Hatice Parlak

Investigation of the sediment pollution in Izmir Bay: trace elements

Abstract The pollution of Izmir Bay was investigated by measuring the trace elements of the surface sediments. The sediment samples were collected from 100 locations in Izmir Bay, five rivers and five sewer outfalls. The collected samples were acid digested and analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), flame atomic emission spectrometry (FAES), graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) for a total of 16 trace elements. Selected samples were also analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) for 39 additional elements. The AAS, XRF and INAA techniques agreed fairly well for most of the elements studied. The concentrations of elements showed significant differences between inner, middle and outer bays with higher concentrations in the inner bay. The distributions of the crustal enrichment factors were also prepared and investigated.

Detecting micronuclei frequency in some aquatic organisms for monitoring pollution of Izmir Bay (Western Turkey)

Micronuclei tests is a system of mutagenicity testing used for determining the pollution and chemicals causing changes in DNA fragments such as micronuclei in the cytoplasm of interphase cells. Damage caused on the DNA by genotoxic pollutants is the first consequence occurring in the aquatic organisms. Thus, it was attempted to determine whether pollution affected the erythrocytes and gills of fish Gobius niger and haemolymph and gills of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis living in Izmir Bay at the level of DNA by the means of micronuclei (MN) test. Organisms used in the MN test were collected from seven locations (Alsancak, Alaybey Shipyard, Karsiyaka, Bostanli, Göztepe, Konak and Pasaport) which are known as the most polluted part of inner Bay of Izmir (Western Coast of Turkey). According to the results of the present study, frequency of MN was found at high level in Alaybey Shipyard and Pasaport where wastes from existing dockyard contributed to high level of pollution. In conclusion, this study indicates that the micronuclei test gives sensitive results in monitoring the pollution, especially the pollution of harbor, and thus it might be used as standard method in regular monitoring of pollution of coastal ecosystem.

Assessment of micronuclei induction in peripheral blood and gill cells of some fish species from Aliağa Bay Turkey

The aim of this paper was to assess the biological damages in fish caused by various mutagenic agents present in polluted waters of Aliağa Bay. For this purpose, micronuclei (MN) test was performed using peripheral erythrocytes and gill cells of different fish specimens caught from both polluted and relatively clean sites from Aliağa Bay (Turkey). Micronuclei tests is a system of mutagenicity testing used for determining changes in DNA fragments such as micronuclei in the cytoplasm of interphase cells caused by the pollution and chemicals in the environment. Thus, it was attempted to determine whether pollution affected the erythrocytes and gills of fish living in Aliağa Bay at the level of DNA by the means of micronuclei (MN) test. According to the results of present study, frequency of MN was found at high level in polluted site. In conclusion, this study indicates that the micronuclei test gives sensitive results in monitoring the pollution, especially the pollution of harbor, and thus it might be used as standard method in regularly monitoring pollution of coastal ecosystem.

Gölcük Gölü (İzmir, Türkiye) sedimentinin Desmodesmus (=Scenedesmus) dimorphus üzerine fitotoksistesi

Golcuk Golu (Bozdag-Izmir) turizm aktiviteleri, evsel ve tarimsal kaynaklar nedeniyle kirlenmektedir. Golcuk Golu’nun suyu tarimda sulama amacli kullanilmakta ve golden beslenme amaciyla balik avlandigi icin gol suyu, civarindaki halkin sagligini da olumsuz yonde etkilemektedir. Bu amacla, “OECD 201 Algal Buyume Inhibisyon Testi” kisa zamanli phytotoxicity test yontemi icin standart bir test protokoludur ve yesil alglerden olan Desmodesmus dimorphus kulturu birinci trofik seviye temsilcisi olarak degerlendirilmektedir. Bu test, golden daha onceden belirlenmis 5 ornekleme yerinden toplanan sediment orneklerinin toksisitesini degerlendirmek icin kullanildi. Sediment orneklerinin ekstraktlari dort farkli konsantrasyonda (20, 40, 100 ve 200 mg/ml) test edildiler. Desmodesmus dimorphus’ un buyumesi uzerindeki etkiler, sayma kamarasi Neubauer hemositometre ile isik mikroskopu altinda hucre sayimi yapilarak degerlendirilmistir. Sonuclara gore, 3 numarali istasyon disinda tum sediment ekstraktlari artan konsantrasyona bagli olarak Desmodesmus dimorphus buyumesini engellemistir ve bu istasyonlar sirasiyla 2>5>4>1 nolu istasyonlardir. Ayrica 3 nolu istasyonda zamana ve konsantrasyona bagli olarak alg sayisinda artis (hormesis) gozlenmistir.

Uçucu yağların Daphnia magna (Straus, 1816) üzerine akut toksisitesi.

Bu calismada, beslenme, tibbi tedavi ve kozmetik endustrisinde kullanimi soz konusu olan 6 cesit bitkisel yagin Daphnia magna akut hareketsizlik testi ile etkili konsantrasyolari (EC50) belirlenmistir. Toksisite testlerinde Biberiye, Okaliptus, Uzum Cekirdegi, Kekik, Cay Agaci, Bugday ozu yaglari test maddesi olarak kullanilmistir. Tum yaglarin etki konsantrasyonlari karsilastirildiginda (EC50) Kekik yaginin digerlerine gore daha toksik oldugu belirlenmistir