Hilka Vier Machado

A identidade e o contexto organizacional: perspectivas de análise

This paper has an approach about identity, showing its application to the organizational theory. While describe different levels of the identity phenomenon, the paper establishes the frontiers of the study among each category, as well the possibilities of integration among the different approaches and their applicability in the organizational studies. In this way, the personal identity, the social identity, the identity in the work and the organizational identity are categories discussed, whose goal is extending the discussion about the subjectivity in organizations. It was verified that the perspectives of identitys study in organizations are multiples and there is a large field for discussion.

Alteridade, expatriação e trabalho: implicações para a gestão organizacional

Alterity consists of a relation between an individual and other. It is by means of this exchange that each one builds or rebuilds their identity. On the other hand, expatriation situations demand a redefinition of identities both in the individual and social plans. Considering these aspects, this qualitative and exploratory study was carried out in the form of case studies with nine people who have left their countries to work in another. The objective of the study is to investigate the alterity process in expatriates and its implications in work situations. The data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews, which were recorded and then transcribed. Their content was analyzed using Nvivus software and the following categories were extracted from their speech: expatriates life, repatriates life and work conditions. Finally, based on the results, it is discussed the implications of this study on organizations and organizational management.

Empresas familiares do setor moveleiro e desenvolvimento local em Guarapuava - PR

Este estudo analisa a participacao de empresas familiares no desenvolvimento local, especificamente empresas familiares moveleiras da cidade de Guarapuava – PR. Para a realizacao deste estudo qualitativo, buscaram-se interpretacoes de sujeitos que atuam no poder publico, de empresarios e ex-empresarios da industria de moveis, e coleta de dados secundarios. Os resultados mostram que a participacao de empresas familiares da industria de moveis no desenvolvimento local em Guarapuava ocorre por meio de: constituicao de redes sociais informais de cooperacao entre empresarios moveleiros; participacao em parcerias de negocios entre empresarios moveleiros e com outras categorias empresariais; articulacoes de empresarios moveleiros com representantes do poder publico; dentre outras contribuicoes, como: geracao de empregos, doacoes diversas e auxilios a pessoas e entidades. Nao obstante, constataram-se inumeras dificuldades enfrentadas pelo poder publico municipal quando da estruturacao e efetivacao de iniciativas publicas inovadoras de estimulo e apoio ao desenvolvimento do setor moveleiro, desde a decada de 1980.

EMPREENDEDORISMO E FRANCHISING: UMA COMBINAÇÃO QUE GARANTE A SOBREVIVÊNCIA?

The micro and small enterprises are important in the Brazilian economic context; however, this kind of business have experienced high mortality rates, caused by external and internal factors including entrepreneurs characteristics. On this context franchising is an alternative that intends to provide higher rates of success through the offer of a pre-tested and formatted business. However, this kind of enterprise is also subjected to failure. The present study intended to explore the reasons of failure in franchisees units. This research was carried through an ex-post facto and cross-sectional study. It was used the non-probabilistic sapling technique of the type snow ball. The collection of the data was done by a structured questionnaire. It was obtained data of 39 ex-franchised that finished their franchises from 2000 to 2004. The data were analyzed by the non-parametric tests of Spearman and Kendall Tau. In conclusion it was verified that there is not a single feature determinant for failure, but a complex collection of associated features that contribute to franchising failure. Among these factors, financial aspects and peculiar franchising aspects are the most significant ones. Notwithstanding, the lack of managerial or sector experience are also critical factors to franchising failure, as they are in independent business.

Alerta Empreendedor e as abordagens causation e effectuation sobre empreendedorismo

According to Gartner (1985), to understand the dimensions and variables of entrepreneurship and how they relate to each other contributes to understanding the phenomenon of new venturing creation. Entrepreneurial alertness (Kirzner, 1997) explains how business opportunities are identified and contributes to the creation of new business. This study aimed to relate the level of entrepreneurial alertness to entrepreneurial approaches causation, consistent with the concept of planning and analysis, and effectuation, consistent with the exploitation of emerging opportunities in a non-predictive way, both presented by Sarasvathy (2001). As a specific objective, it intended to validate the entrepreneurial alertness scales developed by Tang, Kacmar and Busenitz (2012), and entrepreneurial approaches scales, developed by Chandler, Detienne, Mckelvie and Mumford (2011). The survey was realized with a sample of 123 entrepreneurs from various sectors who were participants of business associations. The scales were validated in terms of reliability and multidimensionality. The results present a positive relationship between entrepreneurial alertness and entrepreneurial approaches, especially in terms of causation. A quadratic nonlinear model was also identified in this relationship, indicating a middle point in which the relationship becomes reversed.

Expressão emocional no exercício da atividade empreendedora por mulheres

As emocoes sao elementos centrais na conformacao das identidades de empreendedores, as quais, por sua vez, orientam a acao gerencial. Em se tratando de empreendedoras, estudos tem apontado evidencias de alguns tracos predominantes no estilo de gestao, possivelmente associados a manifestacao de emocoes no exercicio profissional. Apesar disso, nao ha estudos que abordem como foco central a expressao emocional de empreendedores. Sendo assim, este estudo foi realizado junto a 15 empreendedoras, a fim de conhecer a vivencia emocional e o exercicio do papel empreendedor, contribuindo, assim, para melhor compreensao da acao gerencial. Trata-se de um estudo exploratorio e qualitativo, sendo que o instrumento de coleta de dados foi a entrevista aberta e os dados foram analisados com suporte do software Nvivus. Foram identificadas as seguintes formas de emocoes na atividade gerencial: a) gerenciamento das emocoes; b) a presenca de emocoes no exercicio da atividade gerencial; c) a utilizacao da emocao no gerenciamento; d) as emocoes e o estagio de desenvolvimento dos negocios; e) contra as emocoes: em busca da racionalidade. No conjunto das categorias pode ser confirmada a presenca de emocionalidade no processo de gerenciamento dos empreendimentos.

Criação de empresas à luz do modelo de decisão Effectuation: um estudo com mulheres empreendedoras de um município do nordeste brasileiro

This study aimed to ascertain whether women entrepreneurs in the Currais Novos city/RN used making decision processes aligned to the Effectuation logic throughout the creation of their companies. To this, was accomplished a descriptive study, whit a qualitative approach of analyse, using the thematic life history technique that match accounts and semi-structured interview route. To the interviews data analyse, was chosen the content analyse technique. As result, the entrepreneur women researched hadn’t clear initial aims at the companies’ creation moment, hadn’t aversion to the risk to lose the time and the money, they highlighted the products’ and services’ identity that offered with a strong link with Serido/RN region, they had experience in the field of activity in which they decided to open their companies. This study conclude that the entrepreneur women used, in a big part, making decision processes aligned to the Effectuation logic throughout the creation of their companies.

Emoções no Trabalho: Um Estudo em Organizações do Setor Bancário

A compreensao das emocoes no trabalho e importante para compreender a dinâmica social das organizacoes, pois elas contribuem para a interpretacao dos fatos vividos pelos sujeitos (FRIJDA, 2010). Consideravel importância vem sendo dada por estudos, na area organizacional, sobre esse assunto (FINEMAN, 2000; HOCHSCHILD, 1983), mas ha ainda um campo vasto a ser explorado. Este estudo tem como objetivo conhecer e comparar a auto percepcao emocional e a percepcao da emocao de chefes em dois grupos de funcionarios, pertencentes a duas organizacoes publicas no setor de servicos bancarios, a fim de verificar possiveis variacoes entre organizacoes, como tambem variacoes em relacao ao tempo de trabalho e a funcao. As organizacoes foram escolhidas tendo em vista o elevado nivel de padronizacao dos servicos. Assim, um grupo de 112 funcionarios de duas instituicoes respondeu o questionario da pesquisa, que tinha como conteudo principal um rol de palavras, que traduzem expressoes emocionais, extraidas da literatura (BAGOZZI, WONG, WI, 1999; HAVILAND-JONES, 2000), dispostas em duas escalas tipo Likert, para assinalar a percepcao emocional e a percepcao da emocao do chefe. Os resultados demonstraram que a auto percepcao emocional foi influenciada pelo tempo de servico e pela funcao. Quanto a percepcao emocional da chefia, esta tambem se apresentou diferenciada no tempo de trabalho e quanto ao nivel hierarquico.

ATIVIDADE EMPREENDEDORA NOS PAÍSES DO BRIC: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DOS RELATÓRIOS GEM NO PERÍODO DE 2000 A 2010

This paper discusses the importance of entrepreneurial activity and the relationship of this activity with economic growth. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to investigate and compare the characteristics of entrepreneurial activity among the BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China) countries, according to reports from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) in the years 2000 to 2010. The data used for this study are characterized as secondary data, reports concerning the GEM executives. The presentation and analysis of data occur at two different times. Initially, with a qualitative character, the entrepreneurial characteristics of each country are described according to the reports of GEM. Later, a quantitative analysis will aim to compare indicators TEA (Total Entrepreneurship Activity), GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and HDI (Human Development Index), in order to verify whether there is direct relationship between entrepreneurial activity and economic growth. The main conclusion of this research is that both a strong economy and a weak economy provide a scenario that contributes to high rates of entrepreneurship in the way it is measured by the GEM.

Effectual Reasoning and Causal Reasoning in Creating New Businesses: A Case Study

Resumen pt: Esse artigo foca o processo de criacao de novos negocios a luz da abordagem effectuation, que explica o fenomeno do empreendedorismo com base em postulad...