Hayrunnisa Nadaroglu

Antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of Iris germanica

The antioxidant activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts of iris (Iris germanica L., family Iridaceae) has been evaluated in vitro using various antioxidant assays, including reducing power, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and metal chelating activities. Both aqueous and ethanol extracts exhibit strong total antioxidant activity, showing 95.9, 88.4, 79.9% and 90.5, 78.0, 65.3% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion in concentrations of 10, 30, and 50 µg-ml, respectively. Both extracts also possess effective reducing power and exhibit free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and metal chelating activities in concentrations of 20, 40, and 60 µg-ml. The antioxidant properties were compared to those of reference antioxidants (BHA, BHT, and α-tocopherol). In addition, the total content of phenolic compounds in both aqueous and ethanol iris extracts has been determined as gallic acid equivalent. The results indicate that iris has in vitro antioxidant properties, which can be the major factor responsible for the inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

Removal of cobalt (II) ions from aqueous solution by using alternative adsorbent industrial red mud waste material

This study on the removal of cobalt ions from aqueous solutions by red mud was conducted in batch condition. Its objective was to investigate the possibility of using red mud waste material as an alternative to high cost commercial adsorbent materials for the removal of cobalt from aqueous solution. In this study, batch experiments were carried out for the adsorption of cobalt onto red mud industry waste. The red mud waste material was successfully used for the removal of cobalt ion from aqueous solution and the technique appears industrially applicable and viable. The potential of economically cheap waste materials like red mud was assessed for cobalt adsorption from aqueous solutions. The operating variables studied were contact time, initial solution pH, initial metal concentration, temperature and adsorbent dosage. The experimental investigation results show that activated red mud has a high level of adsorption capacity for cobalt ion. The adsorption data was correlated with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. It was found out that the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms fitted well to the data. Consequently, it was concluded that the red mud can be successfully used for the removal of the cobalt ions from the aqueous solutions with heavy metals.

Removal of textile dye Reactive Black 5 from aqueous solution by adsorption on laccase-modified silica fume

AbstractTextile wastewater with the dye is released in various ways into the environment and it causes significant environmental problems. Due to the stability of modern dyes, conventional biological treatment methods for industrial wastewater are ineffective, resulting in an intensively colored discharge from the treatment facilities. Thus, there is a need for developing more effective treatment methods to eliminate dyes from the waste stream at its source. The most effective methods of dye removal from wastewater are adsorption and the use of enzymes. In this study, the removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) from aqueous solutions has been studied using silica fume (SF) waste material after its modification with laccase from Russulaceae (Lactarius volemus). Laccase was purified by using saturated precipitate (NH4)2SO4, DEAE-cellulose and immobilized on SF. Batch adsorption experiments have been performed as a function of pH, contact time, temperature, and adsorbent dosage. The optimum results were obtained a...

Removing Trypan blue dye using nano-Zn modified Luffa sponge.

This study has presented specific features that are examined to remove the Trypan blue dye from the waste using Luffa sponge (LS) and modified Luffa sponge with zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs). Peroxidase enzyme was obtained from Euphorbia amygdaloides plant and it was used with the green synthesis of Zn nanoparticles. Luffa sponge was used to be a support material for immobilized nanoparticles and it also used in remediation work. The obtained membrane forms, fibrous materials, (LS, ZnNPs-LS) were characterized with SEM and XRD. LS and ZnNPs-LS were employed as adsorbent to be used for the removal of Trypan blue dye from aqueous via batch studies. Measurements were made for the equilibrium, pH, temperature, concentration of dye with UV-visible spectrometer (590nm; for Trypan blue dye). The optimum removal of Trypan blue dye was found at pH7, the equilibrium was attained within 30min. The thermodynamic properties ΔG0, ΔH0, and ΔS0 showed that adsorption of Trypan blue dye onto LS and ZnNPs-LS were spontaneous and endothermic. The equilibrium isotherm data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich models and the sorption process was described by the Langmuir isotherm with maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 45.32 and 47.3mg/g for LS and LS-ZnNPs at 303±1°K, respectively.

Purification and characterization of β -mannanase from Bacillus pumilus (M27) and its applications in some fruit juices

Thermo alkaline mannanase was purified from the bacteria of Bacillus pumilus (M27) using the techniques of ammonium sulphate precipitation, DEAE-Sephadex ion exchange chromatography and Sephacryl S200 gel filtration chromatography with 111-fold and 36 % yield. It was determined that the enzyme had 2 sub-units including 35 kDa and 55 kDa in gel filtration chromatography and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis systems. The optimum pH and temperature was determined as 8 and 60 °C, respectively. It was also noticed that the enzyme did not lose its activity at a wide interval such as pH 3–11 and at high temperatures such as 90 °C. Additionally, the effects of some metal ions on the mannanase enzyme activity. Moreover, the clarifying efficiency of purified mannanase enzyme with some fruit juices such as orange, apricot, grape and apple was also investigated. Enzymatic treatment was carried out with 1 mL L−1 of purified mannanase for 1 h at 60 °C. It was determined that the highest pure enzyme was efficient upon clarifying the apple juice at 154 % rate.

Purification and Characterization of Carbonic Anhydrase from Bovine Erythrocyte Plasma Membrane

ABSTRACT Carbonic anhydrase (CA) was purified from bovine erythrocyte plasma membrane and characterized in this study. For this purpose, the blood taken from young animals was hemolysed, the membrane fraction was separated, and this fraction was repeatedly washed. The enzyme (CA) was removed from the membrane with buffered TritonX-100 (1%); it could be purified at a factor of 22.8 by affinity chromatography.

Green synthesis and characterisation of platinum nanoparticles using quail egg yolk.

Nanotechnology is extensively used in all parts today. Therefore, nano synthesis is also significant in all explored areas. The results of studies conducted have revealed that nanoparticle synthesis is performed by using both chemical and physical methods. It is well known that these syntheses are carried out at high charge, pressure and temperature in harsh environments. Therefore, this study investigated green synthesis method that sustains more mild conditions. In this study, quail egg yolk having high vitamin and protein content was prepared for green synthesis reaction and used for the synthesis of platinum nanoparticles in the reaction medium. Reaction situations were optimised as a function of pH, temperature, time and concentration by using quail egg yolk. The results showed that the highest platinum nanoparticles were synthesised at 20°C and pH6.0 for 4h. Also, optimal concentration of metal ions was established as 0.5mM. The synthesised platinum nanoparticles were characterised by using UV spectrum, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope.

Immobilization of a thermostable phytase from Pinar melkior (Lactarius piperatus) onto magnetite chitosan nanoparticles

Phytase enzyme was purified from the Pinar melkior (Lactarius piperatus) mushroom using ammonium sulfate precipitation and DEAE-sephadex ion exchange chromatography techniques. First, the purified phytase enzyme was covalently bound to the surface of magnetite-CTS NPs in yield of 87%. Then, optimum pHs of the free and immobilized enzymes were determined as 5.0 and 4.0, respectively. Optimum temperature of free and immobilized enzymes was found as 60°C. Also, the effects of some metal ions on activity of free and immobilized phytase enzymes were investigated. Also, research was undertaken as to whether the purified free and immobilized phytase enzyme could hydrolyze the phytic acid in many cereal products or not. And, it was discovered that the immobilized phytase enzyme hydrolyzed the phytic acid at the highest rate (75.02% rate) in wheat. From the findings obtained, that immobilized enzyme was quite resistant to temperature, pH and metal ions.

Biochemical Evaluation and Green Synthesis of Nano Silver Using Peroxidase from Euphorbia (Euphorbia amygdaloides) and Its Antibacterial Activity

Silver nanoparticles are used an increased attention for various biomedical and medical applications. In this study, green synthesis of silver nanoparticles was made with simple method by using peroxidase enzyme partially purified from Euphorbia (Euphorbia amygdaloides) plant. Optimum pH, temperature and time period were determined to obtain silver nanoparticles using the peroxidase enzyme. The result shows that higher silver nanoparticle was synthesized for 4 hours and at 20°C and pH 8. Also, optimal concentration of metal ions was found as 0.5 mM. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV spectrum, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction. Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles was measured against some microorganisms such as Serratia marcescens, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli. Synthesized silver nanoparticles have wide spectrum antibacterial activity in low concentration and may be a good alternative therapeutic approach in medicine and pharmaceutical fields in future.

Experimental study on the nickel (II) removal from aqueous solutions using silica fume with/without apocarbonic anhydrase

Abstract The silica fume is a fine-grain, thin and very high surface area silica. Although the silica fume is a waste material of industrial applications, it has become the most valuable by-product among the pozzolanic materials due to its very active and high pozzolanic property. In this study, the potential use of silica fume in the remediation of polluted heavy metal water to remove nickel ions is presented. For studying metal adsorption, 1 g of silica fume has been taken as adsorbent and then it has been suspended in 50 ml of 3 mmol dm−3 NiCl2, at pH between 3 and 9 and contacted batchwise in a thermostatic (t = 25°C ± 0.1°C) water-bath agitator for 1 h to enable equilibration of the sorbent and solution phases. The nickel concentrations in the samples taken from the silica fume treated aqueous solutions of polluted river water with/without apocarbonic anhydrase (apoCA) and NiCl2 solution have been determined by spectrophotometric method using dithizone. The nickel concentration in the samples of sili...