46.44±15.66, and 82% of the sample experienced erectile dysfunction. According to the STAI, the patients had mild anxiety on average, whereas according to the TAI, they had moderate anxiety levels. There were no statistically significant differences between the sexual dysfunction total scores and the State Anxiety Scores (p>0.05), whereas there was a negative weak correlation between the trait anxiety levels (p<0.05).nnnCONCLUSIONnThese results show that the sexual function and anxiety of diabetic patients should be evaluated at regular intervals.

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