Hernandes Rufino dos Santos

Larvicide activity of essential oils on Aedes aegypti L. (Díptera: Culicidae)

espanolAedes aegypti L. es el mosquito de salud publica mas importante del mundo. Esto es debido a que es un transmisor del virus que causa muchas enfermedades, especificamente el dengue. Tradicionalmente, el uso intensivo de insecticidas ha sido la estrategia principal para eliminar los mosquitos adultos o sus larvas; Sin embargo el uso intensivo de insecticidas puede estimular una resistencia en los mosquitos y danos a la salud o al medio ambiente. Los aceites esenciales de plantas medicinales se habian mostrado de alta eficiencia como larvicidas alternativos. Por lo tanto, evaluamos la eficiencia de los aceites esenciales de Vanillosmopsis arborea y Hyptis suaveolens en larvas de Aedes aegypti. Los aceites esenciales se extrajeron mediante el metodo de hidrodestila-cion utilizando un equipo Clevenger. Se utilizo un diseno completamente al azar (CRD) utilizando un factorial 2x5 que el aceite esencial de V. arborea y H. suaveolens a concentraciones de cinco concentraciones (200, 150, 100, 50 y 0 ppm) respectivamente. Cada uno de los diez tratamientos se replico cuatro veces utilizando diez larvas cada uno, totalizando 40 muestras. CL W CL50, CL(9)0, ensayo promedio, analisis de regresion y eficiencia. El aceite de V. arborea mostro valores de CL W = 39,69 ppm, CL50 = 48,98ppm y CL90 = 60,45 ppm, mientras que el aceite de H. suaveolens mostro valores de CL W = 78,46ppm, CL50 = 139,7 ppm y CL90 246,48 ppm. El principal componente quimico de V. arborea fue a-bisabolol (94,17%), mientras que para H. suaveolens fue 1,8-cineol (72,23%). Ambos aceites esenciales probados mostraron efecto larvicida sobre las larvas de A. aegypti EnglishAedes aegypti L. is the most important mosquito in terms of public health in the world. It transmits a virus that causes several diseases, among them, dengue fever. Traditionally, the intensive use of insecticides has been the main strategy to control A. aegypti and to eliminate adult mosquitos or their larvae; however, this may lead to resistance by the mosquitos and damages to human health and the environment. Essential oils from medicinal plants have shown high efficiency as alternative larvicides. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to evaluate the larvicide potential of Vanillosmopsis arborea and Hyptis suaveolens on Aedes aegypti larvae. The essential oils were extracted by the hydrodistillation method using a Clevenger equipment. The completely randomized design (CRD) was used with a 2x5 factorial, with two essential oils and five concentration levels (200; 150; 100; 50; and 0 ppm). Each one of the ten treatments was replicated four times with ten larvae each, totaling 40 plots. Analyses were made regarding LC10, LC50, LC90, test of means, and regression and efficiency analysss. The V. arborea oil showed values of LC W = 39.69 ppm, LC50 = 48.98 ppm, and LC90 = 60.45 ppm, while the H. suaveolens oil showed values of LC W = 78.46 ppm, LC50 = 139.7 ppm and LC90 = 246.48 ppm. The main chemical component of V. arborea was a-bisabolol (94.17%), while for H. suaveolens, it was 1,8-cineol (72.23%). The essential oils showed a larvicide effect on A. aegypti larvae