Hisanori Yuminaga

Visual Behavior in a Japanese Drum Performance of Gion Festival Music

The purpose of this study was to focus on the gaze shift in a coordinated musical performance and experimentally clarify its role in the matched timing of the players. To summarize the results obtained in the present study, (1) the number of gaze shifts for the expert was less than that for the non-expert; (2) the expert’s gaze shifts decreased significantly at the moment of a beat; (3) the expert did not turn his gaze on the drum surface, but turned his gaze between his drum and the opposite person’s drum; and (4) the percentages of gaze location on the drum surface of the self and the drum surface of the opposite person were higher in the case of the non-expert.

EMG Activity of Arms Muscles and Body Movement During Chucking in Lathebetween Expert and Non-expert

The subjects were three men differential experience of lathe processing such as 87,500 h, 6,300 h and 384 h on 87, 32 and 40 years old respectively. The attendees were affixed fourteen reflective markers for motion analysis and ten surface electrodes on the muscles of arms. The chucking movement did not leaned the body and used the center of the body to be a center of movement characterized the muscle contraction of expert on bilateral muscle of Flexor carpi radialis and Triceps bracii and then they still used the right Extensor carpi radialis longus, right Biceps brachii and left Deltoid. The abnormal twisting movement by bending the body to the left side and leaned the left knee down indicated the experts still contracted the muscle as like the first movement. The muscle energy usages of the experts had higher than the non-expert whom took a muscle continuously contraction along time.

Effect of Skill Level Difference in the Polishing Process of the Maki-e Making Technique

In this research, “Maki-e” technique was focused. Maki-e technique is a decoration technique of Urushi crafts technique. There is a polishing process in the Maki-e making process. Maki-e surface is polished by a charcoal and whetstone in the polishing process. Time-served technique is needed for this process. Because this process affects a finish of Urushi crafts work, this research aimed to clarify a relationship between a skill level difference of craftspeople and a finish of Urushi crafts work in the polishing process by using charcoal. Characteristics of the finish Urushi crafts work and how to use a body of craftspeople was analyzed. As the results of this research, it was confirmed that; 1. The expert’s Maki-e specimen was more brightness and yellow than the non-expert. 2. There was not much difference about the gloss and surface roughness between the expert and the non-expert. 3. The expert took the rhythmic activity in each muscle. Therefore it seemed that the finish of the work became more beautiful. These results suggest that how to use the body affects the finish of the Urushi crafts work in the polishing process. The non-expert can improve the finish of the work and the level of polishing skill by training the body position and motion like the expert.

Electromyography Measurement of Workers at the Second Lining Pounding Process for Hanging Scrolls

Hanging scrolls are a traditional Japanese form of binding and displaying artwork or calligraphy. The scrolls are rolled up from the bottom up and stored in a box, or hung on a wall for display. It is important for the scroll to be able to roll up smoothly without causing any creases when on display. Several layers of Japanese washi paper attached to the back of the scroll make these two functions possible. Wheat starch glue, a weak form of adhesive used to fortify the back, is combined with a technique called “pounding” with the use of a pounding brush, to promote adhesion. In this research, we attached an electromyograph on two subjects – an expert and non-expert binder – to study the movement of their muscles in 9 locations when pounding. Results of this study are expected to help contribute to the acquisition of the binding technique.

EMG Activity Analysis of Expert Skills on Handheld Grinding Work for Metallographic Sample

Carburizing is the most common heat treatment process for hardening ferrous alloy. The quality assurance of carburizing process requires metallographic analysis of case depth, retained austenite, intergranular oxidation, and carbide network by means of metallographic sample. Metallographic preparation consists of sectioning, mounting, plane grinding, polishing to mirror surface. It is difficult for non-expert to prepare metallographic sample with global mirror surface because preparation skill needs long time experience in this field. In this study, the difference of EMG activity during handheld grinding motion for metallographic specimen between expert and nonexpert execution was analyzed. The expert’s abductor pollicis brevis, extensor carpi radialis brevis, and triceps brachii were working activity than the other muscles. We considered that these muscle activity balance by the expert contribute to the stable grinding conditions and good surface finish.

Analysis of Expert Skills on Handheld Grinding Work for Metallographic Sample

Most common heat treatment process for hardening ferrous alloy is known as carburizing. The quality assurance of carburizing process requires metallographic analysis of case depth, retained austenite, intergranular oxidation, and carbide network by means of metallographic sample. Metallographic preparation consists of sectioning, mounting, plane grinding, polishing to mirror surface, and etching. It is difficult for non-expert to prepare metallographic sample with global mirror surface because preparation skill needs long time experience in this field. There is no study on expert skills in preparation of metallographic samples. In this study, the difference of handheld plane grinding motion of metallographic specimen between expert and non-expert execution was analyzed. For this clarification, an electromyogram (EMG) of the muscle activities between expert and non-expert were investigated. As a result of investigation, we found the clear difference in the muscle activities of triceps, flexor digitorum superficialis, and abductor pollicis brevis between expert and other subjects.

Comparison of Gait Analysis by the Way of Semi-structured Interviews

In this study, we showed a video with five samples of patients walking to three practicing Physical Therapists. We used a one-on-one semi-structured interview to investigate how the Physical Therapists would predict problems and plan treatment programs based on what they observed in the video, and then we analyzed the results. We obtained qualitative data from interviews and charted them as quantitative data for analysis, which is a new approach for motion observation.

The Evaluations of the Muscle Activity During “Momi” by Using the Different Immersed Bamboo in Water to Making Kyo-Uchiwa (Japanese Paper Fan)

The aim of study is to evaluate whether altering the bamboo moisture by immersed bamboo in water on 4-hour and 3 -day that would affect the muscle activity during separated bamboo by bending process. Moreover, thirteen muscles which bilateral side of Pectoralis major, Biceps brachii, Triceps brachii, Latissimus dorsi, Gluteus medius and only right side of Rectus abdominis, Extensor carpi radialis longus and Flexor carpi radialis were recorded. As a result, the bilateral side of Biceps brachii, right side of Extensor carpi radialis longus and Flexor carpi radialis, left side of Triceps brachii showed the difference quite clearly. When the craftsman was bending the bamboo he was necessary more effortful by these muscles activity on the 4-hour immersed bamboo in water than the 3-day. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs showed the fracture characteristic of 2 subjects that the adhesive of bamboo fiber decreased when increased moisture.Copyright