Hélène Gagnon

Geranial and neral, major constituents of Lippia multiflora Moldenke leaf oil.

ABSTRACT The leaf oils of samples of Lippia multiflora Moldenke collected from different geographic areas of Togo and from cultivated plants were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Three types of essential oils were characterized, one which is rich in neral and geranial, (23–89%) and two other types, poor in neral and geranial, containing either 1,8-cineole (16–63%) or thymol (15–40%) and p-cymene (15–20%) as the major components. The oils obtained exhibited insecticidal activity against the bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus Fab. in a dose-dependent manner.

Essential Oils from Bolivia. III. Asteraceae: Artemisia copa Philippi

Abstract The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from Artemisia copa growing in the high valley region of Bolivia, Province of Cochabamba, was determined by a combination of GC and GC/MS measurements. The main constituents were β-thujone (42%), chamazulene (6.5%) and a homoterpene (6.0%) as well as limonene (5%) and α-pinene (4.8%).

Aromas from Quebec. I. Composition of the essential oil of the rhizomes of Acorus calamus L.

Abstract The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the rhizomes of Acorus calamus (sweet flag) collected in the Grondines region, Province of Quebec, was determined by GC/FID and GC/MS analyses. Several components were isolated by liquid chromatography and were identified by various NMR experiments such as: 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY. The major compounds were identified as preisocalamenediol, acorenone, shyobunone, and cryptoacorone. The complete stereochemical structure of cryptoacorone was elucidated

Leaf Oil of Melaleuca quinquenervia from Benin

ABSTRACT The essential oils obtained from the leaves of Melaleuca quinquenervia from Benin were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Three chemovarieties were identified; one with a high content of 1,8-cineole (48%) and a smaller amount of viridiflorol (17%), another with about equal amounts of the same two compounds and a third variety rich in viridiflorol (48%) with 1,8-cineole (12%) as the second most important constituent.

Essential Oils from Bolivia. I. Asteraceae: Baccharis tricuneata (L.f.) Pers. var. ruiziana Cuatrecassas

Abstract The essential oil of the aerial parts of Baccharis tricuneata var. ruiziana (Asteraceae) from Bolivia was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The oil is characterized by a high percentage of (E)-nerolidol (∼68%) and the presence of several minor constituents composed mainly of monoterpenes (∼16%), followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (∼5%) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (∼3%).

Leaf Oils of Three Eucalyptus Species from Benin: E. torelliana F. Muell., E. citriodora Hook, and E. tereticornis Smith

ABSTRACT The essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from the leaves of Eucalyptus torelliana F. Muell., Eucalyptus citriodora Hook, and Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith were analyzed using Kovats indices and GC/MS. The main components identified in E. torelliana were α-pinene (19%), p-cymene (14%) and spathulenol (17%). The oil of E. citriodora could be an interesting natural source of citronellal (66%). The major components of the essential oil of E. tereticornis were the farnesol geometric isomers: (E,E)-farnesol (57%), (E,Z)-farnesol (13%) and (Z,Z)-farnesol (8%).

Essential Oils from Bolivia. VII. Myrtaceae: Myrcianthes osteomeloides (Rusby) McVaugh and Myrcianthes pseudomato (Legrand) McVaugh

Abstract The chemical composition of the essential oils of Myrcianthes osteomeloides and M. pseudomato was studied by GC and GC/MS. Myrcianthes osteomeloides oil contained 1,8-cineole (55.7%) as the major component followed by α-pinene (17.9%), α-terpineol (8.5%) and β-pinene (4.6%). We identified 1,8-cineole (24.4%), α-pinene (17.1%), linalool (11.7%), limonene (8.5%) and γ-terpinene (7.3%) as main constituents in M. pseudomato oil.

(E)-Anethole as a Major Essential Oil Constituent of Clausena anisata

ABSTRACT In the course of our comprehensive investigation of the oils of the leaves of Clausena anisata from three West African countries, we have observed that, on the basis of its oil constituents, C. anisata can be classified into three major chemovarieties. Two of these chemovarieties have been observed in collections in Ghana, Togo and Benin. One contains mainly methyl chavicol (80–100%), and between one and ten other constituents, while the other contains a large number of constituents (up to 50), varying in concentration from 0.2% to about 20%. These include limonene, β-phellandrene, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene and germacrene D. However, there is a third collection in Ghana, positively identified as C. anisata, which yields between 85–100% of(E)-anethole as its major essential oil constituent. The chemovariation does not appear to be dependent on seasonal or geographical factors. The plants containing either methyl chavicol or (E)-anethole give very high yields of oil while those with several const...

The use of sensor array technology for rapid differentiation of the sapwood and heartwood of Eastern Canadian spruce, fir and pine

The quality of the pulp and paper produced in eastern Canada is affected by the proportions of black spruce (Picea mariana), balsam fir (Abies balsamea) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana) present in the wood chips used. A rapid analytical method capable of differentiating the wood of these three species of conifer is a prerequisite to developing a procedure to determine these proportions. This differentiation was achieved through the use of an electronic nose made up of an array of conductive polymer-carbon black composites-based sensors. The procedure is rapid and involves training and validation of the e-nose using reference wood samples followed by identification of unknown samples. Principal Component Analysis is performed on the smell-prints obtained during the training phase. Complete discrimination of the sapwood and heartwood of the three conifers was achieved. The reference and the unknown samples must be measured under identical conditions.ZusammenfassungDie Qualität von Zellstoff und Papier, die in Ostkanada produziert werden, wird durch unterschiedliche Anteile von Picea mariana, Abies balsamea und Pinus banksiana beeinflusst. Eine schnelle analytische Methode, um die jeweilige Art dieser drei Nadelhölzer zu unterscheiden, ist ein Voraussetzung dafür, diese Anteile zu bestimmen. Die Differenzierung wurde erreicht durch Anwendung einer elektronischen Geruchssonde, deren Sensoren aus einem Kompositwerkstoff aus Polymeren und Ruß bestehen. Die Methode ist schnell und erfordert ein Training und die Bewertung der Geruchssonde durch Vergleich mit Referenzproben und nachträgliches Bestimmen nicht identifizierter Proben. Während der Trainingsphase wird eine Hauptkomponenten-Analyse angewendet. Mit der Methode konnte die vollständige Differenzierung zwischen Splint- und Kernholz der drei Nadelholzarten erreicht werden. Die Kontrollproben und unbekannten Proben müssen dabei unter identischen Bedingungen gemessen werden.

Chemical Composition of Leaf Oil of Vitex agnus-castus L. from Benin

Abstract The major components of leaf oil of Vitex agnus-castus L. from Benin are 1,8-cineole (22.6%), sabinene (19.4%) and (E)-β-farnesene (7.7%). The chemical composition of four oils from Benin, Nigeria, Italy and Croatia were qualitatively comparable.