Herbert L. Lyon

Price Elasticity of the Demand for Cigarettes in the United States

The retail price elasticity of demand for cigarettes is a particularly important parameter for social decisions at this time. Results from prior cigarette elasticity studies vary widely, ranging from −0.10 to −1.48. Temporal changes may explain some of this variation, but differences in research methods are more important. The quasi-experimental approach used in this article yields an elasticity estimate (−0.511) free of many of the extraneous and irrelevant systematic influences that afflict time-series and cross-section methods. In addition, the length of run of the elasticity is known and explicit. The method provides built-in protections against bias from trends in collinear variables and produces sensible estimates with reasonably small and measurable dispersion.

An Exploratory Investigation of Organizational Climate and Job Satisfaction in a Hospital

The organizational climate of a hospital is investigated, and its impact on job satisfaction is analyzed for nurses and administrators. Different climate dimensions are found to influence individua...

Measurement Modifications for Assessing Organizational Climate in Hospitals

The degree to which the Halpin and Croft Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire generalizes from business and educational settings to hospital settings was investigated. Two criteria were...

A Motivational Profile of Management Scientists

Maslows need-hierarchy theory of motivation has had a major influence on the thinking and research of many writers studying managerial behavior in an organizational setting. A growing number of groups of managers have been used as subjects in studies concerned with motivation and perceived need satisfactions. One conspicously absent group in recent studies conducted by behavioral scientists has been management scientists, a randomly selected sample of 192 of whom participated in the present study. The objective of the study was to learn about (1) the relation between job level and perceived need satisfaction, (2) the relation between company size and perceived need satisfaction, and (3) the interaction effects of level and size on perceived need satisfaction. Since the management science profession is becoming a significant force in society and organizations, the preliminary findings of this study provide some much needed motivational data. It was generally found that the most predominant independent var...